• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.2017-2023
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• 2000

A dynamic model was applied to compare the environmental parameters and effluent characteristics of refinery wastewater in activated sludge treatment. The measured DO, pH, MLSS, and COD values were compared with the simulated their results in the activated sludge reactor. As results of simulation. good agreements between the measured and simulated results were investigated. The simulated and measured effluent COD were 19.0~19.4mg/L and 23.1mg/L. respectively. The simulated and measured DO were 1.9~2.4mg/L and 2.2mg/L. respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2010

The physiological activities of Strychnos nux-vomica extracts were investigated through the total phenolic contents (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA), comet assay, and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. S. nux-vomica extracts were prepared with methanol, ethanol, and acetone. The methanol extract showed the highest phenolic content (71 mg/100 g gallic acid equivalents). Pretreatment with S. nux-vomica extracts resulted in significant reductions in oxidative DNA damage at all of the concentrations tested ($1{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/mL$). The $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of a methanol extract was 12.8% at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. Therefore, these results indicate that S. nux-vomica might be a noble potential candidate exhibiting antioxidant and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid, and the effect of antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity in vitro by different solvent fractions from Orostachys japonicus. The ethylacetate fraction extract for O. japonicus contained $634.48{\mu}g/g$ polyphenol and $205.20{\mu}g/g$ flavonoid. The ABTS radical scavenging ability of ethylacetate fraction extract at 1 mg/ml was higher than 95% which is comparable to ascorbic acid of 97%. The APX enzymatic activity and CAT activity were $1125.89{\mu}mol$ ascorbate oxidized/min/mg protein and 119.87 H2O2 decomposed/min/mg protein, respectively. In disc agar plate diffusion assay, the extract gave rise to a larger inhibition circle with Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Malassezia furfur strains compared with antibiotics kanamycin suggestive of high antibiotic activity. The cytotoxicity of extracts of O. japonicus was significant differences between solvent fractions. That is, the cytotoxic effect against human cancer cell was higher in ethylacetate fraction extract than other fraction extracts. These results suggest that fraction extract of O. japonicus might be very effective and economical in developing natural antioxidant and antimicrobial.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2011

To produce the functional food materials, 50 kinds of the mycelial extracts from edible mushroom were examined for anticoagulant activity and Phellinus linteus showed the highest activity through the activated partial thromboplastin test (aPTT). The maximum production of anticoagulant activity and the mycelial growth was observed in culture medium containing soluble starch 3.0%, peptone 0.1%, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O^{\circ}C$ 0.1%, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.1% and in the culture conditions controlled at initial pH 7.0, $30^{\circ}C$ and 150 rpm by the rotary shaker. In addition, the maximum production of mycelial dry weight was 7.5 mg/mL after 10 days under the optimal conditions, and anticoagulant activity was reached to 390 sec in 5 L-jar fermentor.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2015

In this study, the properties of strength and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag cement (AASC) with magnesium oxide (MgO) contents between 0 and 16 wt% were investigated. The ground granulated furnace blast slag (GGBFS) was activated by potassium hydroxide (KOH) and dosage of activator was 2M and 4M. The MgO was replaced with 2% to 16% of GGBFS by weight. The water-binder ratio (w/b) was 0.5. In the result, the higher MgO content leads to a slightly higher degree of reaction and thus to a higher compressive strength at all ages. The compressive strength and ultra sonic velocity (UPV) increased with increases MgO contents. The drying shrinkage of AASC was decreased as the contents of MgO increases. The results from SEM confirmed that there were densified reaction product of higher MgO content specimens.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.421-426
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• 2014

In this study, the antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of aqueous methanolic (70% methanol) extract from the roots of Anemarrhena asphodeloides were investigated. The extracts of four solvent fractions (the n-hexane layer, EtOAc layer, n-BuOH layer, and $H_2O$ layer) of the 70% methanol extract were also investigated. Furthermore, the total phenolic content was quantified using a spectrophotometric method. All the tested samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. In particular, the pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of the ethyl acetate soluble portion (the EtOAc layer) from the rhizomes of the A. asphodeloides was higher than that of the other solvent-soluble portions. The antioxidant property of the extracts was evaluated using radical scavenging assays with DPPH and $ABTS^+$ radicals. 1000 mg/ml of the n-BuOH layer extract showed 91.2% DPPH radical scavenging activity. The EtOAc layer extract and the n-BuOH layer extract showed $IC_{50}=20.5{\pm}1.7mg/ml$ and $IC_{50}=50.5{\pm}0.7mg/ml$ $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activities, respectively. The anti-obesity efficacy of the A. asphodeloides extract was tested via porcine pancreatic lipase assay. A pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity ($IC_{50}$) of $31.3{\pm}0.1mg/ml$ was obtained from the EtOAc layer extract. These results suggest that A. asphodeloides can be considered a new potential source of natural antioxidant and anti-obesity agents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.1399-1406
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of Korean traditional soy sauce and its relationship with physicochemical properties. Seventeen samples of soy sauce prepared by using a Korean traditional method were obtained from six provinces of Korea. The most powerful antioxidant activity of soy sauce was ranging from 8.96 to 63.39% for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, from 0.12 to 2.41 AE mg/mL for ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value, and from 8.42 to 115.69 TE mg/mL for oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Protease activity and total polyphenol contents were highly correlated with antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP value (R=0.97). The contents of amino nitrogen were also correlated with DPPH radical scavenging activity (R=0.92), FRAP (R=0.93), and ORAC values (R=0.80). Based on these results, antioxidant activities were highly influenced by protease activity, contents of total polyphenols, and amino nitrogen.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.243.2-243.2
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• 2010

