• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2000

This study was designed to determine the effects of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and estradiol $17-{\beta}$ on the in vitro proliferation of stromal vascular cell from Hanwoo omental, subcutaneous, intermuscular and intramuscular adipose tissues. Cells were cultured in M199+20% newborn calf serum and the proliferation of cells was measured by direct microscopic cell counting and change of genomic DNA amount. Cell numbers increased slightly over the first 72 hour of culture and then increased greatly, regardless of adipose tissue depots. In IGF-1 treatment, the number of omental preadipocytes maintained highest level from the beginning to the 20th day of culture. However, in estradiol-$17{\beta}$ treatment, those tended to be lower than the control from the beginning of culture and significantly lower at the 24th day. When IGF-1 was added to subcutaneous preadipocytes, the numbers of cells were higher from 11th day than those from other treatments, although there was no statistical significance. For intermuscular preadipocytes treated with IGF-1, its numbers were significantly (p<0.05) higher at 11th day, and in the other days it showed a similar tendency to those of the subcutaneous tissue. In this experiment, preadipocytes were taken from 24 month old fully matured steers and the highest proliferation rate was shown in intramuscular tissue followed by those of subcutaneous preadipocytes. Addition of $5{\mu}M$ estradiol-$17{\beta}$ to the growth medium failed to promote the replication of Hanwoo preadipocytes, as indicated by direct cell counts and total genomic DNA content. As the culture period proceeded, the amounts of DNA were increased, but the patterns of increment were not consistent with the results of cell numbers.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2003

목 적: 본 연구의 목적은 내인성 성호르몬이 자궁근종의 성장에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 연구를 시행하였다. 연구대상 및 방법: 폐경전 자궁근종 환자 27명과 같은 연령대의 정상여성 25명을 대상으로 하였다. 모든 대상군의 여성에서 24시간 소변을 모아서 소변내 estrogen, androgen의 대사체들을 GC-MS를 이용하여 측정하였으며 두 군에서의 차이를 비교분석 하였다. 결 과: 소변내 $17{\beta}$-estradiol, 5-androstene-$3{\beta}$, $16{\beta}$, $17{\beta}$-triol, 11-keto-ethiocholanolone, $11{\beta}$-hydroxy-androsterone, THS, THA, THE, a-cortolone, a-cortol 및 $\beta$-cortol가 환자군에서 의의있게 증가하였으며 $17{\beta}$estradiol/estrone 및 $11{\beta}$-hydroxy-ethiocholanolone/$11{\beta}$-hydroxy-androsterone도 환자군에서 의의있게 증가하였다. 결 론: 자궁근종의 성장은 요중 estrogen과 androgen의 농도와 밀접한 관련이 있으며 이는 환자의 스테로이드 호르몬 대사 감소에 기인한 것으로 사료된다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.62-69
• /
• 1985

한국재래산양(韓國在來山羊)의 번식효율(繁殖效率)을 증진(增進)시키기 위한 기초자료(基礎資料)로서 발정시기(發情時期)에 따를 혈청(血淸) 성(性) hormone의 변화(變化)를 측정(測定)하기 위하여 발정당일(發情當日) (0) 부터 매(每)2일(日) 간격(間隔)으로 20(0)일(日)까지 혈청내(血淸內)의 LH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol-$17{\beta}$ 및 progesterone의 농도(濃度)를 radioimmunoassay로 측정(測定)하여 검토(檢討)하였던 바, 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 발정주기(發情週期)에 따른 혈청(血淸) LH의 농도(濃度)는 발정당일(發情當日)에는 3.27 mIU/ml로 높은 수준(水準)이었으나, 그 후(後)에는 급격(急激)히 감소(減少)하여 발정주기(發情週期)의 2일(日)부터 18일(日)까지의 사이에는 1.05~1.73 mIU/ml로 매우 낮은 수준(水準)이었다. Prolactin의 농도(濃度)는 LH와 변화경향(變化傾向)은 유사(類似)하였으냐 변화폭(變化幅)은 낮았으며 FSH는 1.25 mIU/ml 수준이하(水準以下)였다. 2. 발정주기중(發情週期中) 혈청(血淸) estradiol-$17{\beta}$의 수준(水準)은 발정당일(發情當日)에 23.62 pg/ml로 최고수준(最高水準)을 보였고 기타(其他)의 기간(期間)에는 4.56~9.75 pg/ml의 범위(範圍)로 낮은 수준(水準)이었다. Progesterone의 농도(濃度)는 발정당일(發情當日)에 0.45 ng/ml로 최소치(最少値)였고, 그후(後) 점차(漸次) 증가(增加)하여 14일(日)에 8.85 ng/ml로 최고치(最高値)를 나타낸 다음 다시 감소(減少)되는 변화경향(變化傾向)을 보였다. 3. 발정전후(發情前後)의 혈청(血淸) LH의 농도(濃度)는 발정시각(發情時刻)에 3.06 mIU/ml로 최고치(最高値)를 보였고, 발정전(發情前)과 후(後)로 6시간(時間)씩 12시간(時間)동안은 높은 수준(水準)을 보였다. FSH는 모든 관찰시간(觀察時間)에서 1.25 mIU/ml 이하(以下)의 수준(水準)이었고, prolactin은 발정전(發情前) 12시간(時間)으로부터 발정후(發情後) 12 시간(時間)까지 24 시간(時間)동안 높은 수준(水準)을 유대(維待)하였다. 4. 발정전후(發情前後)의 estradiol-$17{\beta}$의 농도(濃度)는 발정시각(發情時刻)을 중심(中心)으로 전(前)과 후(後)로 각(各) 12시간(時間)까지 24시간(時間)동안은 높은 수준(水準)이었으며, progesterone은 estradiol-$17{\beta}$와 반대(反對)되는 변화경향(變化傾向)을 보였다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.179-185
• /
• 2007

