• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2002

We report all sky camera and Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) observations of mesospheric gravity waves and a 12-hour wave at Resolute $(75^{\circ}N)$ and a joint observation of 10-hour wave with Eureka $(80^{\circ}N)$. All sky camera observations showed a low occurrence of mesosphere gravity waves during equinoxes, which is similar to the mid-latitude region. A slightly higher occurrence near solstice appears to indicate that gravity waves are not filtered out by the neutral wind in the winter. The FPI observation of a 12-hour wave showed amplitude variations from day to day. The phase of the wave is mostly stable and consistent with the GSWM prediction in the winter. The phase shifts with season as predicted by the GSWM. Four events of the 12-hour wave were found in spring with amplitudes larger than the GSW predictions. The FPls at Resolute and Eureka also observed a wave with period close to 10 hours. The 10-hour wave maybe the result of the non-linear interaction between the semi-diurnal tide and the quasi-two day wave. Further studies are under way. Overall, the combined Resolute and Eureka observation have revealed some new fractures about the mesospheric gravity wave, tidal wave, and other oscillations.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1989년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.13-14
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• 1989

Prolongation in QT corrected interval (QTc), measured in surface ECG, has been shown in the majority af patients to be marker of bad prognosis in postmyocardial infarction patients (PMIP). Hence it would seem logical that dynamic QTc interval measurement can be a very usefull indicator to stratify prognosis in PMIP. We present a new algorithm for QT as well as for QTP (distance value from Q wave onset to T wave peak) intervals measurement in 24 hour ECG Holter tapes. Validation of the algorithm by hand measurement has been done on first beats of 18 Holter tapes, resulting in a magnitude of deviations between 10 and 15 ms. Application on 24 hour Holter ECG signal has also been done.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2023

Modeling a nonlinear ocean wave is one of the primary concerns in ocean engineering and naval architecture to perform an accurate numerical study of wave-structure interactions. The high-order spectral (HOS) method, which can simulate nonlinear waves accurately and efficiently, was investigated to see its capability for nonlinear wave generation. An open-source (distributed under the terms of GPLv3) project named "HOS-ocean" was used in the present study. A parametric study on the "HOS-ocean" was performed with three-hour simulations of long-crested ocean waves. The considered sea conditions ranged from sea state 3 to sea state 7. One hundred simulations with fixed computational parameters but different random seeds were conducted to obtain representative results. The influences of HOS computational parameters were investigated using spectral analysis and the distribution of wave crests. The probability distributions of the wave crest were compared with the Rayleigh (first-order), Forristall (second-order), and Huang (empirical formula) distributions. The results verified that the HOS method could simulate the nonlinearity of ocean waves. A set of HOS computational parameters was suggested for the long-crested irregular wave simulation in sea states 3 to 7.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2008

The electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties with a variation of crystallization annealing temperature have been investigated in a sheet-type absorber using the $Fe_{73}Si_{16}B_7Nb_3Cu_1$ alloy powder. With increasing the annealing temperature the complex permeability (${\mu}_r$), permittivity (${\varepsilon}_r$) and power absorption changed. The EM wave absorber shows the maximum permeability and permittivity after the annealing at $610^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, and its calculated power absorption is above 80% of input power in the frequency range over 1.5 GHz.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2008

The electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties of the $Fe_{73}Si_{16}B_7Nb_3Cu_1$ nanocrystalline powder mixed with 5 to 20 vol% of Ni-Zn ferrites has been investigated in a frequency range from 100MHz to 10GHz. Amorphous ribbons prepared by a planar flow casting process were pulverized and milled after annealing at 425 for 1 hour. The powder was mixed with a ferrite powder at various volume ratios to tape-cast into a 1.0mm thick sheet. Results showed that the EM wave absorption sheet with Ni-Zn ferrite powder reduced complex permittivity due to low dielectric constant of ferrite compared with nanocrystalline powder, while that with 5 vol% of ferrite showed relatively higher imaginary part of permeability. The sheet mixed with 5 vol% ferrite powder showed the best electromagnetic wave absorption properties at high frequency ranges, which resulted from the increased imaginary part of permeability due to reduced eddy current.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.179-192
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• 2021

In this study, an integrated wave model from global to coastal scales was developed to improve the operational wave prediction performance of the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA). In this system, the wave model was upgraded to the WaveWatch III version 6.07 with the improved parameterization of the source term. Considering the increased resolution of the wind input field and the introduction of the high-performance KMA 5^th Supercomputer, the spatial resolution of global and regional wave models has been doubled compared to the operational model. The physical processes and coefficients of the wave model were optimized for the current KMA global atmospheric forecasting system, the Korean Integrated Model (KIM), which is being operated since April 2020. Based on the sensitivity experiment results, the wind-wave growth parameter (β_max) for the global wave model was determined to be 1.33 with the lowest root mean square errors (RMSE). The value of β_max showed the lowest error when applied to regional/coastal wave models for the period of the typhoon season when strong winds occur. Applying the new system to the case of August 2020, the RMSE for the 48-hour significant wave height prediction was reduced by 13.4 to 17.7% compared to the existing KMA operating model. The new integrated wave prediction system plans to replace the KMA operating model after long-term verification.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

