• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2007

Even now, 119 rescue services have dissatisfactory aspects in operation, system and equipments as discussed above, It is the most urgent subject to systemize rescue services so that they can be suitable for our status, for we will make 21C welfare state come true before long. So, this author suggest that the followings have to be raised to activate 119 rescue service. 1) Bring up experts and offer high-quality rescue service 2) Prepare more up-to-date equipments 3) Operate transfer joint organizations 4) Promote the ability to meet with a press at the time of rescue service activities 5) Adjust regulations related to rescue services 6) Make up for a countermeasure to traffic accidents of ambulances 7) Adjust regulations making it mandatory to establish heliport at the target on hospitals more than a defined scale 8) Install more rescue service teams 9) Educate and train officials belonging to briefing rooms, where the officials with long experiences are arranged 10) Minimize the time for rescue team to reach fields 11) Establish legal protection system for rescue the team Nowadays, our country operates the department of fire fighting and rescue services without great difficulty, even though the circumstances are bad - insufficient members and the inferior circumstances. All of the fire fighting officials are given heavy duties in bad circumstances, and so are the team of rescue service. The rescue service team, taking charge of some emergency medical system, do a fire fighting inspection as a non-duty service, though they are scanty of sleep due to prevention and protection services of the fire fighting service team. But, they can not engage in rescue services completely and have to deal with miscellaneous duties. So they can not offer professional emergency medical services. But now, almost every fire fighting organization, belonging to National Emergency Management Agency, are separating rescue services, which shows a lot of good results. People recognize rescue services to get better and better gradually and the demands for this rescue services increase. So, this is the best time when rescue service teams should offer qualitative services rather than quantitative services. The people will recognize this rescue service team to be an organization sacrificing and serving for them. However well institutes and operation systems should be established, the rescue service team can not come true their aim without strong wills that they will serve and sacrifice themselves for people from their hearts. In addition, it is essential for the officials in charge of policies about emergency medical services to have a concernment on and practice the policy without failure.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2020

When a pregnant woman experiences cardiac arrest, resuscitation is of the utmost importance. Cardiac arrest in pregnant women differs from cardiac arrest in the general population since both mother and fetus need to be taken into consideration. In the event of cardiac arrest, determining whether to deliver the baby is significant. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is not always successful, and the survival rate depends on the speed and precision of the procedure. In this study, we focus on the case of a 30-year-old pregnant woman who experienced cardiac arrest and whose family was quick to perceive her condition and call the hospital. A witness performed initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation, while rescue workers performed the advanced procedure. In this case, the patient and baby received proper treatment and left the hospital after six days. It is extremely rare for a pregnant patient to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or receive advanced cardiac life support before reaching the hospital. However, the woman in question in this study achieved ROSC and received both cardiopulmonary resuscitation before reaching the hospital and advanced cardiac life support at the hospital. The specifics of the case are reported in the context of a literature review.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.346-358
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• 2009

Objectives: A study was conducted by analysing the contents and frequency of emergency treatment practiced by emergency medical technicians(EMTs) in emergency situations and contains related factors. Methods: The study subjects included 80 EMTs who participated in ongoing education classes during the period from June 25th to June 26th, 2008. the survey included 53 EMTs employed within 119 first aid teams in fire stations in both a metropolitan city and a medium-sized city. From the survey results relation between frequency of emergency treatment and subjects characteristics explored statistically including t-test, X2 test, Pearson correlation and finally stepwise multiple regression. Results: The most frequent procedure by EMTs checking vital signs. The statistically significant related factors overall of the 23 items of emergency treatment frequency was the working area and the grading of EMT certification. In contrast, significant related factors with frequency of IV linkage were found to be the subjects gender, institution employed and the importance of recognizing the item. The statistically significant related factors of that of ECG monitoring was the gender of respondents. Conclusions: To keep the appropriate frequency of emergency treatment by EMT, active efforts to promote their individual importance and confidence cognition are necessary, especially towards males and persons who have 2nd class certification. Moreover, EMTs who work in small cities must be supported.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.142-149
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to report the out-of-hospital resuscitation of cardiac arrest along with literature consideration. CPR is technology of resuscitating patient by maintaining oxygen supply to organ, by preventing progression from clinical death to biological death, and by recovering heart beat and circulation, through circulatory support of mechanical ventilation. It is not what every patient with cardiac standstill is revived even if being implemented CPR. Patient's survival rate is decided by how quickly and correctly CPR was executed. A patient, who wasn't witnessed the cardiac arrest on the field, was performed 5-cycle CPR for 2 minutes on the field before being transferred to hospital, and was allowed to be used AED. A person, who was observed, is recommended to be used AED immediately, and then is said to be needed ACLS (advanced cardiac life support). In the Out-of-Hospital stage, it is rare in a case that 119 Emergency Medical Service System transfers by being ROSC and in a case of executing ACLS. Cardiac arrest was witnessed on the field, but CPR wasn't executed. First-aid staff executed CPR after arriving, and led to ROSC on the field with ACLS, there by having experienced 1 case of a patient's surviving to leave hospital by being ROSC on the field.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.33-44
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• 2024

