• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.18.3-18
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• 1987

기관의 원발성 종양은 매우 드물며 그 수술적 치료법 또한 확고히 되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 저자들은 기관지 천식으로 오진한 제1, 제2 기관륜 부위에 발생하여 윤상 연골까지 침범한 편평 세포암을 제1, 제2 기관륜을 포함하여 윤상 연골의 부분 절제후 6500 rad. 조사 후 좋은 경과를 보이고 있는 44세 여자 환자에 대해 문헌 고찰과 아울러 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.479-491
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• 1998

In order to know the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in association with the oxidative stress by neutrophils, the role of platelet activating factor (1-0-alkyl-2-acetyl-snglycero-3-phosphocholine, PAF) was investigated during acute lung injury induced by interleukin- $1{\alpha}$ (IL-1) in rats. An insufflation of IL-1 into the rat's trachea increased the acetyltransferase activity in the lung and the increase of PAF content was followed. As evidences of acute lung injury by neutrophilic respiratory burst, lung leak index, myeloperoxidase activity, numbers of neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, neutrophilic adhesions to endothelial cells and NBT positive neutrophils were increased after IL-1 treatment. In addition, a direct instillation of PAF into the trachea caused acute lung leak and the experimental results showed a similar pattern in comparison with IL-1 induced acute lung injury. For the confirmation of oxidative stress during acute lung leak by IL-1 and PAF, a histochemical electron microscopy was performed. In IL-1 and PAF treated lungs of rats, the deposits of cerrous perhydroxide were found. To elucidate the role of PAF, an intravenous injection of PAF receptor antagonist, WEB 2086 was given immediately after IL-1 or PAF treatment. WEB 2086 decreased the production of hydrogen peroxide and the acute lung leak. In ultrastructural study, WEB 2086 mitigated the pathological changes induced by IL-1 or PAF. The nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) was activated by PAF and this activation was inhibited by WEB 2086 almost completely. Based on these experimental results, it is suggested that the PAF produced in response to IL-1 through the remodeling pathway has the major role for acute lung injury by neutrophilic respiratory burst. In an additional experiment, we can also come to conclude that the activation of the NFkB by PAF is thought to be the fundamental mechanism to initiate the oxidative stress by neutrophils causing release of proinflammatory cytokines and activation of phospholipase $A_2$.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.204-209
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• 1996

Several medicinal Plants in Jeonbuk are screened for the contraction or relaxation to the acetylcholine and histamine induced contraction in the isolated rat and guinea pig's trachea smooth muscle. Contractions evoked by acetylcholine and histamine were inhibited by Flos Farfarae, Poria and Rhizoma alismatis, but contractions were increased Tuber Pinelliae, Herba Chelidonii, Fructus Qusqualis, Radix Asari, Semen Perillae, Folium Artemisiae and Fructus Schizamdrae increased the contractions evoked by acetylcholine and histamine. Radix Puerariae, Radix Osterici Koreani, Rhizoma Zingiberis siccatum, Radix Sanguisorbae, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Fructus gardeniae and Cortex Magnoliae did not effect the contractions evoked by acetylcholine and histamine.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 1977

With the adevance of widespread mechanization and high-speed era, the incidence of traumatic rupture of the tracheobronchial tree has been increased considerably. We have experienced these diseased of the 3 cases in our department. The first case was a 25 year old male who was severe dyspneic and subcutaneous emphysema, hemoptysis, and hemopneumothorax of both side were noted. During tracheostomy, it was found that the 2net ring of the trachea was ruptured. No definitive procedure was made on admission. Corrective surgery was performed with end-to-end anastomosis on 31 post-traumatic day. The second case was a 43 year old female who received multiple stab wounds on the anterior neck and it was found that the cricoid cartilage was transected partially. The injured cartilage was approximated with interrupted suture of No. 600 wire. The third case was a 19 year old male who had sustained a compression chest injury without external wound or rib fracture. At five days after trauma, he had suffered from dyspnea, and obstruction of the left main bronchus due to traumatic bronchial rupture was confirmed by means of bronchoscopy and bronchography at two weeks after the trauma. End-to-end anastomosis of the bronchus was performed and the left lung was aerated well. Mild postoperative stenosis of trachea was remained in the first case. Others were uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.194-197
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• 1998

Myoepithelioma is a benign tumor composed of sheets and islands of various proportion of spindle, plasmacytoid, epitheloid, and clear cells. We are reporting of a 38-year-old woman with an extremely rare neoplasm of the trachea, myoepithelioma. The patient had an right neck mass and diagnosed presumptively as the thyroid tumor with tracheal invasion. Resection and anastomosis of the trachea with partial thyroidectomy was done. The tumor was a well circumscribed mass with solid growth pattern and composed of spindle and epitheloid cells, which were positive for S-100 protein and smooth muscle actin. In electron microscopy, a large amount of microfilaments in the cytoplasm and layers of basement membrane-like materials in the intercellular spaces were observed, which are characteristics of myoepithelioma. Patient has been well for 8 months postoperatively.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2 s.28
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• pp.173-183
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• 1994