복잡하고 비선형적인 특징을 갖는 시계열 데이터를 예측하기 위해 딥러닝 기법이 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근에 개발된 WaveNet을 개선하고 워크포워드 검증 기법을 적용하여 전력 소비량 데이터를 24시간 이전에 예측하고자 한다. 원래 WaveNet은 오디오 데이터 예측에 사용하고자 고안되었으며, 장기간의 데이터를 효과적으로 예측하기 위해 1차원 팽창인과 합성곱(1D dilated causal convolution)을 사용한다. 먼저, WaveNet이 부호화된 정수 값이 아니라 실수 값을 출력하여 전력 데이터를 예측하기 적합하도록 개선하였다. 다음으로 학습 과정에 적용된 하이퍼파라미터(입력 기간, 배치 크기, WaveNet 블록 개수, 팽창 비율, 학습률 변경)를 조정하여 적절한 성능을 나타내도록 하였다. 마지막으로 성능 평가를 통해 전통적인 홀드아웃 검증 기법보다 본 연구에서 사용한 워크포워드 검증 기법이 전력 소비량 데이터 예측에 우수함 성능을 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2019

In this study, we analyzed the relationship between five factors: long-wave radiation, short-wave radiation, cloudiness, SVF and summer shelters. In the previous study, we recognized the correlation between single building SVF and long-wave radiation. Furthermore, this study attempted to confirm the relationship at the summer shelter with high solar radiation blocking rate. The observations are as follows. ① Cooling in summer shelters was not the effect of temperature but the effect of radiation reduction due to short-wave radiation shielding. ② In the case of the canopy tent with low heat capacity, the long-wave radiation was observed to be 16.7% higher per hour than the comparison control point due to the increase in surface temperature. ③ The long-wave radiation increase rate was different according to SVF, but showed very similar pattern according to the material characteristics of the summer shelters. ④ Passive Cooling effect on the type of summer shelters are determined by the size of the total long and short-wave radiation at that point.

• 환경생물
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2013

본 연구는 초음파의 주파수별 노출 시간이 녹조현상을 일으키는 Microcystis sp.의 군체에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 각 조사 지점 내의 녹조 생물은 남조강(Cyanophyceae)인 Microcystis sp.가 전체 조류의 약 99.5%를 차지하였다. 초음파의 노출에 따른 녹조류의 chlorophyll-a 농도를 분석해보면 노출시간이 길어짐에 따라 점차적으로 감소하였으며, 특히 70 kHz의 주파수 영역에서 녹조 생물이 세포분열을 통한 생물량의 증가를 억제하는 데 효과적인 것으로 조사되었다. 초음파에 노출되기 전 Microcystis sp.는 단세포가 점액성 물질에 조밀하게 쌓여 있는 군체의 형태로 관찰되었으나 70 kHz 초음파에 노출된 후 Microcystis sp.의 군체의 결속이 약화되고 세포가 군체에서 떨어져 나가는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 초음파는 동 식물성 플랑크톤의 형태적 변화와 운동성에 영향을 미치지 않아 다른 수중 미생물에는 부정적인 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 초음파는 Microcystis sp.의 군체와 형태적 변화를 유발하고 세포를 파괴시켜 녹조현상을 일으키는 조류의 생물량을 감소시키는 데 효과적으로 작용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권7호
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• pp.667-673
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• 2010

Copper filling into TSV (through-silicon-via) and reduction of the filling time for the three dimensional chip stacking were investigated in this study. A Si wafer with straight vias - $30\;{\mu}m$ in diameter and $60\;{\mu}m$ in depth with $200\;{\mu}m$ pitch - where the vias were drilled by DRIE (Deep Reactive Ion Etching) process, was prepared as a substrate. $SiO_2$, Ti and Au layers were coated as functional layers on the via wall. In order to reduce the time required complete the Cu filling into the TSV, the PPR (periodic pulse reverse) wave current was applied to the cathode of a Si chip during electroplating, and the PR (pulse-reverse) wave current was also applied for a comparison. The experimental results showed 100% filling rate into the TSV in one hour was achieved by the PPR electroplating process. At the interface between the Cu filling and Ti/ Au functional layers, no defect, such as a void, was found. Meanwhile, the electroplating by the PR current showed maximum 43% filling ratio into the TSV in an hour. The applied PPR wave form was confirmed to be effective to fill the TSV in a short time.