Chungbuk has various regional characteristics in terms of population composition by region, industrial facilities, and distribution of emergency medical institutions. However, there are no studies yet that have analyzed regional characteristic factors related to the occurrence characteristics of cardiac arrest patients. Therefore, this study provided basic data to establish a response system for OHCA patients suitable for the characteristics of the Chungcheongbuk-do region by analyzing the characteristics of OHCA patients and the transfer status of 119 paramedics in Chungcheongbuk-do. This study is a retrospective study that analyzed 1,188 cardiac arrest patients transferred by ambulance based on raw data from the survey on acute cardiac arrest in Chungbuk (2020). There are a total of 11 emergency medical institutions in Chungbuk-do, which are concentrated in city-level areas, so the transfer time of patients to hospitals in county-level areas was delayed. In the county-level area, the frequency of dispatch of special paramedics was relatively small, and the frequency of administration of cardiac arrest drugs to help resuscitate cardiac arrest patients was also low. In conclusion, efforts should be made to improve accessibility of emergency medical services (deployment of emergency vehicles in marginal areas, proper placement of emergency medical institutions, etc.), to promote prevention of traumatic cardiac arrest patients, and to expand the scope of work to strengthen the first aid expertise of paramedics.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.119-125
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• 2010

The performance deformation of concrete can be caused by many factors such as load, thermal strain and creep at high temperature. Japan, Europe and America have been doing various experimental studies to solve these problems about thermal properties of concrete at high temperature, each study has generated different results due to a heating methods, heating hours, size of specimens and performance of a the loading, heating method, size of specimen and heating machine. There has been no unified experimental method so far. Therefore, this study reviewed experimental studies on the strength performance of concrete subject to heating and loading method. As a result, compressive strength of specimen prestressed increase in the temperature range of between $100^{\circ}C$ and about $400^{\circ}C$. Also, results can be analyzed as compare equation of compressive strength at elevated temperature with CEN and CEB code.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Accidents cases about hazardous materials in university laboratories and other places are reviewed in this thesis. Then the curriculums that are currently operated in related educational institutions are researched. The researched educational institutions include 'National Fire Service Academy', local 'Fire Service Academies' that are located in Gyeonggi, Busan, Gwangju, Gyeongbuk, and Chungcheong and nationwide 'universities'. A questionnaire survey about hazardous materials with fire officers who are on educational courses in National 119 Rescue Services and local 'Fire Service Academies' is also performed and analyzed. The analyzed results suggest several implications. First, the education courses concerning hazardous materials and the experiment manual should be developed very soon. Second, hazardous materials related courses should be performed by lecturers who has degree in related majors. The third, to prevent the accidents about hazardous materials, the professionals should be trained more. In sum, the experiment centered education courses about hazardous materials should be achieved.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2019

Purpose: The present study was conducted to identify the factors influencing the perfromance of the emergency medical technicians (EMTs) utilizing smart advance life support (SALS) and to provide appropriate feedback to improve SALS performance. Methods: The study subjects were recruited from 119 EMT members working in G city participating in SALS project. A total of 155 data were used in the analysis. Results: Of the three areas, the mean score of importance was the highest (4.53±0.48). followed by educational needs (4.24±0.66), and SALS performance (4.08±0.55). Importance was identified as a significant factor influencing SALS performance (β=.187, p<.047).The length of education. work scope. amd role of level 1 EMTs vary significantly depending on the type of qualifications they have as emergency medical professionals, while the supply of level 1 EMTs has already reached a point of saturation. Accordingly, the current regulation on allowing level 2 EMTs with at least three years of experience to take the level 1 EMT test presents serious inequity for students just graduating from their emergency medical services program. It is also a factor that degrades the professionalism of level 1 EMTs. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was found that mediation and education programs need to be implemented to highlight the importance of the tasks performed in SALS situations in order to improve performance.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2017

Purpose: This study investigated the use of infection management and the frequency of emergency equipment sterilization by emergency rescue crews to provide basic guidelines and suggestions for infection control. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 160 emergency medical technician rescue crews in J area from May 7 to May 22 in 2015. The questionnaire consisted of 95 items, including the general characteristics of the subjects (8 items), the use of emergency equipment (33 items), the frequency of facility sterilization (33 items), infection control (12 items), vaccination (4 items), and the use of personal protective equipment (5 items). Results: In all, 97.3% of respondents were aware of the "Guidelines of Infection management for Rescue Operators' and 90.9% received training on infection control. A total of 72.7% and 47.3% of rescue centers were equipped with disinfection facilities and laundry rooms, respectively. The average frequency of sterilization was $3.17{\pm}0.75$, which significantly differed for teams with more clinical experience (p=.050) and teams with three members (p=.030). The average score for individual protective equipment supplies was $1.95{\pm}0.66$. Conclusion: For proper infection management of emergency equipment, our results suggest that the number of crew members should be increased for each ambulance, protective equipment and rescue products should be supplied, and the number of facilities for sterilization and laundry at rescue centers should be doubled.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.23-32
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• 2009

This thesis investigated accidents in relation with hazardous materials such as university laboratories in our country. In addition, this thesis investigated how the courses, hazardous materials, are managed, centering on Seoul, Gyeonggi, Busan, Gwangju, Gyeongbuk, and Chungbuk Fire Service Academy as well as National Fire Service Academy, and investigated how the courses, hazardous materials, are managed, centering on the courses in relation with fire service in universities, too. This thesis, also, performed a questionnaire survey on the education in relation with hazardous materials, objecting fire service officers on working who took education in respective provincial fire service academies and National 119 Rescue Services. This thesis analyzed the results of questionnaires, found problems in the current education about hazardous materials, and presented effective learning methods as the courses, hazardous materials, management methods, centering on new experiments. In addition, this thesis tried to present education plans with which people could prevent from the accidents in relation with hazardous materials.