The results about effects of Maecmoondongtang on the pulmonary function of $SO_2$ exposed rats were summerized as follows: 1. Maecmoondongtang reavealed significant effect on decrease of the lung weight in pulmomary edema of rats. 2. Maecmoondongtang reavealed very significant effect on decrease of the TBA value of lung. 3. It was recognized Maecmoondongtang had signiftcant effect on decrease of glycoprotein contents in trachea. 4. It was recognized maecmoondongtang had significant effect on decrease of mucos area in tracheal epithelium. 5. Maecmoondongtang had effects on recovery of the cillia cells of tracheal epithelium and inhibition of mucous secretion. According to the above result. it was recognized Gamimaecdongtang had significant effect on decrease of lung weight in pulmonary edema. the TBA value. glycoprotein contents in trachea. and mucous area in tracheal epithelium. and recovery of the cillia cells of tracheal epithelium. and inhibition of mucous secretion. So I think we can take advantage of this medicine very usefully for treatment of pulmonary edema. pheumonia. acute and chronic bronchitis etc.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.299-305
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• 2008

Active cardiovascular anaphylactic response was induced in ovalbumin-sensitized, pithed Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats. On intravenous administration of the antigen, ovalbumin, marked tachycardia and pressor responses were immediately elicited. Thereafter, a delayed long-lasting severe hypotensive response was observed. These anaphylactic cardiovascular responses were maximal 2-3 weeks after the sensitization, and the response was slightly diminished 6 weeks after sensitization. The immediate pressor response was blocked by a non-selective serotonin antagonist methysergide at a dose-dependent manner, but not by histamine receptor antagonists mepyramine (pyrilamine) or cimetidine. The delayed hypotension was reduced either by histamine $H_1$ receptor antagonist mepyramine or $H_2$ receptor antagonist cimetidine, both in a dose-dependent manner. The tachycardic response was not influenced by serotonin or histamine receptor antagonists examined in this study. Differently from the cardiovascular responses, there was no observable bronchial contraction in Sprague-Dawley rat trachea in contrast to Wistar rat where the trachea contracted to in vitro antigen challenge. The cardiovascular anaphylactic model seems to be useful for studying cardiovascular events that occur exclusively in peripheral heart-blood vessel systems. The involvement of two major anaphylactic mediators, serotonin and histamine, is partially demonstrated.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1994

This study examined the effects of cyclosporin A [CsA] and methylprednisolone[MP] on the viability of the devascularized trachea after heterotopic transplantation. Fourty-two tracheal segments were harvested from 21 donor Wistar rats. Those tracheal segments were heterotopically implanted into the abdomen of recipient rats after wrapping in omentum. Heterotopical implantation was performed in six groups of rats:Group I was Wistar syngeneic controls, and five groups of Sprague Dawley recipients, receiving no immunosuppression[Group II], CsA alone[Group III, V], and CsA in combination with MP[Group IV, VI]. After 14 days, the tracheal segments were histologically evaluated.Epithelial thickness and the degree of epithelial regeneration were significantly different between group I and group II, III, VI, VI [p< 0.05]. There were significant differences in the epithelial thickness between group II, III, IV and group V, VI. In the degree of epithelial regeneration, there were significant differences in group II, group III-IV, and group V-VI. Without immunosuppression there was virtually no epithelium, whereas low-dose immunosuppression yielded intermediated viability, and with high dose CsA and MP we observed improved tracheal viability. Our results suggest that optimal combination of CsA and MP may improve the viability in heterotopic tracheal allografts.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.536-539
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• 1998

Tracheoinnominate artery fistula is a rare complication that can happen after tracheostomy, the mortality rate is high and it reqiures urgent surgical management. The patient had received a left pneumonectomy 30 years ago and post-operative course was in uneventful. And tracheostomy was performed for acute respiratory failure due to trachea stenosis for 2 months in recent. She was improved in general condition and changed to a 11 mm silicone Montgomery T-tube. On the 3rd day after the tube changed, she had cardiac arrest due to the excessive hemorrhaging due to tracheoinnominate artery fistula. We report an successusful experience for control of bleeding by an innominate artery fistula division and the Utley maneuver for the tracheoinnominate artery fistula. We report the operation method of bleeding control.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.664-669
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• 2005

Objectives : To evaluate the clinical significance of abnormal bronchi originating from the trachea or main bronchi. Methods : 21 patients (male:female ratio, 13:8; mean age, 58.2 years, range 34-77), who were diagnosed with major tracheobronchial anomalies by bronchoscopy from January 2001 to March 2005, were enrolled in this study. The anomalous bronchi consisted of 13 tracheal bronchi and 8 cardiac accessory bronchus. The clinical features, bronchoscopic findings, and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Results : Common symptoms, including hemoptysis, cough and dyspnea, resulted from the underlying lung disease regardless of the bronchial anomalies. In this series of 13 tracheal bronchi, 7 cases originated from the trachea within 1cm of the carina (carinal type) and 6 cases originated at a higher level(tracheal type). Most patients had favorable outcome with conservative treatment for the underlying lung disease. Conclusion : Most tracheobronchial anomalies are found incidentally in the process of diagnosing lung disease. The clinical outcome of patients with a bronchial anomaly depends on the underlying lung disease.