• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.421-425
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• 2003

The reductive extraction process is an important step to refine the TRU product from the electrorefining process for the preparation of transmutation reactor fuel. In this study, it was studied on the reductive extraction between the eutectic salt and Bi metal phases. The solutes were zirconium and the rare earth elements, where zirconium was used as a surrogate for the transuranic(TRU) elements. All the experiments were performed in a glove box filled with a argon gas. Li-Bi alloy was used as a reducing agent to reduce the high chemical activity of Li. The reductive extraction characteristics were examined using ICP, XRD and EPMA analysis. The reduction reaction was equilibrated within 3 hours after the Li addition. Three eutectic salt systems were compared and Zr was successfully separated from the rare earth elements in all the three salt systems.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.07a
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• pp.533-534
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• 2016

본 논문은 차량용 Built-in 청소기용 SRM(Switched Reluctance Motor) 드라이브 시스템 개발에 대하여 설명한다. 기존의 청소기용 모터는 대부분 영구자석을 사용하는 PMSM 또는 BLDCM이다. 그러나 영구자석의 주 원료인 희토류 광물가격의 상승으로 인해 영구자석형 모터를 대체할 비 희토류 모터(SRM)에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 제작된 차량용 Built-in 청소기용 SRM의 유한요소해석 데이터를 바탕으로 한 Matlab/Simulink 시뮬레이션 및 실제 실험을 통하여 가능성을 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.858-859
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• 2011

고성능과 고효율 전동기인 매입형 영구자석 동기기에 사용되고 있는 희토류계 영구자석은 높은 가격과 수급 문제로 인해 최근 이슈화 되고 있다. 희토류계 영구자석을 대체하여 페라이트 영구자석을 적용할 수 있지만 낮은 잔류자속밀도로 인해 고출력을 얻을 수 없다는 문제점이 있다. 그러나 최근 높은 잔류자속밀도를 가진 고밀도화 페라이트 자석이 출시되면서 이를 적용한 매입형 영구자석 동기기의 특성을 해석할 필요성을 가지게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 고밀도화 페라이트 자석을 이용한 매입형 영구자석 동기기의 특성 해석을 하였다. 특히 영구자석의 재질 변경으로 인해 동기기의 토크와 토크 리플의 변화를 비교하고 코깅 토크에 의한 변화도 비교하였다. 또한 매입형 회전자내에 영구자석의 형상을 1층 및 3층으로 적용하여 구조에 따른 해석을 통해 특성을 비교함으로서 고밀도화 페라이트 자석의 효율적인 적용을 얻기 위한 회전자 구조를 선택하고자 한다. 또한 이를 통해 고밀도화 페라이트 자석의 적용 가능성을 예측하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1186-1188
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 8극 12슬롯 내전형 BLDC 전동기를 기본 모델로 하고, 이를 자기저항법 및 유한요소법을 이용하여 해석 및 설계를 하고자 한다. 본 논문에서 설계대상으로 하는 내전형 BLDC 전동기는 기존에 사용중인 모델로서, 외부의 고정 전기자는 기존의 모델에 맞도록 외경을 그대로 유지하면서 Teeth 등을 설계변수로 하였고, 내부의 회전 자석계자는 기존에는 페라이트 자석을 사용하였으나 전동기의 성능 향상을 위해서 희토류 자석으로 대체하였다. 그리고 이로인한 고정자의 포화가 일어나지 않도록 최적 설계를 하였다. 유한요소법을 적용하여 자속분포, 코깅 토오크, 토오크 등을 해석하였고, 고정자와 슬롯의 최적화를 통하여 토오크 및 전동기의 성능을 향상시켰다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.221-227
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• 2012

High performance permanent magnets have become the subject of considerable attention because of the potential applications in the traction motors of hybrid and electric vehicles and wind generators. Nd-Fe-B magnets have attracted considerable interest due to a large maximum energy product. However, Nd-Fe-B magnet cannot be used in high temperature (${\sim}200^{\circ}C$) applications due to the thermal degradation of coercivity. Therefore, the development of high coercivity Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is a challenging issue. In case of high coercivity Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, an increment in the intrinsic coercivity can be easily achieved by substituting Nd atoms with Dy or Tb atoms. However, these heavy rare-earth elements are known to cause a decrease in remanence due to the antiferromagnetic coupling between Dy and Fe atoms. In addition, Dy is relatively expensive and being limited in quantity. Hence, a new technology that can increase the coercivity of Nd-Fe-B sintered magnet using only a small amount, or even, no amount of heavy rare-earth elements is being investigated. This article describes the research trend in reducing the heavy rare-earth elements in Nd-Fe-B magnets.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.117-122
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• 2021

