• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.595-600
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• 1989

Protein-polysaccharides(PP) extracted from four species of gulfweed, fusiforme, sea-mustard and sea-tangle were examined for antitumor activity toward sarcoma-180 implanted in mice, ICR. Polysaccharides in protein-polysaccharides extracted from gulfweed, fusiforme, sea-mustard and sea-tangle were 61.48, 55.61, 34.06 and 30.28%, respectively. Monosaccharides of four seaweeds consisted of glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose and xylose, and major amino acids consisted of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, cystein, valine and glycine. Antitumor activity of the protein-polysaccharides extracted from sea-mustard showed the highest inhibition ratio of 69.76% when PP was injected to the mice at the dose of 100mg/Kg/day. PP of sea-tangle showed the maximum survival ratio of 25.22% when injected at the dose of 100mg/Kg/day.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.15
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• 2024

Background: Axitinib, a potent and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase 1,2 and 3, is used in chemotherapy because it inhibits tumor angiogenesis by blocking the VEGF/VEGFR pathway. In veterinary medicine, attempts have been made to apply tyrosine kinase inhibitors with anti-angiogenic effects to tumor patients, but there are no studies on axitinib in canine mammary gland tumors (MGTs). Objectives: This study aimed to confirm the antitumor activity of axitinib in canine mammary gland cell lines. Methods: We treated canine MGT cell lines (CIPp and CIPm) with axitinib and conducted CCK, wound healing, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays. Additionally, we evaluated the expression levels of angiogenesis-associated factors, including VEGFs, PDGF-A, FGF-2, and TGF-β1, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, we collected canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), activated them with concanavalin A (ConA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and then treated them with axitinib to investigate changes in viability. Results: When axitinib was administered to CIPp and CIPm, cell viability significantly decreased at 24, 48, and 72 h (p < 0.001), and migration was markedly reduced (6 h, p < 0.05; 12 h, p < 0.005). The apoptosis rate significantly increased (p < 0.01), and the G2/M phase ratio showed a significant increase (p < 0.001). Additionally, there was no significant change in the viability of canine PBMCs treated with LPS and ConA. Conclusion: In this study, we confirmed the antitumor activity of axitinib against canine MGT cell lines. Accordingly, we suggest that axitinib can be applied as a new treatment for patients with canine MGTs.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.211-224
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• 2002

Background and Objective : In order to investigate the effects of Gilgyunglwedok-tang (GRT) on antitumor activity and antimetastatic activity, studies were done experimentally. Materials and Methods : Experimental studies were perfonned for the cytotoxic effect on BALB/c mouse lung fibroblast cells, the proliferating effect of splenic lymphocyte, the expression of CD3e/CD4, CD3e/CD8, and B220 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the cytotoxic effect on A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, MCF-7 cells, the inhibitory effect on the activity of DNA topoisomerase I, the T/C% in ICR mice bearing S-180, the inhibitory effect of Cell adhesive of A549 Cells and SK-OY-3 Cells to complex extracellular matrix, the inhibitory effect on lung colonies, the change of lung tissue, the antiangiogenic activity, and the effect on MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene expression in the RT1080 cell line. Results and Conclusion : The results were obtained as follows : 1. In the cytotoxic effect on BALB/C mouse lung fibroblast Cell, GHT didn't show the significant cytotoxic effect on BALB/C mouse lung fibroblast cell compared to the control group. 2. In thymidine uptake assay, GHT showed the significant proliferating effect of splenic lymphocyte in proportion to the concentration. 3. In the expression of CD3e/CD4, CD3e/CD8, and B220 in peripheral blood mononuclea cells (PBMCs) of mice, GRT had no significant change to the normal group in CD4. However, GRT showed an increase to the normal group in CD8 and GHT in the only $1\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ category showed an increase to the normal group in B220. 4. In the cytotoxic effect of GRT on A549, SK-OY-3, SK-MEL-2 and MCF-7 cells, there was no significant cytotoxic effect compared to the control group. 5. In the inhibitory effect on the activity of DNA topoisomerase I, GHT in the $10\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ category showed the inhibitory effect on the activity of DNA topoisomerase I in proportion to the concentration. 6. In the T/C% in ICRmice bearing S-180, GHTtreated group showed 123.7% of T/C% compared to the control group. 7. In the inhibitory effect of cell adhesive of A549 Cells and SK-OV-3 Cells to complex extracellular matrix, GRT in the only $100\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ category showed the significant inhibitory effect compared to the control group. 8. In the inhibitory effect on lung colonies, GHT showed the significant inhibitory effect on lung colonies compared to the control group. 9. In the change of lung tissue, GHT showed a significant decrease of lung cancer growth, interalveolar fibrosis and hyaline material compared to the control group. In the development of lymphocyte around lung cancer cells and lung parenchymal, GHT showed the significant inducement efficacy compared to the control group. 10. In CAM assay, the antiangiogenic activity of GHT showed 30%. 11. In the effect on MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene expression in the RT1080 cell line, GHT had no significant inhibitory effect on MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene expression compared to the control group. According to the above results, it could be suggested that GHT has an antitumor activity and antimetastatic activity.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.24 no.1 s.76
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• pp.17-24
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• 1996

