• Title/Summary/Keyword: 확률 과정

Search Result 1,474, Processing Time 0.03 seconds

Integration and Decision Algorithm for Location-Based Road Hazardous Data Collected by Probe Vehicles (프로브 수집 위치기반 도로위험정보 통합 및 판단 알고리즘)

  • Chae, Chandle;Sim, HyeonJeong;Lee, Jonghoon
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
    • /
    • v.17 no.6
    • /
    • pp.173-184
    • /
    • 2018
  • As the portable traffic information collection system using probe vehicles spreads, it is becoming possible to collect road hazard information such as portholes, falling objects, and road surface freezing using in-vehicle sensors in addition to existing traffic information. In this study, we developed a integration and decision algorithm that integrates time and space in real time when multiple probe vehicles detect events such as road hazard information based on GPS coordinates. The core function of the algorithm is to determine whether the road hazard information generated at a specific point is the same point from the result of detecting multiple GPS probes with different GPS coordinates, Generating the data, (3) continuously determining whether the generated event data is valid, and (4) ending the event when the road hazard situation ends. For this purpose, the road risk information collected by the probe vehicle was processed in real time to achieve the conditional probability, and the validity of the event was verified by continuously updating the road risk information collected by the probe vehicle. It is considered that the developed hybrid processing algorithm can be applied to probe-based traffic information collection and event information processing such as C-ITS and autonomous driving car in the future.

Seismic Fragility Analysis of Rahmen-type Continuous Bridge Supported by High Piers (고교각으로 지지된 라멘형 연속교의 지진취약도 분석)

  • Kang, Pan-Seung;Hong, Ki-Nam;Yeon, Yeong-Mo
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
    • /
    • v.23 no.5
    • /
    • pp.84-95
    • /
    • 2019
  • This paper reports the process of seismic fragility analysis for the rahman-type continuous bridge system. The target structure was the five span highway bridge with maximum pier hight of 72m. OpenSees software was used for the nonlinear time history analysis. In this study, 50 ground motions are considered for nonlinear time history analysis. For each ground motion, PGA was scaled from 0.1g to 2.0g with intervals of 0.1g in order to consider a wide range of the seismic intensity measure. In addition, yield displacement and ultimate displacement of each pier were calculated through section analysis. Based on the result of non linear time history analysis and section analysis, damage condition of target bridge was classified according to the definition of damage condition proposed by Barbat et al. As a result, it was predicted that Extensive Damage occurred at P1 when 0.731 g earthquake occurred in the longitudinal direction. Based on the seismic fragility analysis results, it is found that the probability of occurrence of Extensive Damage in the 4,800 - year period earthquake was about 4.2%. Therefore the target bridge has enough safety for earthquake.

Analysis of the ODA impact that Donor's Exports - Focus on Korean Technology Cooperation ODA (ODA가 공여국의 수출에 미치는 영향 분석 - 한국의 기술협력 ODA를 중심으로)

  • Byun, Sejun;Choi, Jaeyoung
    • Journal of Technology Innovation
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.99-122
    • /
    • 2019
  • ODA (Official Development Assistance) aims for practicing international humanitarianism in developing countries. However, ODA donors also seek to find convincing evidence meeting the national economic & political interests in the international community. In this regards, precise & unbiased estimation of the policy effects of ODA aid on the donors' exports to the recipient countries has recently become one of the primary concerns of the ODA donors, especially developing countries including Korea of which economy structure heavily relies on exports for economic growth. Based on the basic gravity model, this study empirically analyzes the effects of technical cooperation ODA delivering skills, knowledge and technical know-how on Korea's exports to the ODA recipient countries using 10-year panel data from 2007 to 2016. Specifically, by incorporating major variables affecting trade such as GDP, distance, FDI etc, the effect of technical cooperation ODA on Korea's exports to the ODA recipient countries is estimated with various kinds of panel models. As a result, technical cooperation ODA has a statistically significant impact on Korea's exports to ODA recipient countries, especially in the exports of intermediate goods. And the detail process of this black-boxed mechanism is scrutinized through case studies on Uzbekistan, The Philippines, and Morocco.