Permanent magnet synchronous motors can secure high power density and efficiency, but have problems in that the materials required for manufacturing are expensive and design is somewhat more difficult than induction motors. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an optimal motor that considers both efficiency and maintenance convenience and related control research. In addition, driving by a practical motor leads to a request to increase the highest efficiency in a narrow rated range, an increase in average efficiency in the entire electric driving range, and an increase in average output. Due to this movement, a reluctance motor that does not require a permanent magnet is being considered as an alternative. In this paper, in line with the issues of the times that require the development of future technology that can replace rare earth permanent magnet motors and the technological preemption of rare earth reduction motors and rare earth motors, switched reluctance motors without permanent magnet For motor, SRM), modeling through machine language (C language) and the characteristics of SRM accordingly are to be studied.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.153-171
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• 2004

This study was carried out to define the geochemical and mineralogical relationship between stream sediments and regional geology on upstream of Hahn river area. Geochemical characteristic including for major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements of the South and North Hahn river bed sediments are similar to those of acid igneous rocks which are distributed around both Hahn river basin. The chemical variation of major elements against SiO$_2$ and trace elements contents between South and North Hahn river bed sediments doesn't show the difference. REE patterns of both area show a distinct negative Eu anomaly, but total contents of rare earth elements are higher in North Hahn river sediments than South Hahn river sediments. The heavy minerals in the river bed sediments in this study area are identified as tremolite-actinolite, hematiteㆍmagnetite, common hornblende, ilmenite, garnet, epidote, rutile and sphene. In conclusion, it is elucidated that South and North Hahn river bed sediments are being originated from igneous rocks or metamorphic rocks which contains medium-high grade metamorphic minerals and components of originated from sedimentary rocks those of politic or calcareous rocks are eroded away as solution or suspended load.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.257-266
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• 2018

East China Sea (ECS) is known to be supplied with large amounts of sediments form Huanghe, Changjiang and various rivers in Korea. Many studies have been conducted to identify the effects of rivers and deposition process of ECS, but no consensus has been reached. In this study, clay minerals, rare earth elements (REEs) and grain size were analyzed to study the provenance and sedimentation environment of core 99MAP-P63 in ECS. Clay mineral contents of 99MAP-P63 are abundant in order of illite, chlorite, kaolinite, and smectite. The provenance of 99MAP-P63 sediments using clay minerals is interpreted as the Changjiang regardless of depth. As a result of REEs analysis, 99MAP-P63 sediments are very similar to Chinese rivers sediments. Therefore, the provenance of 99MAP-P63 is Changjiang, and the influence of Korean river seems to be insignificant. 99MAP-P63 sediments are generally classified as sandy silt, but the top of the core is divided into sand with a sand contents of 85 %. Compared with surrounding cores, sandy silt sediments arecorresponded to the low stand stage when sea-level was low, and the sediments were thought to have been supplied directly through the paleo-Changjiang. Sandy sediments in uppermost of core are corresponded to transgressive stage. Although distance from estuary was increased due to sea-level rise, it was possible to supply coarse sediments due to high bottom stress, and the paleo-Changjiang sediments deposited in study area were re-deposited.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.284-287
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• 2011

Microstructures and tensile properties at ambient and elevated temperatures were studied by substituting RE for Sr in Mg-6%Al-(3-X)%RE-X%Sr alloys (X = 0~3). With increasing Sr content, $Al_4Sr$ phase with lamellar morphology was newly introduced at interdendritic regions, with a gradual extinction of needle-shaped $Al_4RE$. The Mg-6%Al-3%Sr alloy shows dendritic grains and interdendritic eutectic phases containing bulky Mg-Al-Sr and lamellar $Al_4Sr$ with more continuous manner. The substitution of Sr for RE provided higher YS, UTS and creep resistance at $175^{\circ}C$, which indicates that Sr would be more beneficial in tensile properties and creep resistance at elevated temperature than RE for the Mg-Al based casting alloys.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.43-48
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• 2018

An etchant capable of forming a circuit in an FTO film that can replace ITO, which depends on full imports, was prepared. The etching solution is composed of 1 to 30% by weight of fluoride, 1 to 20% by weight of acid, 0.5 to 5% by weight of surfactant, 5 to 20% by weight of solvent, 0.5 to 10% by weight of corrosion inhibitor and the balance of water. This etchant can be etched using a dry film, thereby reducing the cost, and is free from bubbles and residue of the etchant. The characteristics of the etchant were etched in a time of 2 minute with a 100 nm thick FTO, and the etchant temperature was maintained at $50^{\circ}C$. An undercut of -0.00364% was obtained when put into a 2 minute etching solution. No harmful substances such as Cd, Pb, Hg and Cr components were measured. The use of FTO in Korea where rare earths do not exist can achieve localization and import substitution effect.