• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1278-1284
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the optimum conditions for making “sponge cake” with addition of ingredient, laver powder, and the quality characteristics of a new sponge cake. The moisture contents of sponge cake with 2, 4, 6% laver powder did not change but with 8 and 10%, the moisture contents increased to 28.89% and 30.69%, respectively. While specific gravity increased to 0.674 (control 0.493) when 10% laver powder was added, but volume was decreased. Most abundant mineral was Ca, followed by Na, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. The crust color degree of sponge cake with laver powder showed low marks on L, a, b. The crumb color degree showed low marks on L, b while “a” degree redness indicated highest marks with 4% laver powder. When it was seen under the microscope, the air cell numbers were decreased but the cell size became bigger. More free amino acid was contained when the laver powder was added. L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-aspartic acid and L-leucine were the major free amino acids. Hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience degree of sponge cake with addition of laver power were higher than those of control. The sensory evaluation indicated that addition of 2% laver powder enhanced most mouth feeling, appearance, hardness, moistness, flavor and overall acceptability.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2020

Fermented complex from garlic and nine medicinal plants were developed as a natural whitening material. Tyrosinase inhibition activity was determined and four active compounds were isolated. The nutritional components of fermented garlic complex (FGC) were analyzed to confirm the applicability as a functional food material. Tyrosinase inhibitory effect of FGC was 88.6%. Methanol extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H₂O. From the EtOAc fraction (47 g), which showed the highest yield, active fractions were separated by repeated TLC, silica gel and ODS column chromatography to isolate active compounds. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were analyzed by NMR and MS spectra. Phenylpropanoid compounds of 2,4,5-trihydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid (1) (1.9 mg) and 2,3,5-trihydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid (2) were confirmed. In addition, 2,4-dihydroxy-hydrocinnamic acid (3) (3.3 mg) and (+)sesamin (4) (6.1 mg) were isolated. These compounds will be useful as index compounds or functional compounds in FGC.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.11
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• pp.277-293
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to analyse the overall relationship between the advertisement expenses and the two major indicies of business performance, that is, the total amount of sales and the discipline have contrasted the expenses for commercial advertisement with the total amount of sales or with the business performance, respectively, utilizing data on a specific product observed through 3 to 5 years. This study attempts to enlarge the scope of observation and the content of analysis. In order to attain the purpose of this study, the rate of increase in the advertisement expenses is taken as the independent variable and the two major indicies of business performance, the total amount of sales and the resultant interest, as the dependent variables. Business companies or firms which have continually been listed on the board of Korea Stock Exchange for 14 years, from 1982 to 1995, were grouped into four major business categories; 1)Food and beverage industries, 2)Fiber, clothings, and leather industries, 3) Medicine, chemistry, oil, coal, and rubber industries, and 4) Assembled mechanics and metallurgy, machinery, and maintenance industries. Utilizing the KIS-DATA, compiled by Korea Credit Evaluation, Ltd., 30 to 40 samples of business companies or firms were randomly selected from each category. Finally 125 samples were selected and put into regression analyses and follow-up tests by appropriate statistical models, in order to verify if there were any noticeable correlations. The final result obtained through the afore-mentioned research method shows that the amount of advertisement expenses has strong correlations with the amount of sales and the resultant interest. Viewed by business category, in the case of fiber, clothings, and leather industries, the relationship turned out to be significant only with the rate of increase in the total amount of sales, while, in the case of food and beverage industries, the rate of increase in the total amount of sales showed a negatively significant correlations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.485-488
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• 2008

Recycled fine aggregate has low quality because it contains large amount of old mortar. So, its usage is limited to a lower value-add, such as the roadbed material etc. Also, alkaline water occurred from treatment process of the waste concrete is becoming the cause of environmental problem. Accordingly, this study is to develop on the high quality recycled fine aggregate produced by low speed wet abraser using sulphuric. We investigated the properties of compressive strength of the mortar which was manufactured using recycled fine aggregate containing calcined gypsum produced by earlier mentioned process. Test results indicate that mortar using recycled fine aggregate containing calcined gypsum has lowest compressive strength. It seems that low compressive strength is closely associated with the expansion of the specimen by excessive formation of ettringite.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.83-93
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• 1994

