• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2021

Risk factors that threaten public safety such as crime, fire, and traffic accidents have spatial characteristics. Since each region has different dangerous environments, it is necessary to analyze the spatial pattern of risk factors for each sector such as traffic accident, fire, crime, and living safety. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of local safety level index, which act as an index that rates the safety level of each sector (traffic accident, fire, crime, living safety, suicide, and infectious disease) for basic local governments across the nation. The following analysis tools were used to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of local safety level index : Global Moran's I, Local Moran's I, and Getis-Ord's G⁎i. The result of the analysis shows that the distribution of safety level on traffic accidents, fire, and suicide tends to be more clustered spatially compared to the safety level on crime, living safety, and infectious disease. As a result of analyzing significant spatial correlations between different regions, it was found that the Seoul metropolitan areas are relatively safe compared to other cities based on the integrated index of local safety. In addition, hot spot analysis using statistical values from Getis-Ord's G⁎i derived three hot spots(Samchuck, Cheongsong-gun, and Gimje) in which safety-vulnerable areas are clustered and 15 cold spots which are clusters of areas with high safety levels. These research findings can be used as basic data when the government is making policies to improve the safety level by identifying the spatial distribution and the spatial pattern in areas with vulnerable safety levels.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.149-154
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• 2010

건축기술의 눈부신 발전과 경제적 가치추구 등에 따른 국가 사회적 수요로 인하여 초고층 건축물의 건설물량은 이들 건축물에 대한 효과적인 피난안전대책을 정립하기도 전에 급속히 증가하는 추세이다. 우리나라는 2009년 7월 16일 재정된 건축법 시행령을 통하여 층수가 50층 이상이거나 높이가 200미터 이상인 건축물을 '초고층 건축물'로 규정하고, 이러한 건축물의 피난안전을 위하여 지상층으로부터 최대 30개 층마다 설치하는 대피공간을 '피난안전구역'으로 정의하였다. 이후 2010년 2월 18일 개정령에서는 초고층 건축물의 피난안전구역을 건축물의 '피난층'으로 인정하기에 이르렀다. 그러나 피난대상인원 등에 따른 대피공간의 면적이나 구조 등 내부시설에 대한 설치기준이 없어 피난안전구역으로서의 충분한 신뢰성을 확보하지 못하고 있어 이에 대한 심층적 연구와 기준의 개선이 필요한 실정이다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 2001

The OECD defines regulatory reform as both better regulation and deregulation, and emphasizes that governments must continue to regulate in areas such as environmental quality and safety. In contrast, Korean regulatory reform in fire services in the 1990s shows quite a strange trend, having been carried out only to the direction of softening and abolishing regulations. In the UK, fire prevention legislation has been strengthened since the enactment of the Fire Precautions Act 1971, and the Building Regulations 1991, which apply to all new buildings including a private house, require that there should be at least one smoke alarm on each floor. This research shows that the tightening of fire prevention legislation in the UK has promoted fire safety, which is very instructive for Korean fire services. In order for Korean fire services to protect citizens'lives and property from fires, one of basic directions of regulatory reform, to improve the quality of regulations relating to safety, health and the environment, should be observed strictly. Moreover, the flexibility of the basic direction of regulatory reform should be ensured so that the regulations concerning safety could be even increased under the overall reform strategy of reducing all regulations.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.38-44
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• 2012

The purpose of fire protection for the nuclear power plants (NPPs) is to ensure safe shutdown state of the reactor, to minimize the release of radioactive materials to the environment, to provide physical safety of the on-site personnel, and to limit the property damage. Fire protection and extinguishing equipments are one of the important protection measures based on the defense-in-depth concept, which can promptly detect and control and extinguish those fires that do occur, thereby limiting fire damage. However, a separate evaluation process might be additionally necessary for the construction permit and operating license because the fire protection laws of the NEMA for installation standards of the fire protection systems is not fully characterized for the NPPs. It is also not easy to implement the regulations such as the performance based design concept for fire protection system of the NPPs which are characterized for a relatively low density of employee. This study suggests a guideline for the improvement of the technical standards for fire protection systems of the NPPs by evaluating the fundamental problems drawn by reviewing laws and regulatory guides relevant to fire protection and by evaluating the applicability of the KEPIC FPN in domestic nuclear power plants.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.235-238
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• 2020