A Study on the Mission Reliability of Combat System through the Design Structure Matrix and Interface Matrix (설계구조행렬(DSM) 및 인터페이스 매트릭스 설계를 통한 전투체계 임무신뢰도에 관한연구)

  • Lee, Jeong-Wan;Park, Chan-Hyeon;Kim, So-Jung;Kim, Eui-Whan;Jang, Joong Soon
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.20 no.9
    • /
    • pp.451-458
    • /
    • 2019
  • Reliability in the course of weapons system development and operation is a key measure of the ability of a system to perform the required functions under specified conditions over a specified period of time, and the mission confidence for the assessment of mission fulfillment is an important indicator of victory or defeat in a battle. Mission reliability indicates the probability that a given task will succeed or fail in an event or environmental situation over a given period of time. The existing mission reliability was calculated after creating a confidence blow map with only physical connections based on the mission. However, as modern weapons systems evolve and advance, the related equipment structure becomes increasingly complex, making it impossible to express mission relevance when mission classification is required based on functional or physical connections. In this study, the mission reliability was calculated for a gun control system, which is part of a ship's combat system, by expressing the association between the physical and functional structures using the design structure matrix technique and the interface matrix technique. We expect the study results to be used as verification data for mission reliability.

Development and Application TEP Activity for the Education of Experimental Apparatus at Elementary School (초등학생의 실험기구 교육을 위한 TEP 활동의 개발 및 적용)

  • Jeon, Soyeon;Park, Jongseok
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.64 no.6
    • /
    • pp.379-388
    • /
    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study are to develop the TEP activity for learning experimental apparatus at elementary school and to test the effects of the TEP activity. This study consists of two steps. First through literature research on the difficulties and needs of experimental apparatus education developed the form that how to educate the experimental apparatus at elementary school. Second, applied the TEP activity and figured out the effects as two aspect(knowledge about experimental apparatus and actual using skill during lesson). This worksheet was applied to 3rd grade students in elementary school about 4 experimental apparatuses(Beaker, Electronic scale, Glass rod, Spatula). The results of this study are as follows: There is no specific time to teach what is and how to use experimental apparatus by regular curriculum. So many students and teachers need method and time to learn them. Also they want to lots of opportunities to use them. With that needs given previously, TEP activity developed by 3 steps. 1. Trigger interest 2. Explore experimental apparatus: learned knowledges about experimental apparatus focused on appearance(name, purpose, directions for use, precautions) 3. Practice experimental apparatus: actual using time to acquire skills. After that did the survey of knowledge and observation of students' behavior during usual class to confirm the effects. According to the results, TEP activity helped the students to improve there awareness of the experimental apparatus and actual using skills.

A Study of Citizens' Giving Behavior by Income Level: Estimation of Probability and Amount of Secular Giving (소득 수준별 기부 행동 변화에 관한 연구: 자선적 기부 참여 확률 및 규모 추정)

  • Kang, Chul Hee;Park, Tae Kuen;Lee, Soo Yeon
    • 한국사회정책
    • /
    • v.24 no.1
    • /
    • pp.1-31
    • /
    • 2017
  • This paper attempts to analyze citizens' giving behavior by household income level. Particularly, it focuses on participation and amount of secular giving by using 'Social Survey'in 2011, 2013, and 2015 from the Bureau of Statistics and employing Heckman selection model for statistical analysis. This study shows that citizens' participation has a proportional tendency by their income level. Similar to participation of secular giving, citizens' giving amount has also a proportional tendency by their income level. However, the degree of proportional tendency seems not to be significant in the case of amount of secular giving. This empirical analysis promotes understanding of participation and amount of secular giving by citizens' income section in Korea by showing the differences. This paper provides meaningful empirical understanding regarding citizens' secular giving behavior by their income level. In addition, it offers important clues to motivate relevant prospective studies and develop social agenda which contribute to strengthening giving culture in Korea.

Secure and Efficient V2V Message Authentication Scheme in Dense Vehicular Communication Networks (차량 밀집환경에서 안전하고 효율적인 V2V 메시지 인증기법)

  • Jung, Seock-Jae;Yoo, Young-Jun;Paik, Jung-Ha;Lee, Dong-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
    • /
    • v.20 no.4
    • /
    • pp.41-52
    • /
    • 2010
  • Message authentication is an essential security element in vehicular ad-hoc network(VANET). For a secure message authentication, integrity, availability, privacy preserving skill, and also efficiency in various environment should be provided. RAISE scheme has been proposed to provide efficient message authentication in the environment crowded with lots of vehicles and generally considered to be hard to provide efficiency. However, as the number of vehicles communicating in the area increases, the overhead is also incurred in proportion to the number of vehicles so that it still needs to be reduced, and the scheme is vulnerable to some attacks. In this paper, to make up for the vulnerabilities in dense vehicular communication network, we propose a more secure and efficient scheme using a process that RSU(Road Side Unit) transmits the messages of neighbor vehicles at once with Bloom Filter, and timestamp to protect against replay attack. Moreover, by adding a handover function to the scheme, we simplify the authentication process as omitting the unnecessary key-exchange process when a vehicle moves to other area. And we confirm the safety and efficiency of the scheme by simulating the false positive probability and calculating the traffic.

