• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 1995

Let F be a life distribution with finite mean $\mu$ Then F is said to be in new better then worse than used in expectation (NBWUE(p)) class if $\varphi(u) {\geq} u$ for $0 {\leq}u{\leq}t_0$ and ${\varphi}(u) {\leq} u$ for $t_0< u {\leq} 1$ where ${\varphi}(u)$ is the scaled total-time-on-test transform and $p=F(t_0)$. We propose a testing procedure for $H_0$ : F is exponential against $H_1$ : NBWUE(p), and is not expontial, (or $H_1\;'$ : F is NWBUE (p), and is not exponential) using randomly censored data. Our procedure assumes kmowledge of the proportion p of the population that fail at or before the change-point $\t_0$. Know ledge of $\t_0$ itself is not assumed. The asymptotic normality of the test statistic is established and a Monte Carlo experiment is performed to investigate the speed of convergence of the test statistic to normality. The power of our test is also studied.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.48-57
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between perceived smartphone addiction and physical and mental health among female college students. Methods: Data were collected using a questionnaire to measure perceived smartphone addiction and physical and mental health of 314 female students attending a college located in D city from April 9 to May, 31, 2019. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, 𝑥² test, t-test and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS 18. Results: The respondents were classified into two groups, the perceived smartphone addiction group (29.3%) and the perceived smartphone non-addiction group (70.7%). Perceived smartphone addiction was significantly different according to daily smartphone usage time (p<.001), smartphone usage fee (p=.005), most satisfying thing about using smartphones (p=.006) and importance of smartphones in daily life (p<.001). The perceived smartphone addiction group had more physical health problems (p=.001) and more mental health problems (p<.001). The factors affecting physical health were perceived smartphone addiction and importance of smartphones in daily life, with 62% of explanatory power (F=10.15, p<.001). As for mental health, the affecting factors were also perceived smartphone addiction and importance of smartphones in daily life, with 87% of explanatory power (F=14.52, p<.001). Conclusion: It is important to raise awareness of smartphone addiction including its negative impact on physical and mental health, reduce smartphone usage time, and build offline social relationships.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.110-121
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• 2000

This study was designed to develop the life moking cessation program with multidisciplinary approach using the Bandura's theory of self-efficacy and confirm the effect of it on the self-efficacy and smoking amount in college students. For this purpose non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. The participating subjects in this study were 46 male college freshmen, 23 in experimental and 23 in control group. The experimental group received the 8 sessions of lecture and small group discussions for 4 weeks and a telephone coaching program for a period of 8 weeks. The control group received 5 sessions of lecture without further treatments. The data was collected from March 15 to June 11, 1999, and analysed by SAS/PC program with $\chi$$^2$test, simple t, paired t test. The results were as follows. 1. The score of self-efficacy was significantly increased over time in the experimental group than those of the control group. 2. The amount of urine cotinine was decreased over time in the experimental group, number of cigarettes smoked a day were significantly decreased, and they were significantly less than those of the control group. In conclusion it was found that the Life Smoking Cessation Program with Multidisciplinary Approach was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self efficacy and reducing the amount of smoking in male college students. Therefore, future smoking cessation programs should always consider the concept of self-efficacy and ways to positively reinforce it.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2000

The optimum conditions for the half-life time and residual analysis of the iminoactadine triacetate fungicide on soils were investigated by using the gas chromatography. Iminoctadine triacetate(IOTA) was extracted from soils with 2.0 M-NaOH/methanol and chloroform. The extracted IOTA was derivatized to pyrimidine hexafluroacetylacetone by the acetylation and analyzed with GC/ECD after elimination of moisture and impurities on the Sep-Pak column. From the standard addition experiments with 0.1 and 1.0 ppm, the average recoveries were ranged from 83.8 to 93.2 % and the detection limit was 0.005 ppm. The half-life time of iminoctadine triacetate in the silty clay was 30 days in the laboratory and 19.5 days in the field test whereas it was 27 days and 17.5 days for each in case of silty loam.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.75-78
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• 2014

