• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.36-45
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• 2005

It is a study about an architectural agreement of Japan. For will including in the near future, new system need to solve people misunderstanding worrying about excessive restriction, and strive for interests among construction, as well as it is helpful to central administration for system propulsion finance and regional administration having to work practical. The study first introducing new system in Korea, consist of Agreement of purpose and contents(Period, Boundary, Management, Renewal, Disuse).

• 프린팅코리아
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.84-84
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• 2010

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.65
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• pp.57-61
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• 2008

정부가 내주 중에 한미 자유무역협정(FTA) 비준동의안을 국회에 제출할 예정이다. 이혜민 외교통상부 FTA 교섭대표는 "비준동의안 국회제출에 필요한 절차는 모두 마친 상태, 당정간 협의를 거쳤으며 내주에 비준동의안을 국회에 낼 계획"이라고 말했다. 지난 주 사실상 타결된 한.인도 CEPA(포괄적 경제동반자 협정)에 대해 이 대표는 인도가 일본, 유럽연합(EU) 등 이들 선진국과의 협상에 시간이 걸릴 것으로 전망하였으며 이번 협상에서 인도 측은 상품에 따라 관세를 협정 발효와 함께 즉시 또는 5년 내 철폐 방안과 8년 내 관세 축소 방안, 8년 뒤 1-1.5% 관세인하 방안, 10년 내 기존 관세를 50% 감축하는 방안에 대해 우리 측과 합의했다.협상이 진행중인 한.EU FAT는 오는 7일과 19일 각각 수석대표 회담과 통상장관 회담을 갖고 자동차 기술표준과 원산지 등 핵심쟁점에 대한 절충을 벌일 예정이다

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2006

It is a study about an architectural agreement contents of Kyoto in Japan. For will including in the near future, new system need to solve people misunderstanding worrying about excessive restriction, and strive for interests among construction, as well as it is helpful to central administration for system propulsion finance and regional administration having to work practical. This study is about an Architectural rule on the architectural agreement contents in agreement of residents. Because This rule is necessary to introduce in Korea, because is possible to conserve regional characteristic in urban.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.485-494
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• 2016

The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the impact and determinants of bilateral Free Trade Agreements on international total bulk shipment trade volume at the port of Korea using the Panel Gravity Model. The model estimates the aggregated panel data of exports and imports (excluding transshipment) as a dependent variable during the period from 1996 to 2015. GDP, GDP per capita, distances between bilateral countries, and FTA dummies are included as independent variables. And the economic integration of FTAs including ASEAN+3 and NAFTA3 countries were used as dummy variables. Study results show that GDP and GDP per capita have positive impacts on bulk shipment trade volume at the port of Korea. In addition, Korea's bilateral FTAs with Singapore, India and the United States have positive effects on total bulk trade volume in Korea. This is the so called trade creation effect. On the other hand, ASEAN+3 and NAFTA have negative effects on the total bulk trade. This is the so called trade diversion effect. Also, the distance between Korea and its trade partners has a negative impact. These findings provide insights for: further academic research, site operators who work in related trade and maritime sectors, and policy makers engaged in port and maritime operations. The results can be used to develop strategies for maximizing bulk port throughput.

• Journal of Korea Ship Safrty Technology Authority
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• s.31
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• pp.4-13
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• 2011

어선 안전에 관한 최초의 국제 협약인 1977 어선안전을 위한 토레몰리노스 국제협약(77 협약)을 대체한 1993 토레몰리노스 의정서(93 의정서)는 현재 그 발효요건이 충족되지 못하여 전 세계적으로 발효되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 국제해사기구(IMO)는 93 의정서의 요건을 완화하여 각 국의 비준을 촉진시킬 목적으로 "1993 토레몰리노스 의정서 시행에 관한 협정"의개발을 해당 전문위원회인 복원성, 만재흘수선, 어선안전 전문위원회의 우선과제로 추진하고 있고, 제53차 회의(SLF 53, 2011. 1월)까지 동 협정 또는 총회결의의 초안 작업을 완료하여, 최종적으로 제27차 IMO 총회(2011. 11월)에서 이를 채택할 계획으로 논의를 진행하고 있다. 따라서 이러한 국제적인 움직임에 대응하고 동 의정서의 발효에 대비하여 우리나라에 미치는 파급효과를 최소화하기 위한 활동의 일환으로 공단이 수행한 "농림수산식품부의 2010년 수산기술개발사업"인 "1993 토레몰리노스 의정서 시행에 관한 협정 개발 대응연구"의 일부로써, 본 연구는 "선박안전" 제29호 및 제30호에 게재된 "1993 토레몰리노스 의정서의 시행에 관한 IMO의 활동"에 이어 최근 IMO의 회의 결과를 담고 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.261-281
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• 1999