Estrogen과 estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs)는 주로 스테로이드 수용체와 작용하여 다양한 표적 단백질 유전자의 전사를 조절한다. 구조적으로 estrogen 수용체와 유사한 estrogen 수용체형 수용체(estrogen receptorrelated receptor, ERR)는 포유동물에서 배발생 후기에 외배엽 형성과 관련되어 있다고 알려진 고아핵수용체(orphan nuclear receptor)이다. 본 연구에서는 해양무척추동물인 둥근성게(Strongylocentrotus nudus)의 발생배를 재료로 estradiol-$17{\beta}(E_2)$과 EDCs의 일종인 nonylphenol(NP)이 발생과정의 형태학적 변화와 $ERR{\beta}$ like 1의 mRNA발현에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. $E_2$와 NP가 처리된 발생배는 발생속도가 지연되었으며, 초기 유생기에 가까운 후기배의 비정상적인 발달형태가 관찰되었다. 수정란부터 초기 유생기까지 측정한 결과, 이들 화학물질에 의해 $ERR{\beta}$ like 1 mRNA는 포배기에 급격히 감소하는 패턴을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 둥근성게의 초기 배가 $E_2$와 NP에 의해 비정상적으로 발생되며, $ERR{\beta}$ like 1의 감소가 이 비정상적 배발생과 관련되어 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.589-599
• /
• 1989

A total of 13 synchronized dairy cattle(Holstein) were used to determine pregnancy rates in relation to plasma progesterone, estradiol-$17{\beta}$ levels and serum chemical values on the day of last $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ injection and day of frozen/thawed bovine embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate of recipients with 1.0~4.0ng/ml of progesterone levels at the day of last $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ injection was higher than that of recipients with below 1.0ng/ml or above 4.0ng/ml of progesterone levels. On the day of transfer, optimal progesterone levels were between 1.0ng/ml and 4.0ng/ml coinciding with a pregnancy rate of 88.9%. Pregnancy rate decreased when progesterone levels were below 1.0ng/ml(33.3%) or above 4.0ng/ml(0%). Corpus luteum grade did not affect pregnancy rate and this result revealed that manual palpation of corpus luteum was not valid criterion of corpus luteum function. Progesterone levels as well as pregnancy rate did not significantly differ whether the corpus luteum was on the right($1.62{\pm}1.33ng/ml$; 63.5%) or left ovary($1.99{\pm}0.61ng/ml$; 85.0%). Estradiol-$17{\beta}$ levels were not significantly different between pregnant and nonpregnant recipients, but estradiol-$17{\beta}$ levels($82.2{\pm}13.5$ VS. $72.3{\pm}10.1pg/ml$) were higher at below 1.0ng/ml of progesterone, and pregnancy rates(33.3 VS. 80%) tended to be lower than above 1.0ng/ml of progesterone. Total cholesterol levels on the day of last $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ injection and day of transfer did not affect pregnancy rate. Calcium and inorganic phoshorus levels belonged to normal range in most of the recipients. These range did not affect pregnancy rate. In reviewing above results, plasma progesterone levels(1.0~4.0ng/ml) at the time of transfer are diagnostic value for screening recipients prior to transfer of frozen/thawed bovine embryos.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수정란이식학회 2002년도 국제심포지엄
• /
• pp.111-111
• /
• 2002

Stroke occurs when local thrombosis, embolic particle or the rupture of blood vessele interrupts the blood floe to the brain. $\beta$-estradiol 17-valerate has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects when administered before an ischemic insult. Recently, the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia has been studied extensively in rat with various methods. In the present study, we investigates whether $\beta$-estrodiol 17-valerate can protect against brain injury. RNA sample were extracted from the hippocampus of female rat, reverse-transcription in the presence of [$\alpha$32p] dATP. Differential gene express-ion profiles were revealed (Bone morphogenetic protein type 1A receptor, Protein disulphide isomerase, Leukemia inhibitor factor receptor, cytochrome bc- 1 complex-x core P, thiol-specific antioxidant protein). RT-PCR was used to validate the relative expression pattern obtained by the cDNA array. The precise relationship between the early expression of recovery genes and stroke is a matter of luther investigation. This Study was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation(KOSEF) through the Biohealth Products Research Center(BPRC), Inje University, Korea.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제26권9호
• /
• pp.756-762
• /
• 2003

