• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.250-264
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• 2022

The development projects subject to health impact assessment (HIA) in the current environmental impact assessment (EIA) system are limited to some projects under Article 12 of the Enforcement Decree of the Environmental Health Act (Additional Assessment Objects Subject to Health Impact Assessment Items), but health impact-related matters are being evaluated and reviewed during consultation. In particular, when a development site is planned around some pollutant sources in a residential development plan, it is evaluated and reviewed whether the site meets the risk criteria through a current concentration survey of major hazardous air pollutants. This study prepared a quantitative method to confirm the validity of the location of the residential area to be developed in the residential development plan and proposed a plan to expand the project subject to HIA within the EIA procedure. A detailed methodology was proposed by reviewing the screening and scoping procedures of the EIA system, and a case analysis of the urban development plan discussed in the past was conducted to verify the methodology.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2023

In the Republic of Korea, the target project scope of the small-scale EIA is stipulated as the plan area above around 5,000~60,000m² depending on a type of project and classification of land use. Whereas, the lower limit of the corresponding local government EIA project is generally located above the small-scale EIA's limits, and overlapping ranges exist. This situation has been enlarged since road construction and district unit planning were included as the target projects for small-scale EIA in the "Enforcement Decree of the Environmental Impact Assessment Act", which was partially revised in November 2016, and the current consultation system needed discussion in that small-scale EIA is allowed to be done without gathering review opinions at the local level. In fact, projects subjected to local government EIA but consulted as small-scale EIAs may seem insignificant because of a small number of total cases; however, it is worth paying attention to the fact that a local government may not add a target project due to the small-scale EIA. This study suggested the three policy measures for improving small-scale EIA to enhance the effectiveness of local government EIA: supplementing the institutional arrangements to incorporate the review opinion from the local region in small-scale EIA, giving priority to local EIA for conducing the projects in overlapping ranges with partial amendments on EIA law regarding exceptions to local government EIA, including small target projects (not to be small-scale EIA targets) to the ordinance that are deemed necessary to be conducted as local government EIA. Even though a positive function of small-scale EIA has been confirmed, efforts should be made to improve the situation in which many projects within local governments are consulted without review from the region.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.433-446
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• 2007

환경영향평가는 대규모 개발사업을 대상으로, 계획 확정후 사업 실시단계에서 개발사업 시행에 따른 환경영향 저감방안을 중점 검토하는 제도인데, 사전환경성검토는 행정계획과 환경상 민감지역의 소규모 개발사업을 대상으로, 계획 확정 이전단계에서 환경적 측면에서 입지나 개발의 적정성 타당성을 사전에 검토하는 제도이다. 사전환경성검토는 2006년 6월부터 대상 행정계획을 구체적 개발사업의 상위 행정계획으로 확대하고, 계획의 적정성, 입지의 타당성을 미리 검토할 수 있도록 하고, 검토과정에서 주민, 전문가, 시민단체 등 이해관계자의 의견수렴을 거치도록 하는 전략환경평가 체제로 개편됨으로써, 환경갈등이나 사회 경제적 문제를 예방할 수 있는 기반을 보다 강화하였다. 환경부 주관의 사전환경성검토가 전략환경평가를 강화하는 동안 건설교통부가 중장기기본계획에 대한 전략환경평가를 시행하기 시작하였다. 우리나라의 전략환경평가는 건설교통부와 환경부가 전략환경평가를 별도로 운영하는 데 따른 비효율성, 국토계획과 환경계획의 연계성 부족, 선거공약으로 제안된 대규모 개발계획 등에 대한 객관적 환경평가의 어려움 등의 문제를 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 전략환경평가제도의 정립을 위해, 환경정책패러다임의 변천, 환경영향평가와 사전환경성검토의 발전, 전략환경평가의 현황과 선거공약으로 제안된 대규모 개발계획에 대한 전략환경평가의 한계 등을 고찰한 후, 전략환경평가제도의 발전방향과 개발계획과 환경계획의 연계통합방안을 모색하고자 한다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

Selecting target items of EIA(Environmental Impacts Assessment) is very important process in conducting the EIA. In Korea, like other countries, the EIA Council selects the target items before starting the EIA process. However, the assessment items stipulated in the Enforcement Decree of the Environmental Impact Assessment Act is almost wholly applied to most businesses. Thus, the EIA is difficult to carry out reflecting the characteristics of the target business. Additionally, the items of EIA have a structure that is difficult to change, so that the items of EIA is easy to fall apart from the current social needs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest adjustment of the items of EIA by reflecting the changes in the assessment and social conditions based on analysis of the usage and effectiveness of the current EIA items. In addition, this study would like to propose a improvement of the operating system in order to ensure that EIA items can be selected effectively.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-150
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• 2011

This paper proposes an improvement to differentiate assessment procedure for projects in consideration of their environmental impact as a means to improve efficiency in environmental impact assessment ("EIA") procedure. The targets of analysis were limited to lower impact projects. The current EA system in Korea has already attempted to introduce separate proceedings for certain projects.Tangible results from these efforts, however, have been limited. Other countries have adopted a "screening" system to determine whether EIA is applicable to a particular project, and if so, what procedure will be used therein. Therefore, this study suggests the screening as the process wherein need for EIA is determined with respect to projects which have undergone Prior Environmental Review System(PERS) and which appear to have comparatively negligible environmental impact. In this case, EIA can be omitted and the developer can then draft a mitigation plan instead. This study found that exempting certain projects deemed as having low environmental impact can considerably shorten the duration required for both environmental assessment and consultation, thereby improving efficiency. Other expected effects from the adoption of this screening include reduction in delays in project execution due to environmental assessments and reduced red tape through the provision of increased autonomy to developers and the approving authorities.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.823-831
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• 2011