현재 바이오디젤(Bio diesel)은 유지와 메탄올을 염기촉매를 넣고 전이에스테르화(Trans-esterification)반응하여 생산한다. 생산된 1세대 바이오 디젤은 분자 내 산소가 다량 함유되어 여러 가지 단점을 가지기 때문에 전이에스테르화 반응을 대체한 탈산소(Deoxygenation)반응이 주목 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유리지방산(Free fatty acid, FFA)인 올레익 산(Oleic acid)의 탈산소반응을 수행하였다. 하이드로탈사이트(Hydrotalcites) 구조인 MgO-$Al_2O_3$(MgO=70 wt%)를 6시간 동안 $500^{\circ}C$에서 예비소성(Pre-calcination)하여 담체로 사용하였다. 제조된 MgO-$Al_2O_3$ 담체에 함침법(Incipient wetness method)으로 20 wt% Ni을 담지 시켰다. 제조된 Ni/MgO-$Al_2O_3$촉매는 소성온도를 변화시켜 반응 실험을 수행하였다. TPR 분석을 통해 산화-환원특성을 분석하였고 생성물의 원소분석을 통해 생성물의 산소함량을 측정하였다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.4 s.71
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• pp.657-663
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• 2005

Collagenases are generally defined as enzymes that are capable of degrading the polypeptide backbone of native collagen under conditions that do not denature the protein. An extracellular collagenase-producing bacterial strain was isolated from kimchi and identified to be Bacillus subtilis JS-17 through morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Optimum culture condition of Bacillus subtilis JS-17 for the production of collagenase was $1.5\%$ fructose, $1\%$ yeast extract, $0.5\%\;K_2HPO_4,\;0.4\%\;KH_2PO_4,\;0.01\%\;MgSO_4\cdot7H_2O,\;0.01\%\; MnSO_4\cdot4H_2O,\;,0.1\%$ citrate and $0.1\%\;CaCl_2$. The production of collagenase was optimal at $30^{\circ}C$ for 72 hr. A collagenase was isolated from the culture filtrate of Bacillus subtilis JS-17. The enzyme was purified using Amberlite IRA-900 column chromatography, Sephacryl S-300 HR column chromatography and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography The purified collagenase has an specific activity 192.1 units/mg. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 28 kDa by SDS-PACE. The purified collagenase has $100\%$ activity up to $55^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.618-623
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• 2014

Sarijang, a soy sauce made from fermented black soybean (Rhynchosia nulubilis), sulfur fed duck, dried bark of Ulmus davidiana, Allium sativum, and bamboo salt, has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. However, the antioxidant properties of Sarijang have not yet been elucidated. In this study, the antioxidant effects of Sarijang were investigated by determining total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH radical scavenging activity (DPPH RSA), total radical trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and cellular antioxidant capacity (CAC). The inhibitory effects of Sarijang on oxidative stress-induced DNA damage (200 ${\mu}M$ $H_2O_2$, 250 ${\mu}M$ Fe-NTA, and 200 ${\mu}M$ HNE) in human leukocytes were evaluated by comet assay. The TPC of Sarijang was $1.04{\pm}0.01$ mg GAE/mL. DPPH RSA, TRAP, and ORAC values of Sarijang increased in a dose-dependent manner. The $IC_{50}$ for DPPH RSA of Sarijang was $11.2{\pm}0.3$ mg/mL, whereas $IC_{50}$ of TRAP was $209.5{\pm}2.0$ mg/mL. 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative stress and oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells were effectively abrogated by all tested concentrations of Sarijang (1~100 ${\mu}g/mL$). These results suggest that Sarijang has antioxidative activity and protective effects against oxidative DNA damage.