In the current study, our research focused on the estrogenic activity of isoflavonoids, mainly genistein, biochanin A and daidzein. Genistein enhanced the reporter gene expression of MCF-7-ERE-Luc cells, at a concentration as low as 10 nM, with a concentration of 100 nM the achieved gene expression effects were similar to those of 10 pM 17$\beta$-estradiol. Based on the estrogenic activities of biochanin A and daidzein, hydroxyl groups at the 4 and 5 positions are needed for the maximal effect of the genistein. The estrogenic effects of these isoflavonoids were inhibited by the concomitant treatment with tamoxifen. The data showed that the estrogenic effects of isoflavonoids were mediated through estrogen receptors. When the isoflavonoids were tested as mixtures, the estrogenic effects were lower than the arithmetic sum of those induced by each individual isoflavonoid. The estrogenic potency of each isoflavonoid was presented at EC50 levels with a 17$\beta$-estradiol equivalent concentration (EEQ) based on the dose response of each chemical. The EC50s and EEQs of genistein, biochanin A and daidzein were 4.15, 0.89 and 0.18 $\mu$M, and 15.0, 5.12 and 1.83 $\mu$ M/M, respectively. Our data clearly demonstrated that the pERE-luciferase reporter gene assay was suited for the sensitive and quantitative measurement, and large scale screening, of the estrogenicity of chemicals in vitro.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.26-30
• /
• 1981

The purpose of this study was to measure the serum content of progesterone, estradiol 17${\beta}$ and cortisol. Blood samples collected from day 20 prepartum to day 20 postpartum in 8 sows. Progesterone and estradiol-17${\beta}$ were assayed by radioimmunoassay methods and cortisol was determined by competitive protein-binding methods. Progesterone levels began to decline on day -4, reached 1.9ng/ml by day +2 and remained quite constant thereafter. Progesterone levels remained fairly constant(18.4 to 20.0 ng/ml) from 20 to 6 days before parturition. Estrdiol-17${\beta}$ increased from 205 pg/ml at day 6 prepartum to 425 pg/ml at the time of parturition. Cortisol reached a peak level of 86.5 ng/ml at day 0.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.377-385
• /
• 1993

This study was taken to examine correlationships between ehdocrine changes such as estradiol-17$\beta$, progesterone, T4 and T3 and serum components concentrations of female Oreochromis niloticus living in 0$\textperthousand$, 10$\textperthousand$, 20$\textperthousand$, and 30$\textperthousand$ salt concentrations, respectively. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows. Correlation coefficients of serum albumin and thyroxine were ＋0.907 and ＋0.611 in 10$\textperthousand$ and 20$\textperthousand$, respectively. In 30$\textperthousand$ salinity, serum BUN and other 3 kinds of hormones showed all negative correlation coefficients. Correlation coefficients of serum estradiol-17$\beta$ with calcium and cholesterol in 20$\beta$ were ＋0.624, ＋0.733, respectively. Correlation coefficient between serum triglycerides and thyroxine in 30$\beta$ was ＋0.989.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.275-281
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 해산어를 이용하여 bisphenol A(BPA)와 nonylphenol(NP)이 난모세포 성숙 과정에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 조사하기 위해 성숙단계에 있는 노래미(Hexagrammos agrammus) 난모세포(난경 약 1.88 mm)를 대상으로 in vitro에서 BPA와 NP 처리에 의한 난모세포의 성스테로이드 생성농도를 조사하였다. 난모세포에 BPA와 NP를 농도구별(0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1,000 ng/$m{\ell}$)로 첨가하고, 50 IU의 human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)를 농도구별 BPA 또는 NP와 함께 첨가하거나 하지 않고 48시간 동안 배양하였다. 배양 후 배양액 내의 $17{\alpha},20{\beta}$-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one($17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP$), estradiol-$17{\beta}(E_2)$ 그리고 testosterone(T)의 농도를 방사면역측정법(RIA)을 통해 정량하였다. BPA 처리구에서는 100 ng/$m{\ell}$의 농도구에서 HCG 처리 유무에 상관없이 $E_2$ 생성이 촉진되었다. HCG 처리하에서 0.1 ng/㎖의 농도구에서 T 생성은 촉진 되었으나, HCG를 처리하지 않은 실험구의 모든 농도구에서 T 생성은 저해되었다. NP 처리구에서는 HCG를 처리하지 않은 실험구의 10 ng/$m{\ell}$의 농도구에서 $17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP$와 T 생성이 촉진되었고, 1 ng/$m{\ell}$의 농도구에서는 $E_2$ 생성이 억제되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 노래미의 성숙단계의 난모세포에서 BPA는 약한 estrogen-agonistic 효과를, NP는 estrogenantagonistic 효과를 지니는 것으로 사료된다.