파라과이와 한국의 환경영향평가에 관련된 제도와 법률은 환경영향평가 대상사업, 실행방법 및 사후감시 등에서 상이하다. 양국의 환경영향평가 제도 중에는 전혀 관련 없는 것도 있는데, 경제적, 사회적, 문화적, 역사적 그리고 지연조건이 상이하여 양국의 환경영향평가 제도에 영향을 주는 것으로 분석된다. 파라과이에서는 스코핑이 Term of References (TOR)가 준비되는 단계이다. TOR은 환경부에 의해 준비된 특정의 환경영향평가의 요구조건을 포함한다. 파라과이에서는 스코핑 단계에서 환경부의 주도로 주민참여가 진행된다. Environmental Impact Relatorio (RIMA)가 개발사업으로 인해 영향을 받는 지역사회에 시행되고, 간결하고 이해하기 쉬운 표현으로 작성된다. 파라과이에서는 EIS가 승인되기 전에 RIMA를 지역사회에 공개한다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.359-368
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• 2022

It is essential to increase the implementation rate in order to increase the effectiveness of mitigation measures that can mitigate the negative impact of development projects. In the case of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA),research on the implementation evaluation of development projects is insufficient, even though the effectiveness of mitigation measures has been steadily raised. Therefore, this study evaluated the implementation rate of the mitigation measures and identified the cause of the difference in the implementation rate for each mitigation measures in order to understand the current status of the ecological mitigation measures. The implementation rate of urban and road development projects mitigation measures was 56.0% and 64.4%, respectively. the implementation rate of 'Monitoring' mitigation measures was the highest in all development project. But, 'Habitat creation' and 'Accident prevention measures' were low. In addition, it was found that the implementation rate of the mitigation measures were high when the contents of the mitigation measure described in the report were specific. Through this study, it was found that in order to increase the implementation rate of the EIA ecological environment animal mitigation measures, it is necessary to reflect the environmental and geographical characteristics of the target site in detail. Furthermore, it is judged that this study can be used as a basic basis for enhancing the effectiveness of the EIA system introduced to mitigate the negative impact on the environment.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.317-327
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• 2021

Industrial complexes have have been played an important role in various aspects such as national industrial development, economic growth. However, it is a cluster of manufacturing facilities which has a great impact on the surrounding area and the overall domestic environment during the operation of the facility. In this study, environmental influences and siting characteristics of industrial complexes were investigated based on the environmental impact assessment report from 2009 to 2019. The development tendency of industrial complexes is continuous decline, and major development areas are Gyeonggi, Gyeongsang and Chungcheong areas. We also confirmed that the average area of defenestration due to industrial complex is on the decline. Furthermore, the residential area and educational facilities, and the exposed population affected by industrial complex is constantly increased.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.378-387
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• 2022

Since air pollution has become a global issue to be managed, the Republic of Korea (ROC) is protecting air quality by predicting the air condition before a construction project starts through EnvironmentalImpact Assessment (EIA) and measuring the air condition afterwards the construction project ends through Post-environmental Impact Assessment (PEIA). The aim of this study consists on verifying the predicted and measured concentration data and analyzing their consistency in order to deduce improvement directions. Linear EIA projects which the investigation during operation period have been concluded between years 2017 and 2019 were used. As a result, the following improvement directions were suggested: reduction of EIA air quality standards, strengthen the management of projects with construction duration longer than 5 years, incorporation of first or second quarter (winter or spring) into the investigation period, consideration of construction equipment or conditions for better prediction. The strength of this study is that we arranged and utilized EIA predicted and PEIA measured data to understand the present EIA procedure and made meaningful suggestions through the consistency analysis contributing to air quality maintenance and investigation methodology enhancement.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.146-156
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• 2023

Since the tourism complex development projects is promoted for areas with good natural environment and excellent landscapes, it has s significant environmental impact on the surrounding area. Therefore, this study investigated the current status and various environmental influences of tourist complex based on environmental impact assessment reports from 2012 to 2021. Based on the results of the current status analysis of the development projects, EA-INDEX for the tourism complex development projects was developed and applied to comprehensively and quantitatively analyze various environmental impacts. Through this, we investigated eco-friendliness of the development projects by year in the natural environment conservation sector, resource conservation sector, and living environment protection sector. As a result we found that the tourism complex development projects were carried out in a way that increases eco-friendliness over the past ten years, especially in in the natural environment conservation sector. On the other hand, in the case of resource conservation, it has been confirmed that eco-friendliness is decreasing, so it is necessary to make efforts to improve it when establishing new development plans in the future. It is expected that the result of this study will be useful for identifying the development trend and environmental impact of development projects. If an analysis is made that synthesizes information such as policy events and social issues related to development projects in the future, it is also expected that a broader explanation will be possible to identify trends in development projects using EA-INDEX.