• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2008

Novel amylase inhibitors were synthesized via transglycosylation by Thermotoga maritima glucosidase (TMG). TMG hydrolyzes acarbose, acarviosine-glucose, and maltooligosaccharide by releasing $^{14}C$-labeled glucose from the reducing end of each molecule. When TMG was incubated with acarviosine-glucose (the donor) and glucose (the acceptor), two major transfer products, compounds 1 and 2, were formed via transglycosylation. The structures of the transfer products were determined using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance ion chromatography (HPIC), and $^{13}C$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The results indicate that acarviosine was transferred to glucose at either C-6, to give a $\alpha-(1{\rightarrow}6$) glycosidic linkage, or at C-3, to produce an $\alpha-(1{\rightarrow}3$) glycosidic linkage. The transfer products showed a mixed-type inhibition against porcine pancreatic $\alpha$-amylase; therefore, they may be useful not only as inhibitors but also as acarbose transition-state analogs to study the mechanism of amylase inhibition.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2003년도 제39회 학술심포지움
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• pp.23-37
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• 2003

A novel inhibitor against maltose-producing a-amylase was prepared via stepwise degradation of a high molecular weight acarbose (HMWA) using Thermus maltogenic amylase (ThMA). The structure of the purified inhibitor was determined to be ${\alpha}$-D-glucopyranosyl-${\alpha}$-acarviosinyl-D-glucopyranose (GlcAcvGlc). Progress curves of p-nitrophenyl-${\alpha}$-D-maltoside (PNPG2) hydrolysis by various amylolytic enzymes, including maltogenase (MGase), ThMA, and cyclodextrinase(CDase) I-5, in the presence of acarbose or GlcAcvGlc indicated a slow-binding mode of inhibition. The inhibition potency of GlcAcvGlc for MGase, ThMA, and CDase I-5 was 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of acarbose.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.308-315
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• 2011

연구는 강원도 자생 산채류의 다양한 약리 기능 중 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, ${\alpha}$-amylase, lipase 효소 저해활성이 우수한 식물소재를 탐색하는데 있다. 강원도 양구, 평창, 태백에서 자생하고 있는 산채 90종을 채집하여 물과 에탄올로 각각 추출하였다. 항비만 활성 탐색은 ${\alpha}$-amylase, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, lipase 저해활성을 검정하였다. 그 결과 산채 90종 중 ${\alpha}$-amylase 활성 저해능이 높은 식물로 에탄올 추출물 3종, 물추출물 2종, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성 저해능이 높은 식물로 에탄올 추출물 13종, 물 추출물 3종, lipase 활성 저해능이 높은 식물로 에탄올 추출물 7종, 물 추출물 1종이 선발되었다. 향후 본 연구결과는 비만과 당뇨 등 대사성 질환에 대해 예방 혹은 치료 효과가 있는 기능성식품으로 개발하는데 있어 좋은 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2019

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate antidiabetic activity of Chaturmukha rasa based on streptozotocin induced diabetes model, alpha amylase inhibitory activity, alpha Glucosidase inhibitory activity and inhibition of sucrase. Methods: Chaturmukha rasa was prepared as per Ayurvedic formulary. Antidiabetic activity was measured in experimentally streptozotocin induced rats. The dose was taken as 45 mg/kg, i.p. The antidiabetic activity of Chaturmukha rasa was compared Triphala Kwatha, a marketed formulation. Further In vitro $\acute{\alpha}$- Amylase Inhibitory Assay, In vitro salivary amylase Inhibitory Assay, In vitro ${\alpha}-Glucosidase$ Inhibitory Assay and In vitro Sucrase Inhibitory Assay was performed with respect to Chaturmukha rasa. The IC50 value was calculated for all the above activity. Results: Streptozotocin with Acarbose showed significant decrease in blood glucose level whereas streptozotocin with Triphala kwatha showed more decrease in blood glucose level than Streptozotocin with Acarbose. The combination of Streptozotocin + Triphala kwatha + Chaturmukha rasa showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level on 21st day. In vitro $\acute{\alpha}$- Amylase Inhibitory Assay the Chaturmukha rasa showed IC50 value $495.94{\mu}l$ when compared with Acarbose $427.33{\mu}l$, respectively. In the ${\alpha}-Glucosidase$ Inhibitory Assay Chaturmukha rasa showed IC50 value $70.93{\mu}l$ when compared with Acarbose $102.28{\mu}l$, respectively. In vitro Sucrase Inhibitory Assay Chaturmukha rasa showed IC50 value $415.4{\mu}l$ when compared with Acarbose $371.43{\mu}l$, respectively. Conclusion: This study supports that Chaturmukha rasa may inhibit diabetes by inhibition of salivary amylase or alpha Glucosidase or sucrase. This may be the mechanism by which Chaturmukha rasa inhibits diabetes. Further this study supports the usage of Chaturmukha rasa for the management of diabetes.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.159-168
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• 1998

Effect of plant growth regulators and end-product on the enzyme activities in cotyledons of Vigna angularis during germination was investigated by measuring the changes of $\alpha-amylase$ activities in attached and detached cotyledons applied growth regulators and sugars. The higher levels of $\alpha-amylase$ in detached cotyledons than those in cotyledons attached to the embryonic axis were due to both faster synthesis and slower degradation of the enzyme in the detached cotyledons than in the attached cotyledons. Levels of $\alpha-amylase$ activity were reduced by high concentrations of glucose and sucrose, and it is suggested that this effect was caused mostly by osmotic stress and partly by end-product repression. In detached cotyledons exogenously supplied $GA_3,$ IAA, kinetin, or their combinations has a small promotive effect on the developmental patterns of $\alpha-amylase$ activity ABA and uniconazole both prevented the synthesis of $\alpha-amylase$. Glucose inhibition of enzyme activity was partly reversed by the application of $GA_3,$ and CAMP. $GA_3,$ and cAMP seemed to act through a similar mechanism. The addition of inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis largely prevented the increase of enzyme activity in the presence or absence of exogenous $GA_3,$. The pretreatment experiments with canavanine indicated that the earlier the time of addition was, the lower the amylase activity was.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.293-296
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• 1996