1886년 고트리브 다이믈러와 칼 벤즈가 가솔린 자동차를 개발한 이후 100여년이 지난 지금 자동차는 비약적으로 진보, 발전하여 현대 산업사회와 개인의 생활에 있어 산업운송수단과 이동수단으 로서 필요불가결하게 되어 밀접한 관계를 갖고 있다. 우리나라 자동차 공업의 역사는 자동차가 사회적, 경제적 효용에 따라 그 생산과 보유대수가 날이 갈수록 증가 일로에 있으며, 자동차의 생산대수는 전세 계에서 년간 약 50,606천대('94년)로서 중요한 국가 기간 산업으로 자리하고 있다. 한편 전기, 전자공업의 발전에 따른 자동차의 Car Electronics가 많이 채용되게 됨에 따라 현재의 자 동차에는 대부분이 전자제어 System으로 구성되어 있다. 최근에는 Micro Processor를 이용한 전자부품이 많이 사용되어 전자파에 대한 문제가 다양하게 발생 하고 있다. 예를 들면 미국 캘리포니아주에서 전자점화제어장치와 연료분사 장치를 설치한 구미의 자동 차가 주행중 28MHz, 28W의 아마추어 무선을 탑제한 자동차가 통과할 때 엔진이 고르지 못한 보고가 있 었고, 화학섬유로된 옷을 착용한 전자부품이 다른 부품에 영향을 주는 사례가 맣아지고 있다. 따라서 자동차에는 여러가지의 전장품, 전자기기를 탑재하기 때문에 자동차 자체에서 발생하는 것과 외부로 부터 받는 전자장해 EMI(Electromagnetic Interference), EMS(Electromagnetic Susceptibility) 가 문제로 되어 자동차 및 부품 maker에 의한 EMC(Electromagnetic Compatibility) 평가의 중요성이 고조되고 있다. 차제무전기, 차제무전기, Car-Radio는잡음방해를 많이 받기도 하지만, 잡음원이 되기 도 한다. 또한 Engine 제어, 차속제어, Brake 제어등에 이용되는 전자제품은 방해에 의한 오동작 또는 파괴가 발생하여 주행기능, 안전성에 문제가 야기되지 않도록 해야 한다. 이러한 전자기 환경은 모두 RF(Radio Frequence)와 자동차에서의 전자파 장해 문제의 원이 될 수 있다. 자동차 및 그 부품의 전자기 방해에 관한 규격화는 1987년부터 괄목할 만하게 진행되어 이에 따른 규제 움직임이 IEC(International Electrotechnical Commission: 국제전기기술위원회) 산하의 하부기 구인 CISPR(International Special Committeeon Radio Interference: 국제 무선 장해 특별위원회)가 전자기 방해파에 대한 측정법 통일안을 제안 하였고, ISO(International Standardization Organiza- tion: 국제표준화 기구) 가운데 TC 22/SC3가 자동차의 전장품에 대한 장해를 논의히고 있다. 특히, 자동차의 EMC에 관한 국가 규격은 국제 규격에서 저술한 바와 같이 특별히 규정된 것이 없고 VDE(Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: 서독전기기술 협회)와 SAE(Society of Automotive Engi- neers: 자동차 기술자 협회)에서 비교적 활발하고 Jaso(Japanese Automobile Standards Organization: 일본 자동차 표준협회)에서 많이 진행중에 있다. 본 고에서는 자동차의 전자제어에 따른 잡음 발생 요인과 전자파 간섭 관련 자동차 규격과 시험평가 방법에 대해 간단히 소개 하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.364-371
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• 2015

For the cost down of polymer concrete, It is very important to reduce the use amount of polymer binder, which occupies most of the production cost of polymer concrete. Fly ash and atomizing reduction steel slag are spherical materials obtained from industrial by-products. Spherical atomizing reduction steel slag was manufactured using steel slag from reduction process of ladle furnace by atomizing technology. To investigate the physical properties of polymer concrete, polymer concrete specimens were prepared with the various proportions of polymer binder and replacement ratios of atomizing steel slag. Results showed that compressive and flexural strengths of the specimens were remarkably increased with the addition amount of polymer binder and the replacement ratios of atomizing steel slag. In the hot water resistance test, compressive strength, flexural strength, bulk density and average pore diameter decreased but total pore volume and pore diameter increased. We found that polymer concrete developed in this study reduced the amount of polymer binder by 18.2% compared to the conventional product because of the remarkable improvement of workability of polymer concrete using spherical fly ash and atomizing reduction steel slag instead of calcium carbonate (filler) and river sand (fine aggregate).

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.334-340
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• 2009

For the isolation of a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, strain YK-5 was selected from approximately 400 thermostable strains isolated from special soil samples. Strain YK-5 produced an antifungal compound, and optimum carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of the antifungal compound were investigated against Aspergillus flavus as a test strain. Modified LB medium containing 1% peptone, 1% yeast extract and 5% black sugar was determined to be the optimal medium for growth and antifungal compound production. Culture broth of strain YK-5 potently inhibited growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum KACC 40052 for 7 days. The plant growth-promotion function of strain YK-5 was tested against radish and rice in pot trials. Leaf number, plant height and root length in YK-5-treated radish markedly exceeded (> 60%) those of untreated radish. Leaf length and white rootlet development were markedly more prominent than in commercially-treated rice plants. Strain YK-5 was determined to be Bacillus subtilis YK-5 by physiological, chemotaxonomical, and phylogenetical analyses.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2007

Three active components (Z8-12:Ac, E8-12:Ac, and Z8-12:OH) are known in sex pheromone of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, and have been commercially available to apply for population monitoring and mating disruption. However, there have been variation among commercial products in pheromone composition and amount impregnated in each pheromone releaser. This study was performed to optimize factors influencing on pheromone monitoring of G. molesta by analyzing pheromone composition/amount, effective period of releaser, and trap type/placement in apple trees. High purity of Z8-12:Ac component was effective to attract males, in which 96% or more of cis acetate isomer component appeared to be optimal composition. Pheromone amounts ($0.01-1\;{\mu}g$) impregnated in each rubber dispenser did not give significant effect on monitoring during 90 days from June to August. "Delta" trap was much more efficient than "cone" trap to collect males. Trap installation was another factor, in which placing traps at canopy level was much efficient than at trunk or ground levels. Pheromone trap monitoring with these optimal factors indicated three to four adult peaks from June to September in addition to high overwintering population from April to May in pesticide-applied orchards in Andong, Korea.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.471-476
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• 2007

