• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.2922-2931
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• 1994

We propose a modified 6-node element, where the sampling point of Gauss quadrature moved in the thickness direction. The modified 6-node element has been applied to static problems and forced motion analyses. In this study, this method is extended to the finite element analysis of the natural frequencies of two dimensional problems. We also propose a modified 16-node element for three dimensional problems, which behaves much like a 20-node element with smaller degree of freedom. The modified 6-node and 16-node elements have been applied to the modal analyses of beams and plates, respectively. The results agree well with the results of the 8-node or 20-node element models.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.113-116
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• 2002

We demonstrate 16 ch.$\times$2.5 Gb/s WDM transmission over 10,880 km using a re-circulating loop and forward error correction (FEC) code. The performances of all 16 channels were measured to be lower than 10$^{-10}$ .

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.7-10
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• 1998

The error performance of 16 Square-QAM signal with Optimum Threshold Detection(OTD) under the consideration of AWGN and Rician fading was analyzed for various value of Rician fading depth K. And error performance of 16-QAM signal with OTD, which considered in AWGN and Rician fading, was compared with that of 16-QAM signal with OTD, which considered in Rician fading only. And BCH coding is adopted. From the results, the error perfomance evlauated by proposed OTD was superior to that of 16-QAM signal with OTD, which considered in Rician fading without AWGN, in low CNR.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.19-27
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• 2009

본 고에서는 IEEE 802.16m 표준 및 기술 동향에 대해서 개관한다. IEEE 802.16m은 현재 상용화되고 있는 IEEE 802.16e 시스템의 진화된 형태로, IMT-2000을 대체해 나갈 차세대 이동 통신 시스템을 목표로 한다. 이를 위해 IEEE 802.16e 시스템과의 호환성이 유지되어야 하며, ITU-R에서 차세대 통신시스템 표준으로 추진중인 IMT-advanced의 요구사항을 만족시킬 수 있어야 한다. 이와 같은 목표를 달성하기 위해 물리적 계층 및 MAC 계층에서 다양한 기술들이 고려되었고, 본 고에서 전반적인 기술들에 대해서 간략히 살펴보도록 한다. 더불어, ITU-R에 제출한 IMT-Advanced 제안서의 결과를 토대로 IEEE 802.16m 시스템의 성능을 살펴보도록한다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Drivers for LED MR16 retrofit lamps need to be compatible with the dimmers and electronic transformers which originally operated with the halogen lamps to be replaced. We present a two-stage MR16 LED driver consisting of a boost converter in the first stage and a buck converter in the second stage. Our design has been analyzed in the frequency domain using simulations to demonstrate that it effectively suppresses the high-frequency components of the AC output of the electronic transformer. Experiment results with a driver prototype verify the simulation results as well as dimmability.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aims to investigate on the nomenclature of acupoints for the Healthcare Terminology Standard. Methods: We investigated the name of acupoints in "Standard Acupuncture Nomenclature (Second Edition)" of WHO, "WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in The Western Pacific Region", "Principles of Meridians & Acupoints", "Details of Meridians & Acupoints" and "Acupuncture Medicine". Results: In books, we found that the name of acupoints was used differently in LI19, TE22, HT3, SI8, ST16, SI16, GB16 and BL8 acupoints. Conclusions: 口禾髎(LI19), 耳和髎(TE22), 少海(HT3), 小海(SI8), 膺窗(ST16), 天窗(SI16), 目窗(GB16), 絡卻(BL8) and 淵腋(GB22) in confused acupoints have been established as the terms of acupoints for the Healthcare Terminology Standard.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.320-325
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• 1998

To elucidate of role(s) of tTA as a repressor in the tTA-mediated gene repression system, we introduced mutations into the acidic domain of VP16 and examined the effects of such various mutations. In the transient repression experiment, a region containing 34 amino acids of the activation domain of VP16 (412-456) which interacts with TFIIB was found to be necessary and sufficient for the tTA-mediated repression of gene expression. However, in the experiment to investigate the fact that tTA-regulated repression is related to the activation function of VP16, we found that the repression abilities of tTA derivatives did not correlate exactly with their activation abilities. Therefore, we conclude that increased mass of VP16 in tTA might be also important for efficient repression in addition to functional domain of VP16.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.87-96
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• 2005

[ $p16^{INK4a}$ ] is a tumor suppressor that belongs to the INK4 family of the cyclin D-dependent kinases (cdk) inhibitors. It plays regulatory roles in cell proliferation and in tumorigenesis by interacting with Rb signaling. Abnormally elevated $p16^{INK4a}$ protein expression causes cell cycle arrest (G1/S transition) and loss of cyclin-cdk activity. In many cancers, $p16^{INK4a}$ is altered by mutation, deletion, and promoter methylation. This review summarizes the function of p16 as an important regulator of cancer pathobiology and a promising target fer developing cancer therapeutic and chemopreventive agents.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 1999

X-선 회절법을 이용하여 3,6-bis(6'-methyl-2'pyridyl)pyridazine을 리간드로 한 Zn(Ⅱ) 착물인 [3,6-bis(6'-methyl-2'pyridyl)pyridazine]ZnCl2 (C16H16N4·ZnCl2)의 결정구조를 규명하였다. 이 결정의 결정계는 Monoclinic이며 공간군은 P21/a이다. 단위포 상수는 a=15.053(7) Å, b=14.594(7) Å, c=7.628(3) Å이며, β=93.92(4)°, V=1671.9(13) Å3, T=293(2)K, Z=4, Dc=1.594 Mgm-3이다. 회절반점들의 세기는 Enraf-Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer로 얻었으며 Mo Kα선(λ=0.71073 Å)을 사용하였다. 분자구조는 직접법으로 풀었으며, Fo>4σ (Fo)인 1750개의 독립 회절 데이터에 대하여 최소승자법으로 정밀화하여 최종 신뢰도 값 R=8.31%을 얻었다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.235-236
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• 2006

IEEE 802.16 networks support mobile stations (MSs) to access broadband wireless networks while moving at a vehicular speed. However, IEEE 802.16 networks do not provide link layer native multicast capability because of point-to-multipoint connection characteristic. Due to this feature, it is not easy to adopt protocols or applications which need native link layer multicast capability. In order to solve the multicast support problem, we use the built-in LAN emulation feature of IEEE 802.16 which is based on Convergence Sublayer (CS). Our proposed operational procedures support not only the delivery of link local scope multicast packets, but also the delivery of non-link local scope multicast packets such as site local or global scope multicast packets. We also present the method of forming multicast Connection Identifier (CID) which is used to transport IP packets over IEEE 802.16 networks.