• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.793-799
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• 2018

As interest in artificial intelligence has increased, artificial intelligence has been actively studied in the medical field. In Korea, artificial intelligence has been applied to medical imaging devices such as X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging and artificial intelligence capable of acquiring radiation images of patients without radiologists in the future Medical devices are expected to be invented. This study was an initial study on the automation of patient positioning in X - ray imaging. We used x-ray equipment and human phantoms to evaluate the positioning. The program used Visual Studio 2010 MFC and the image was in the size $1450{\times}1814$. The pixel values were converted to contrasts with values of 0 to 255 that can be visually recognized and output to the monitor. We developed a procedure algorithm program that predicts the angle of the output image through three pixel coordinate values and induces the patient to perform correct positioning according to the voice guidance according to the angle. In the next study, we will study the artificial intelligence to grasp the structure itself and calculate the angle, rather than conveying the reference of coordinates to artificial intelligence. In the future, it is expected that it will be helpful in the study of artificial intelligence from shooting to positioning through the automation of positioning.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was compare to the patient setup deviation of two different type thermoplastic immobilization masks for glottis cancer in the intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). A total of 16 glottis cancer cases were divided into two groups based on applied mask type: standard or alternative group. The mean error (M), three-dimensional setup displacement error (3D-error), systematic error (${\Sigma}$), random error (${\sigma}$) were calculated for each group, and also analyzed setup margin (mm). The 3D-errors were $5.2{\pm}1.3mm$ and $5.9{\pm}0.7mm$ for the standard and alternative groups, respectively; the alternative group was 13.6% higher than the standard group. The systematic errors in the roll angle and the x, y, z directions were $0.8^{\circ}$, 1.7 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5 mm in the alternative group and $0.8^{\circ}$, 1.1 mm, 1.8 mm, and 2.0 mm in the alternative group. The random errors in the x, y, z directions were 10.9%, 1.7%, and 23.1% lower in the alternative group than in the standard group. However, absolute rotational angle (i.e., roll) in the alternative group was 12.4% higher than in the standard group. For calculated setup margin, the alternative group in x direction was 31.8% lower than in standard group. In contrast, the y and z direction were 52.6% and 21.6% higher than in the standard group. Although using a modified thermoplastic immobilization mask could be affect patient setup deviation in terms of numerical results, various point of view for an immobilization masks has need to research in terms of clinic issue.

• Journal of The Korean Radiological Technologist Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.259-259
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• 2002

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.107-110
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• 1989

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2013

Purpose: The way check the movement of the fiducial marker insertion in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer. However the existing methods of fiducial marker verification process difficult to identify the specific location of the marker behind the femur and pelvic bone. So to study the evaluation of maker match with using kilo voltage (KV) X-ray by On-board imager to both oblique verification method. Materials and Methods: Five patients were selected for rectal ballooning and inserted fiducial marker. Compare the position of the fiducial marker of reference plan 2D/2D Anterior/Posterior verification method and 2D/2D both oblique verification method. So to measurement the shift score of X, Y, Z (axis) and measure exposure dose given to patients and compare matching time. Results: 2 dimensional OBI KV X-ray imaging using two-dimensional matching image are orthogonal, so locating fiducial marker matching clear and useful DRR (digital reconstruction radiography) OBI souce angle ($45^{\circ}/315^{\circ}$) matching most useful. 2D/2D both oblique verification method was able to see clearly marker behind the pelvic bone. Also matching time can be reduced accordingly. According to the method of each matching results for each patient in each treatment fraction, X, Y, and Z axis the Mean $value{\pm}SD$ (standard deviation) is X axis (AP/LAT: $0.4{\pm}1.67$, OBLIQUE: $0.4{\pm}1.82$) mm, Y axis (AP/LAT: $0.7{\pm}1.73$, OBLIQUE: $0.2{\pm}1.77$) mm, Z axis (AP/LAT: $0.8{\pm}1.94$, OBLIQUE:$1.5{\pm}2.8$) mm. In addition, the KV X-ray source dose radiation exposure given to the patient taking average when AP/LAT matching is (0.1/2.1) cGY, when $315^{\circ}/45^{\circ}$ matching is (0.27/0.26) cGY. Conclusion: In conclusion for inserted fiducial marker of prostate cancer patients 2D/2D both oblique matching method is more accurate verification than 2D/2D AP/LAT matching method. Also the matching time less than the 2D/2D AP/LAT matching method. Taken as the amount of radiation exposure to patients less than was possible. Suggest would improve the treatment quality of care patients more useful to establish a protocol such as case.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.176-180
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• 2002