본 논문의 목적은 과거의 산업 포트폴리오 수익률이 확률추세로부터 어떻게 전체 주식시장과 두 가지 거시경제 변수인 경기동행지수와 산업생산 등을 예측할 수 있는 지를 알아보는 데에 있다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 연구모형을 설정한 후 세 가지 검정절차를 제시하고 이를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 당월의 전체 주식시장 수익률은 과거의 시차를 지닌 특정 산업부문 포트폴리오 수익률에 대하여 양(+)의 상관관계를 유지하고 있다는 '예측 1'과 전체 주식시장의 수익률은 특정 산업부문의 수익률에 대하여 선행성을 지닐 수 없다는 '예측 2'에 대한 검정 결과는 '예측 1'과 '예측 2'가 지지되고 있음을 파악할 수 있었다. 그리고 산업별 포트폴리오 수익률과 거시경제변수 간의 높은 상관관계를 토대로 하여 전체주식시장 수익률 예측을 가능하게 하는 업종 정보의 점진적 확산 현상이 발생하게 되는가를 검토하기 위하여 각 산업들의 포트폴리오 수익률과 전체 주식시장 수익률이 VAR모형을 토대로 볼 경우 Granger 인과관계를 갖고 있는 지를 분석하였다. 분석결과 21개 업종은 각 산업별 포트폴리오 수익률이 전체 주식시장 수익률을 5% 수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이들 21개의 산업별 포트폴리오 수익률은 경제적으로도 중요한 의미를 지니고 있어 산업제품의 가격 상승과 하락이 경제에 미치는 영향을 파악할 수 있다. 특히 음료 업종에서 전체 주식시장 수익률과 상호간의 인과성을 나타내었으며, 인터넷과 화장품 업종에서는 전체 주식시장 수익률이 이들 업종에 대하여 일방적인 영향을 보이고 있음을 알 수 있었다.>$mgN\;{\cdot}\;L^{-1}$ 및 0.000-0.804 $mgN\;{\cdot}\;L^{-1}$이였다. 규소농도는 0.0-6.2 $mgSi\;{\cdot}\;L^{-1}$의 범위로 3-5월에 매우 낮았으며, 계절적인 변화가 뚜렷히 나타났다. 저질의 입자는 0-125인 silt및 coarse silt로 이루어져 있으며, COD는 51.4-116.9 $mgO_2\;{\cdot}\;gdw^{-1}$로 평균 93.0 $mgO_2\;{\cdot}\;gdw^{-1}$ 이였다. 저질내의 TP및 TN의 농도는 각각 0.04-1.46 $mgP\;{\cdot}\;gdw^{-1}$ 및 0.12-1.03 $mgN\;{\cdot}\;gdw^{-1}$이었다. 표층의 엽록소 a의 정점별 평균값은 정점 1, 2 및 3에서 각각 15.6, 15.2 및 16.0 $mg\;{\cdot}\;m^{-3}$으로 유사하였다. 식물플랑크톤은 총 49종이 출현하였으며, 생물량은 50-23, 350 cells ${\cdot}\;mL^{-1}$로 2001년 9월에 가장 많았다. 이 시기의 우점종은 녹조류인 Schroederia judayi이였으며, 생물량은 20,417 cells ${\cdot}\;mL^{-1}$이였다. 송지호의 수질을 개선하기 위해서는 인위적으로 화학성층을 파괴시켜 심충에 용존산소를 공급시켜야 할 것으로 판단되며, 모래톱으로 인해 막혀져 있는 해수

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1503-1510
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the physicochemical properties of Korean Citrus sudachi fruit which were harvested at different harvesting time(every 20 days from Sep. 3 to Nov. 8) and region(Seogwipo and Cheju city area). The average weight of Citrus sudachi fruit harvested from Seogwipo area was as twice as that of Cheju area at the same period. The moisture content in fruit peel increased by ripening of fruit, but that of fruit juice showed no difference. The content of reducing sugar in fruit peel and fruit juice increased 2 times from Sep. 3 to Nov. 8. The content of crude fiber decreased both in fruit peel and fruit juice as progression of ripening. Crude protein and ash contents decreased in fruit peel but revealed no differences in the fruit juice during the same period. pH decreased in fruit peel and juice with its ripening. The content of vitamin C decreased by ripening of fruit. The transmittance which is important quality factor in fruit juice increased from Sep. 20 to Oct. 13. The content of free sugar increased about 2 times in fruit peel from Sep. 3 to Nov. 8 and showed 4 times increase in fruit juice at the same period. In the composition ratio of mineral, Ca and K were abundant in the fruit peel, but only K was the most abundant mineral in fruit juice than any others.