For screening of biological activities of culture broth of some wood rotting basidiomycetes, antimicrobial activity, plant growth regulating activity, antitumor activity, and various enzyme activities were checked. Coriolus versicolor 5129 and C. pubescens 5131 strains showed inhibition activity against gram-positive bacteria and Lenzites betulina 8029 strain showed the activity against gram-negative bacteria. L. betulina 8085 inhibited the growth of both bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi. All of tested basidiomycetes inhibited the germination and growth of radish and cabbage at concentration of 0.8ml/ml. Especially, Fomitopsis pinicolor 8059 and Fomitella fraxinea 8084 showed strong inhibition activity. In contrast, Bjerkandera adusta 8054 stimulated the growth of cabbage and radish at concentration of 0.4 and 0.2ml/ml. All polysaccharides from tested basidiomycetes showed anti-tumor activity against sarcoma 180 and the stronger antitumor activity was observed in L. betulina 8029 and unidentified 8058 strain. All tested basidiomycetes had also an ability to degrade cellulose and lignin.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.440-448
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• 1995

Fitty two flavones were synthesized from polyoxygenated dibenzoylmethanes which were obtained by a modified Baker-Venkatarman rearrangement, of 2-benzoyl oxyacetophenones. The following flavones among them showed good cytotoxic activities against L1210 and HL60 cells ; 2'-benzoyloxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone $(8.2{\mu}g/ml,{\;}5.0 {\mu}g/ml)$, 2'-benzyloxy-5,7,8-trimethoxyflavone $(5,9 {\mu}g/ml,{\;}11.0{\mu}g/ml,{\;}2.7{\mu}g/ml)$, 2'-hydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxyflavone $(9.8{\mu}/ml,{\;}6.2{\mu}g/ml)$, 2'-benzyloxy-5-hydroxyflavone $(5.2 {\mu}g/ml,{\;}3.6{\mu}g/ml)$, and 5,2'-dihydroxyflavone $(5.1{\mu}g/ml,{\;}4.0{\mu}g/ml)$. Presence of 5-methoxy group potentiated the cytotoxic activity, while the existence of 7-methoxy group decreased the activity. 5-Hydroxy or methoxy activates 4-carbonyl group, while 7-methoxy group deactivates the acrbonyl group. From these observation it was concluded that the activation of carbonyl group at C-4 of a flavone is important for the enahncement of the cytotoxic activity. The presence of both 5-hydroxy and 2-benzyloxy-or 2-hydroxy group enhanced the antitumor activity; 2'-benzyloxy-5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflaone 9T/C=144%), 5.2'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (T/C=132%) and 5,2'-dihydroxy-6,78,6' trtramethoxyflvone (T/C = 172%) 2'hexanolytion of 5,2'-dihydroxy-flavones did not improve the natitumor activity; 2' hexanoyloxy-5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone showed T/C = 132%, about the same as that of 5,2'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflvone (T/C=130%)

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.49-66
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• 1981