Analyzing The Economic Impact of The Fire Risk Reduction at Regional Level in Goyang City (지역단위 화재 위험도 저감의 고양시 경제적 파급효과 분석)

  • Son, Minsu;Cho, Dongin;Park, Chang Keun;Ko, Hyun A;Jung, Seunghyun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.22 no.2
    • /
    • pp.685-693
    • /
    • 2021
  • This study examined the fire risk of the region in Goyang City using the spatial information data of buildings. The economic damage by industry was assessed according to the probability of fire risk. The study area was confined to Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, and the same fire risk reduction rate was applied to each region for the convenience of analysis. The possibility of fire was derived based on the buildings' density and usage in the area by National GIS building-integrated information standard data. The calculation of economic damage by industry in Goyang City due to the fire risk was calculated by combining the Goyang-si industry-related model produced by matching with 30 industrial categories in Input-Output Statistics of Korea Bank and 20 industrial categories in the Goyang-si business survey and the possibility of fire. The basic scenario of production impossibility during six months and business loss due to fire was established and analyzed based on the supply model. The analysis showed that Ilsan-dong-gu, Ilsan-seo-gu, and Deokyang-gu suffered the most economic damage. The "electricity, gas, steam, and water business" showed the greatest loss by industry.

Analytical Methods for the Analysis of Structural Connectivity in the Mouse Brain (마우스 뇌의 구조적 연결성 분석을 위한 분석 방법)

  • Im, Sang-Jin;Baek, Hyeon-Man
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    • /
    • v.15 no.4
    • /
    • pp.507-518
    • /
    • 2021
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a key technology that has been seeing increasing use in studying the structural and functional innerworkings of the brain. Analyzing the variability of brain connectome through tractography analysis has been used to increase our understanding of disease pathology in humans. However, there lacks standardization of analysis methods for small animals such as mice, and lacks scientific consensus in regard to accurate preprocessing strategies and atlas-based neuroinformatics for images. In addition, it is difficult to acquire high resolution images for mice due to how significantly smaller a mouse brain is compared to that of humans. In this study, we present an Allen Mouse Brain Atlas-based image data analysis pipeline for structural connectivity analysis involving structural region segmentation using mouse brain structural images and diffusion tensor images. Each analysis method enabled the analysis of mouse brain image data using reliable software that has already been verified with human and mouse image data. In addition, the pipeline presented in this study is optimized for users to efficiently process data by organizing functions necessary for mouse tractography among complex analysis processes and various functions.

A Study on the Effects of Reading Education Using Book-Coding (북코딩의 독서교육 효과에 관한 연구)

  • Ji, Hyoun-Ah;Cho, Miah
    • Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
    • /
    • v.52 no.2
    • /
    • pp.145-166
    • /
    • 2021
  • The study was aimed at verifying the effectiveness of Book-Coding reading education as a reader activity of older elementary school children at a time when high-dimensional thinking abilities were formed. To this end, 30 fifth-grade children of N Elementary School in N-si, Gyeonggi-do, comprised of 15 students from a reading education program using Book-Coding, and 15 students from a reading comprehension program, and applied the reading education program over a total of 12 sessions. The main results of the study are summarized as follows. First, when the effects of the convergence reading education program using Book-Coding on the logical thinking ability of the students in the upper grades in the elementary school were analyzed, all the six sub-factors of logical thinking ability, that is, conservation logic, proportional logic, variable controlling logic, probabilistic logic, correlational inference logic, and combinational logic, were proved to have statistically more meaningful difference than the group writing a book report. Second, the analysis result of the influence of the convergence reading education program using Book-Coding on the creativity of the students in the upper grades of the elementary school showed that all the 13 elements of curiosity, persistence, effectiveness, independence, adventurousness, openness, knowledge, imagination, originality, sensitivity, fluency, flexibility, and accuracy were statistically meaningfully different compared to the book report group. Third, when it was analyzed how the convergence reading education program using Book-Coding affected the creative personality of the elementary school students, all the six factors of curiosity, task commitment, independence, awareness of risk, and openness of thinking, and aesthetics were found out to have a statistically more meaningful difference than the group that wrote a book report.