• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.237-246
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• 2014

In this study, it is estimated how many changes of macroeconomic variables are happened under the proposition of import substitution of mining products 1% using macroeconometric input-output model. For this, used macroeconometric input-output model is composed of 141 behavioral equations representing the macroeconomy structure. In general, macroeconometrics models are constructed mainly on the side of the expenditure then it is not easy to estimate the effects of the shocks occurred from industry level. To mitigate that, this study tries to construct a macroeconometric input-output model. Macroeconometrics model which is useful to estimate the effects of macroeconomic shocks, economic policy and more, in this study, is linked with input-output table through the NDI(national disposable income) derived from compensation of employee. And this paper presents the estimation results of import substitution effects of mining products on Korean economy. As a results, GDP is increased 0.00073%, gross labor employed 0.00029%, current balanace 0.00010% and unemployment rate is mitigated 0.00233%.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-39
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• 1995

본 연구는 에너지정책을 종합적 차원에서 일반경제정책과 병행하여 정량적으로 분석할 수 있는 수리모형 (numerical multi-sector general equilibrium model)을 개발하기 위하여 시도되었다. 모형은 크게 (i) 가격/기술변화 반응적인 투입-산출계수를 내생화한 "산업간 거래모형 (inter-industry production model)", (ii) 민간에 의한 최종부문 수요를 나다내는 "소비자 선택모형 (consumer choices model)", 그리고 (iii) 생산물시장과 본원적 투입요소시장, 수출입시장 등에서 민간기업 정부 및 해외라는 개별 경제주체간의 행태를 반영하는 "거시경제 (성장) 모형 (macro-econometric growth model)"으로 구성되어 있다. 이러한 방법은 분석경제를 충분히 세분하고 제(諸)경제변수들의 동시결정적 과정을 중시한 일반균형적 /부문적 접근방법 (general equilibrium/sectoral approaches)을 취함으로써 지금까지 단순한 거시경제모형(aggregate macroeconomic models)이나 전통적 산업연관모형 (static input-output models)에만 의존해 오던 경제예측이나 경제 및 에너지관련 정책의 효과분석이 한층 더 강화될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.117-125
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• 2019

This study measured inefficiencies of Korean banks with weighted Russell directional distance function, WRDDM, for the years of 2004-2013. Checking contributions of inputs and outputs to these inefficiencies, we found that non-performing loan as undesirable output was the most influential factor. The annual average of inefficiencies of Korean banks was 0.3912, and it consisted of non-performing loan 0.1883, output factors 0.098 except non-performing loan, input factors 0.098. The annual average inefficiency went sharply up from 0.2995 to 0.4829 mainly due to the sharp increase of inefficiency of non-performing loan from 0.1088 to 0.2678 before and after 2007-2008 Global financial crisis. We empirically showed the non-performing loan needed to be considered since it was the most important factor among the influential factors of technical inefficiency such as manpower, total deposit, securities, and non-performing loan. This study had some limitation since we did not control financial environment factor in WRDDM.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.611-620
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• 2014

This research analyzed the operation efficiency and influence factors of housing facilities for the severely disabled in Jeolla region by using the DEA model. First, the analysis of efficiency for 2012 was carried out using the CCR model. As a result, 12 DMUs were proved to be efficient, and the average efficiency of CCR was 0.85, confirming that the efficiency of all DMUs were satisfactory. Second, regression analysis was carried out to analyze the factors affecting the efficiency of the DEA model by using the Tobit model. In this case, the inputs and calculated variables were set as independent variables whereas the efficiency as the dependent variable. As a result, the detailed variables had a low significance; the overall input variables showed a negative influence while the calculated variables tended to be a positive influence. In terms of operation efficiency, there was no meaningful result in input variables besides the number of workers. Instead of expanding the input variables, the following should be made for housing facilities of the severely disabled; more efforts should be put in to improve welfare service delivery system and operating environment and structure, and the program must be supplemented as well.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.119-133
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• 2013