The objectives of this investigation were to produce artificially an antitumor constituent by submerged culture of the mycelium of Coriolus versicolor (Fr.) Quel., to characterize the influence of various modifications of the nutrient and culture conditions with respect to the pro­duction, to determine chemical composition of the antitumor constituent, and to examine effects of the constituent on the immune response of mice. Submerged agitation of the mycelium in flasks containing a nutrient solution showed its adequate growth. Especially the mycelial growth in the medium containing glucose and yeast extract was abundant. The addition of cotton seed flour or ginseng waste to the medium increased the yield of mycelial growth and the production of the antitumor constituent. The replacement of glucose with starch also yielded the adequate growth. The antitumor constituent extracted from the mycelium and isolated from the culture filtrate was a protein-bound polysaccharide. The analyses of this constituent by GLC and amino acid autoanalysis showed that it contained four monosaccharides and fifteen amino acids. The protein-free polysaccharide of the constituent was also found to exert greater antitumor activity against sarcoma-180 in mice than the entire constituent. The antitumor constituent was found to potentiate the immune response of mice against sheep red blood cell. The protein-bound polysaccharide exerted more favorable influence on the immunity than the protein-free moiety.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.31 no.1 s.57
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• pp.103-114
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• 1995

Platinum coordination complexes are currently one of the most compounds used in the treatment of solid tumors. However, its use is limited by severe side effects such as renal toxicity. Our platinum-based drug discovery program is aimed at developing drugs capable of diminishing toxicity and improving antitumor activity. We synthesized new Pt (Ⅱ) complex analogue containing 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (dach) as carrier ligand and 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino) ethane (DPPE) as a leaving group. Furthermore, nitrate was added to improve the solubility. A new series of [Pt(trans-ddach)(DPPE).$2NO_3(PC)$ was synthesized and characterized by their elemental analysis and by various spectroscopic techniques [infrared (IR), $^{13}carbon$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)]. PC demonstrated acceptable antitumor activity aganist P388, L-1210 lymphocytic leukemia cells and SK=OV3 human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells, and significant. activity as compared with that. cisplatin. The toxicity of PC was found quite less than thar of cisplatin using MTT, $[^3H]$ thymidine uptake and glucose consumption tests in rabbit proximal tubule cells, human kidney cortical cells and human renal cortical tissues. Based on these results, this novel platinum compound represent a valuable lead in the development of a new anticancer chemotherapeutic agent capable of improving antitumor activity and low toxicity.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.951-956
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to prepare black ginseng and evaluate its antitumor activity. In order to achieve such aim, 5 year fresh ginsenges were steamed at 95'E for 3 hr in pottery apparatus and dried at $60^{\circ}C$ for 12-36 hr. This process was repeated again nine times in same condition. Among the ginseng saponins in black ginseng, the amount of Ginsenoside $Rg_3$ was examined by HPLC. 10.05 mE of Ginsenoside $Rg_3$ was obtained from 1 g of dried black ginseng prepared. The extract of black ginseng exhibited stronger cytotoxic activity against MCF-1, HT-1080 and Hepa 1C1C7 tumor cell lines in vitro than the extract of red ginseng. Also, the extract of black ginseng exhibited stronger antitumor activity(33%) in BDFl mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma cells(LLC) than the extract of red ginseng(23%). From these results, it was concluded that Black ginseng had antitumor activity suggesting its application for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.131-139
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• 1985

To find antitumor constituents in the shake cultured mycelia of Agaricus campestris, the mycelia were extracted with hot water. Purification of the extract was carried out by ethanol precipitation and by ion exchange chromatography using DEAE-Sephadex A-50. Each fraction obtained during the purification procedure was examined for antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 in ICR mice. The antitumor fraction C was isolated. It showed 56.1% inhibition ratio at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day and consisted of a polysaccharide moiety (45%) and a protein moiety (18%). The polysaccharide was analyzed by G.L.C. and found to contain mannose (42.0%), glucose (25.5%), xylose (16.6%), fucose and galactose. The protein moiety was composed of 17 amino acids. The antitumor fraction A showed immunopotentiating activity by accumulating peritoneal macrophages and by increasing plaque-forming cells in mice.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 1999

In the present study, we have evaluated cytotoxic effects, antitumor activities and metastasis inhibitory effects of Palsun brewing water in NIH 3T3 cells, human epitheloid carcinoma cells, and human skin melanoma cells. The light microscopic study showed morphological changes, AG-NOR (argyrophylic nucleolar organizer region) by silver chloride stain, and glycoprotein by PAS (periodic acid stain) reaction of the treated cells. Disruptions in cell organelles were determined by colorimetric methods; MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide) and SRB (sulforhodamine B protein) assays. These results suggest that Palsun Brewing Water retains no cytotoxic effects in NIH 3T3 cells and a growth-inhibitory activity in cancer cell lines.