The demand for a better immobilization device has been increased in the radiation oncology field. Especially, it is essential to have a reliable and practical immobilization tool for the whole body radio-surgery and the IMRT(intensity modulated radiation therapy). A new method to immobilize the abdomen for the external beam radiation treatment was developed. The air-injected balloon blanket (AIBB) was designed as an immobilization device. As the air was injected into the AIBB, it pressed down the patient's abdomen and fixed the patient. The AIBB played a useful role to grab the patients' motion. Displacement of the abdomen in the anterior-posterior direction, which showed moving most during the respiration, reduced by more than 5 mm. Patients' movements from the breathing were reduced. The experimental results revealed that the AIBB could be used for the clinic.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the rotational errors of roll, pitch, and yaw in the whole breast cancer treated by the three-dimensional radiation therapy (3D-CRT) using TomoDirect (TD). Twenty-patient previously treated with TD 3D-CRT was selected. We performed a retrospective clinical analysis based on 80 images of megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) including the systematic and random variation with patient setup errors and treatment setup margin (mm). In addition, a rotational error (degree) for each patient was analyzed using the automatic image registration. The treatment margin of X, Y, and Z directions were 4.2 mm, 6.2 mm, and 6.4 mm, respectively. The mean value of the rotational error for roll, pitch, and yaw were $0.3^{\circ}$, $0.5^{\circ}$, $0.1^{\circ}$, and all of systematic and random error was within $1.0^{\circ}$. The errors of patient positioning with the Y and Z directions have generally been mainly higher than the X direction. The percentage in treatment fractions in less than $2^{\circ}$ at roll, pitch, and yaw are 95.1%, 98.8%, and 97.5%, respectively. However, the edge of upper and lower (i.e., bottom) based on the center of therapy region (point) will quite a possibility that it is expected to twist even longer as the length of treatment region. The patient-specific characters should be considered for the accuracy and reproducibility of treatment and it is necessary to confirm periodically the rotational errors, including patient repositioning and repeating MVCT scan.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.206-212
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• 2014

We report here on the results of evaluating the radiation doses using chest computed tomography (CT) for patients with pneumoconiosis complication. For the first time, we visited the 17 MIPs to evaluate the dose-length product (DLP, $mGy{\cdot}cm$), CT unit, and protocols of scanning and image reconstruction those is routinely used for treating patients with pneumoconiosis who have complication. All statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS ver. 19.0, Chicago, IL, USA). Mean of total DLP was $727.7mGy{\cdot}cm$, ranging from 272.0 to $1228.7mGy{\cdot}cm$. DLP from obtaining parenchymal lung images was significantly reduced than that from obtaining total lung images (555.9 vs. 707.2, p<0.001). Third quartile of total and pre-scanning DLP was 1036.1 and $504.1mGy{\cdot}cm$, respectively. Chest CT radiation doses for patients with pneumoconiosis complication are similar with korean diagnostic reference level as well as international guidelines.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2005

Purpose : We should use a computed tomography-simulator for the body measure and compensator manufacture process was practiced with TBI's positioning in process and to estimate the availability.,Materials and Methods : Patient took position that lied down. and got picture through computed tomography-simulator. This picture transmitted to Somavision and measured about body measure point on the picture. Measurement was done with skin, and used the image to use measure the image about lungs. We decided thickness of compensator through value that was measured by the image. Also, We decided and confirmed position of compensator through image. Finally, We measured dosage with TLD in the treatment department.,Results : About thickness at body measure point. we could find difference of $1{\sim}2$ cm relationship general measure and image measure. General measure and image measure of body length was seen difference of $3{\sim}4$ cm. Also, we could paint first drawing of compensator through the image. The value of dose measurement used TLD on head, neck, axilla, chest(lungs inclusion), knee region were measured by $92{\sim}98%$ and abdomen, pelvis, inquinal region, feet region were measured by $102{\sim}109%$.,Conclusion : It was useful for TBI's positioning to use an image of computed tomography-simulator in the process. There was not that is difference of body thickness measure point, but measure about length was achieved definitely. Like this, manufacture of various compensator that consider body density if use image is available. Positioning of compensator could be done exactly. and produce easily without shape of compensator is courted Positioning in the treatment department could shortened overall $15\{sim}20$ minute time. and reduce compensator manufacture time about 15 minutes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.287-293
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• 2015

Because of esophageal cancer has the long length of the lesion and also inhomogeneous in depth. So, the radiation dose distribution was inhomogeneous in radiation therapy. To overcomes the dose distribution uniformity using half beam method. Patient's CT image was used radiation treatment planning. We used two planning methods that one is the using normal beam and another is using half beam. Than comparing the two radiotherapy planning using target coverage, dose volume histogram, conformity index, homogeneity index and normal tissues - heart, spinal cord, lung -. In results, Treatment planning using half beam is little more than normal beam in target coverage, dose volume histogram, conformity index, homogeneity index and normal tissues covering. However, If the patient is not correct position patients may arise a side effect. Thus, the using in Half beam involving the geometrically exact under lung cancer is considered to advantage.