This study aims to provide power generating plants with eco-efficiency information. To implement the purposes, of study, both DEA(Data, Envelopment Analysis) model and interview were incorporated in terms of methodologies. To analyze the managerial efficiency, total labor cost and number of employees were considered as input factors. CO2, NOx, and water also were considered as input factors to analyze eco-efficiency. Both annual total power product and annual total revenue were used as output factors. CRS(Constant Return to Scale) and VRS(Variable Return to) model were facilitated in this analysis. According to the findings, most of the power plants were evaluated as 'Efficient'' taking into consideration of average value, both 0.928 from CCR model and 0.969 from VRS model. 7 DMUs including DMU3 and DMU12 are efficient out of 35 DMUs relatively, other DMUs are inefficient. For results of inefficient output factors distribution, it was found that inefficiency for NOx was marked relatively higher than CO2. In order to improve the eco-efficiency in the power plants in the long term, the target amount of Co2 as well as NOx reduction needs to be properly proposed in consideration of particularity of power plants. In the long run, renewable energy, alternative fuels should be adapted to reduce the eco-inefficient.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.235-242
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• 2005

This Study examines influencing factors such as input, process, and output variables on1 student's satisfaction in cyber-education. That is to study on the effectiveness of input, process, and output variables for cyber-education and how does student's interaction moderate influencing factors and student satisfaction. The study was carried out through literature and empirical study. Questionnaire was used to varify the hypothesis based on which the input-process-output with system models were established. The result of hypothesis verification in this study is as follows : First, learning hour and grade showed a positive influence on the students' satisfaction in learning factors. Second reliant of professor, recognized teaming participate, and contents showed a positive influence on the students' satisfaction in system factors. Third, an interesting findings emerged throughout the analysis, showed that process variables were rather meaning factor than input variables.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.259-273
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• 2024

In this study, 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2011 to 2021 were taken as the research objects, and the super-SBM model was used to measure the regional eco-efficiency with capital, labor, land and resource input as input variables, GDP and green coverage as the desirable outputs, and wastewater, waste gas and solid waste emissions as the undesired outputs. Tobit regression was used to analyze the effects of external environmental factors on eco-efficiency. The results showed that the average level of eco-efficiency in China was low, and the eco-efficiency in the eastern region was higher than that in other regions, and there were great differences in the western, northeast and central regions.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2004

Even though the price of extracted but unprocessed coal has been available in Korea, the use of it as scarcity index would be inappropriate because of price subsidy. Following Halvorsen and Smith(1984), Kim and Lee(2002) derived estimates of the shadow price of unextracted coal by estimating the restricted cost function and differentiating with respect to the quantity of coal extracted. In Korea, however, due to the limited data the capital prices have been computed inconsistently case by case without relying on the robust formula like the Christensen-Jorgenson methodology used in US, which could result in biased estimators of the restricted cost function. In the paper the shadow prices of the resources in situ are obtained by measuring an input distance function defined by Shephard (1970), which requires only the data on the quantities of inputs and output. Empirical results for the Korean coal mining industry show that these shadow prices as a coal scarcity have increased fast by approximately three times in comparisons with those obtained by Kim and Lee.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.441-468
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• 2004

We estimate carbon embodied in the export goods of Korea. A commodity-by-industry IO model ($CO_2$ hybrid IO model) is constructed for the estimation. In the model, all monetary units of energy commodities are converted to physical unit, carbon tons. Results show that total $CO_2$ embodied in the exports of non-energy goods of Korea equals 51.18 million carbon ton or 44% of total $CO_2$ emissions in Korea in 2000. Overall carbon intensity of export goods is estimated as 0.227 carbon ton per million Won. These findings suggest Korea's responsibility on global warming may be imputed to the countries who import and consume Korean goods. It is in accordance with the user pay principle. It is also argued that if UNFCCC impose the burden of $CO_2$ mitigation on importing countries rather than exporting countries, we can prevent '$CO_2$ emission leakages' effectively.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.225-251
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• 1996

본 연구는 기후변화협약이 한국의 산어구조에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해서 투입산출모형을 이용하였다. 가장 실현가능성이 많은 에너지/탄소세 부과 시나리오별로 에너지수요에 대한 가격탄력성을 고려하여 가격효과를 살펴보고, 이것을 이용하여 궁극적으로 한국산업구조에 어떠한 영향이 미치는 가를 분석하였다. 또한 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 한국산업구조의 특수성을 감안하면서 중 장기적으로 합리적인 산업구조조정을 수행하는데 필요한 성장산업과 사양산업을 구분할 기준이 되는 지수를 개발하였다.