본 연구는 우리나라를 비롯한 미국, 영국, 독일, 일본시장을 대상으로 환율과 주가의 선후행 결합관계를 검정해 보고 선행변수가 원인변수가 될 수 있는가에 대한 인과관계를 검정해 보고자 시도되었다. 이를 위해서 1980년부터 1997년까지를 분석기간으로 교차상관관계검정과 인과 관계검정을 시도해 보았다. 우선 AIC에 따른 최적시차를 대상으로 교차상관관계에 대한 Ljung-Box Q 통계량 검정을 실시한 결과 한국, 영국, 독일의 경우에는 환율이 주가에 선행결합하는 것으로 나타났으나 미국, 일본은 유의적인 관계가 도출되지 않았다. 또한 안정적 시계열자료를 대상으로 Granger, Sims, Geweke-Meese-Dent 모형에 따라 인과관계를 검정해 본 결과에서는 한국, 영국, 독일의 경우에는 환율변동률이 주식수익률에 대한 일방적 원인변수로 나타났다. 이를 환율변동의 크기에 따라 루브르 협정 이전과 이후로 구분해서 검정해 본 결과 환율변동이 매우 심했던 협정 이전 기간에는 한국과 영국의 일부 모형에서만 환율변수가 유의적인 원인변수로 작용하였지만 환율변동이 작았던 협정 이후 기간에는 한국, 영국, 독일을 대상으로 모든 검정모형에서 유의적인 인과관계가 나타났다. 반면에 미국, 일본의 경우에는 분석기간 전체뿐만 아니라 루브르 협정 이전과 이후를 구분하더라도 유의적인 인과관계가 나타나지 않았다. 이는 미국, 일본의 대외무역의존도가 20%대 수준에 머물고 있어서 상대적으로 40%대 이상의 대외무역의존도를 기록하고 있는 한국, 영국, 독일과는 다른 결과가 도출된 것이라고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 대외무역의존도가 높은 한국, 영국, 독일에서는 환율이 주가에 비해 선행하여 변동한다고 볼 수 있다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.221-246
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• 2012

The purpose of this study aims to analyse the case on the violation of the Agreement on WTO-TRIMs in the China with auto parts case. The Agreement on Trade Related Investment Measures(TRIMs) are rules that apply to the domestic regulations, a country applies to foreign investors, often as part of an industrial policy. The agreement was agreed upon by all members of the WTO. The TRIMs Agreement bans any laws, policies or administrative regulations favouring domestic products. This includes government incentives to encourage corporations to use domestically made products as a way of creating or protecting local jobs. The Agreement on TRIMs is only one such restriction within the broader WTO regime. Policies such as local content requirements and trade balancing rules that have traditionally been used to both promote the interests of domestic industries and combat restrictive business practices are now banned. In many ways the Agreement on WTO-TRIMs is less significant than the WTO agreements on services, etc. The TRIMs Agreement does not involve any new rules or disciplines, referring only to the existing provisions under the GATT. However, by enforcing GATT provisions on 'national treatment', this short and simple agreement has had farreaching effects on auto parts, etc. Meanwhile, China has been members of the WTO late 2001, once the measures imposed high-rate tariff for import parts was intended to regulate importer of auto parts in order to avoid the high-rate tariff.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.69-97
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• 2017

This study purpose to examine the importer's risks that may arise from origin investigation by Customs authorities. We have drawn the important factors affecting the application of FTA preferential tariffs and divided the stages from the conclusion of the contract for the importer to the undergoing origin investigation. In addition, we demonstrate empirically that the risks that arise in areas where importers are difficult to control exist. As a management method of the uncontrollable risk from the importer, we have provided the methods that the seller stipulated the seller's responsibility in the trade contract, prepared for situations in which no one was responsible, and formulated a friendly and cooperative supply chain. Even if the seller's liability is clarified in the contract for sale, the risk of the investigation into the origin of the imported goods is not completely eliminated. This is because, under the current agreement and system, there is no way for the customs authority of the contracting party of the FTA to claim compensation for damages incurred by importers due to breach of agreement such as not returning the result of the origin verification. Importers are subject to customs duties, but there may actually be situations in which no one is responsible for them.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-129
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• 2010

This study does the logistic regression analysis in a survey how Korean Small and Medium Enterprises(SMEs) recognize the effects of the Korea-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership (CEPA) on their business activities and strategies. The results show that Korean SMEs which have relatively more employees and bigger size in terms of sales have interest in the Korea-India CEPA. In particular, the SMEs which are engaged in their business activities with India have more interest in the CEPA than those that have not any business relations with India. However, the results show that they will not enter or expand their business fields in India even though the CEPA starts. It implies that Korean SMEs recognize that the CEPA will not affect their business significantly. Thus, this study has a policy implication for government to adopt/establish policies for SMEs utilizing the CEPA. It includes information services about the CEPA, India markets, a political corporation between the Governments for improving the partnerships in the trade and FDI and so on.