니켈독성의 생물검정에 있어서 지표식물로 무를 이용하였고 수경재배 조건하에서 니켈용액의 농도에 따른 무종자의 발아율, 세포신장, ${\alpha}-amylase$ 활성도, 엽록소, 단백질함량을 조사한 결과 니켈처리농도를 증가시키면 종자의 발아초기에는 농도의존적으로 ${\alpha}-amylase$의 활성도가 크게 저해를 받기 시작하였으며, 발아후 생장단계에서는 엽록소 b와 a의 함량이 크게 저해를 받았다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표회 프로그램
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• pp.229-231
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• 1998

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.541-545
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• 2009

Water and ethanol extracts were prepared from the haesongi mushroom (Hypsizigus marmoreus) to measure functional components. The ability of the extracts to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and their hypoglycemic effects were also determined; the latter was measured by $\alpha$-amylase and glucosidase inhibition. Extraction yield, protein content, total phenol, and $\beta$-glucan in the water extracts were 55.86, 17.71, 1.89, and 21.93%, respectively. The respective values for the ethanol extracts were lower than those for water extracts. Both water and ethanol extracts showed dosedependent ACE inhibition, the effect of the former being greater. The water extract inhibited ACE activity by 95.34% at 40 mg/mL. The $IC_{50}$ values of the water extracts were 63.32 and 0.41 mg/mL for $\alpha$-amylase and glucosidase, respectively. Thus, the water extracts had a greater hypoglycemic effect than the ethanol extracts. From these results, water is a better solvent than ethanol to extract from the haesongi mushroom functional components that show ACE inhibition and have hypoglycemic effects.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 1985

방사선 조사에 의한 발아 억제기작을 살펴보기 위하여 $4^{\circ}C$ 에서 저온 처리 한 감자에 0.12 kGy 감마선을 조사한 후 5주 동안 $20{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 $70{\sim}90%$에서 저장하였다. 이 기간 중 발아에 관여된다고 생각되는 ${\alpha}-amylase$, peroxidase, indole acetic acid (IAA) oxidase, IAA synthesizing enzyme의 활성 변화를 추적하였다. 시판 ${\alpha}-amylase$와 peroxidase의 방사선 감수성은 0.94와 0.36 kGy의 감마선 조사하여 $D_{37}$ 값을 얻었다. 감마선 조사를 행한 감자의 IAA oxidase 역가는 조사후 급격히 증가됐고 IAA 합성 효소의 역가는 조사직후 조금 증가하였으나 저장 기간에 따라 크게 감소하였다. 형태적인 변화에서 조사된 감자에서는 성장점의 고사와 변형된 눈이 관찰되었고 IAA 흑은 gibberellin 등의 처리에 의해 이들 자체로는 회복되지 않았고 그 주위로 새로운 눈의 성장이 관찰되었다. 결론으로 방사선 조사에 의해 야기된 감자의 호흡은 탄수화물이 ${\alpha}-amylase$등의 효소에 의한 분해로 이루어져 ATP를 공급하며 뒤이은 peroxidase 역가의 증가와 같은 효소의 합성은 방사선에 의한 손상을 치유하려는 과정에 속한다 할 수 있다. 또한 눈의 생장점에서의 고사 현상은 손상에 대한 방어 작용의 일종이라 해석되며 이로인한 발아 억제 현상을 페놀 대사와 관련지어 추측할 수 있었고 증가된 IAA oxidase와 IAA 합성계의 파괴에 의한 IAA의 고갈 역시 방사선 조사에 의한 발아 억제 현상의 원인이 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 1985

인삼(人蔘) saponin의 생물학적(生物學的) 활성(活性)을 조사(調査)하기 위하여 세균(細菌) v{\alpha}$-amylase의 작용(作用)에 미치는 인삼(人蔘) saponin의 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. Protopanaxadiol계(系), triol계(系) 및 total saponin 모두 ${\alpha}$-amylase의 활성(活性)을 25, 12, 13%정도(程度) 촉진(促進)시켰다. Diol계(系) saponin첨가(添加)경우 $40^{\circ}C$에서 3분간(分間) 전처리(前處理)함으로서 ${\alpha}$-amylase의 활성(活性)을 20%정도(程度) 촉진(促進)시켰으며 酵素(효소)의 열변성(熱變性)에 대(對)한 보호작용(保護作用)은 protopanaxariol계(系) saponin은 $60^{\circ}C$에서 5분(分)까지는 보호작용(保護作用)이 있었으나 protopanaxadiol계(系) saponin은 오히려 열실활(熱失活)을 촉진(促進)하는 경향이었다. Diol 및 triol계(系) saponin의 산가수분해물(酸加水分解物)이 ${\alpha}$-amylase의 활성(活性)을 diol 및 triol계(系) saponin보다 더 촉진(促進)시켰으며 diol, triol계(系) saponin의 첨가(添加)는 고농도(高濃度)의 기질(基質)이 존재(存在)할 때 기질저해(基質沮害)를 막아주었다.