Sparganosis, an infection due to the plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei, are found worldwide but the majority of cases occur in East Asia including Korea. This report is on a recurred case of sparganosis in the subcutaneous tissue of the right lower leg 1 year after a surgical removal of a worm from a similar region. At admission, ultrasonography (USG) of the lesion strongly suggested sparganosis, and a worm was successfully removed which turned out to be a sparganum with scolex. Since sparganum has a variable life span, and may develop into a life-threatening severe case, a patient once diagnosed as sparganosis should be properly followed-up for a certain period of time. Although imaging modalities were useful for the diagnosis of sparganosis as seen in this case, serological test such as ELISA should also be accompanied so as to support the preoperative diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to find a way to improve the stability and quality of urinalysis by checking the changes in the measurement values of representative clinical chemistry test items according to the repeated freezing and thawing before the urine test and the thawing process. All subjects were 10 healthy males, and the freeze and thaw stability test was performed using their urine samples. In the case of micro-albumin and amylase, there was no statistical significance at 37℃ with time, but at 42℃ and 60℃, there was a statistically significant change in the results with time. There were statistically significant changes in BUN, creatinine, uric acid, and glucose. As a result of long-term stability, after 7 days, glucose mutation increased and amylase decreased at 60℃. In the case of glucose and amylase, there was a statistically significant change in the results over time. To obtain accurate test results, accurate standardization of urinalysis including appropriate collection, storage, and storage methods of urine samples is required and systematic study of conditions for securing stability for each biomaterial is required.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.228-233
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• 2004

The characteristics of the probability distribution for mechanical properties, e.g. tensile strength, reduction of area ana elongation, for STS304 stainless steel in elevated temperature were investigated from tensile test performed by constant cross head speea controls with 1mm/min, Recently, in order to clarify the strengthening mechanisms at high temperature, a new scheme to improve high temperature mechanical properties is desired. Therefore, the test ,technique development of high temperature creep behaviors for this material is very important. In this paper, the creep praperties and creep life prediction by Larson-Miller parameter method for STS304 stainless steel to be used for other high temperature components were presented at the elevated temperatures of 600, 650 and $700^{\circ}C$.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2022

The prevalence of developmental disabilities is increasing worldwide over time. Developmental issues in infancy or early childhood may cause learning difficulties or behavioral problem in school age, further adversely affecting adolescent quality of life, which finally lead to low socioeconomic status in family, increase in medical expenses, and other relevant issues in various ways. Early childhood has brain plasticity, which means there is a high chance of recovering from developmental issues by early detection and timely intervention. Pediatricians are placed an ideal position to meet with young children till 6 years of age, of which age range is the time applicable to early intervention. Determining child's developmental status can be made by 2 pathways such as developmental surveillance and developmental screening tests. For better results, pediatricians should update their knowledge about developmental issues, risk factors, and screening techniques through varying educational program or other relevant educating materials. This paper will update reports on the prevalence of developmental disabilities and review the recent results of the Korean developmental screening test and discuss relevant issues. Finally, it will be addressed the pediatrician's role in early detecting developmental issues and timely intervention.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2020

Purpose: D-dimer levels are known to be associated with poor outcomes in patients with various cancers, but their significance at the end of life remains unclear. This study investigated D-dimer levels as a prognostic indicator for terminal cancer patients in the last hours of life. Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at a palliative care unit of a tertiary cancer center, using a database to analyze the records of patients treated from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018. In total, 67 terminal cancer patients with available data on D-dimer levels were included. Patients' demographic data, clinical information, and laboratory values, including D-dimer levels, were collected. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. A Cox proportional-hazards model was used to identify prognostic factors of poor survival. Results: The most common site of cancer was the lung (32.8%) and the median survival time was 5 days. Most laboratory results, particularly D-dimer levels, deviated from the normal range. Patients with high D-dimer levels had a significantly shorter survival time than those with low D-dimer levels (4 days vs. 7 days; P=0.012). In the Cox regression analysis, only a high D-dimer level was identified as a predictor of a poor prognosis (hazard ratio, 1.83; 95% confidence interval, 1.09~3.07). Conclusion: Our results suggest that at the very end of life, D-dimer levels may serve as a prognostic factor for survival in cancer patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.3889-3901
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• 2015

This study was examined the effects of social capital influenced on health related quality of life of old-old-elderly of more than 70-year-old. The subjects were 258 people of old-old-elderly of more than 70-year-old who dwell in M city. The first, October 15 to November 15, 2013, the second, December 1 to 30, 2014 were surveyed. The data were analyzed with SPSS Statistics 18.0 and the structural equation modeling of AMOS 21.0. The Sobel test was conducted to analyze the statistical significance of the mediated effects. The factors of health-related quality of life were influenced significantly by gender, education level, whether or not exercise, amount of sleeping time, family can be a help request, relatives can be a help request, general trust. In the results of the test of the research model, social capital was found to directly affect health behavior, and health behavior was found to directly affect health related quality of life. Therefore, social capital was found to indirectly affect health related quality of life. Social capital of old-old elderly of more than 70-year-old can be recognized as one of the factors influencing their health related quality of life. The results suggest that policy should be established to increasing the level of social capital and improved the health related quality of life.