In the smart home era, fire safety is very important for human life and facility safety. Casualties and property damage from the fire would be a huge national loss. In this paper, we propose to predict the risk by determining the operating time of the fire detector according to the fire in the smart home. Among IoT fire detectors, heat detectors and smoke detectors, the risk can be predicted due to the difference in the operating time depending on the fire. Based on the results of this experiment, the ion-type smoke detector shows very fast characteristics, so it would be good to use the results in future fire prevention facility.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.108-115
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• 2016

Fire detectors play an important role in alerting the related people to the initial stages of fire to protect assets and life. Therefore, the performance in detecting fires in the early stages without the risk of false alarms is important. Owing to a recent revision of the national fire safety standards to install smoke detectors in living rooms used for sleeping, staying, hospitalizing in apartment house/efficiency apartment/lodging facility/medical facility/facility for elderly and young, the application of smoke detectors is increasing. On the other hand, there is lack of research in preventing false alarms. This study improved algorithms to prevent false alarms in analog photoelectric smoke detector's due to sudden dust and better classify pollution and fire signals through a self-compensatory function. Through this study, alternatives are suggested to reduce the number of false alarms of Analog Photoelectric smoke detectors, and prevent financial losses due to false alarms.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2004

Today's popular ventilation systems include the combined jet fans and electrostatic precipitation systems or the combined jet fans and vertical shaft system. Tunnels with these two ventilation systems applied have been designed and opened, more and more interest has been put in maintenance of a tunnel after opening. Therefore. it is to become more important to come up with the optimal operation mode and the method for the evaluation of ventilation system. In this study, to evaluate a tunnel ventilation and its economy, a dynamic simulation program was developed which can simulate the unsteady-state tunnel air velocity and concentration of pollutants according to the traffic flow variations and operation condition of a ventilation system. We clarified the effectiveness usage on tunnel ventilation by using it and also we could found the most economical ventilation operation mode by application in real exit tunnel. We obtained that combination of fan system and electrostatic precipitation system was more economical than jet fan priority operation mode.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.307-319
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• 2010

As we learned in Daegu subway fire accident, fire in the railway tunnel is prone to develop to large disaster due to the limitation of smoke control and smoke exhaust. In railway tunnel, in order to ensure fire safety, fire prevention and fighting systems are installed by quantitative risk assessment results. Therefore, in this research, developed the program to establish quantitative risk assessment and suggested quantitative safety assessment method including fire scenarios in railway tunnel, fire and evacuation analysis model, fatality estimate model and societal risk criteria. Moreover, this method applys to plan preventing disaster for Honam high speed railway tunnel. As results, we presented the proper distance of escape route and societal risk criteria.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 1994

이 논문은 설계상의 안전 및 완전한 정량적 위험성 평가에 의해 맞추는 것이 가능한 여러가지 방법(QRA: Quantitative risk analysis)에 촛점을 두면서, 위험성 평가의 방법론의 간략한 개요를 소개하고 있다. QRA의 결과는 단독 위험 및 그룹 혹은 사회적 위험으로써 보통 소개된다. 계산된 단독 risk는 자주 단독 위험 graph(IRG : Individual risk graph)와 단독 위험등고선(IRC : Individual risk contours)의 형으로 나타낸다. IRG와 IRC는 예를 들면 다음과 같은 사고의 시나리오로 계산된다. : 여러가지 기상조건 하에서 2kg/s의 암모니아의 유출을 1800s로 한다. 이 예는 그래프가 곡선의 상승을 나타내는 것이 확실하다. 마지막으로, QRA는 예를 들어서 토지이용계획 등에 유용한 수단으로 될 수 있다고 할 수 있다. 한편 화학플랜트의 안전에 대해서는, 위험성 평가를 위해 다른 방법이 유효하며, 불가피하다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.51-57
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• 1994

본문에서는 다음사항에 대해 논한다 ; 1. 미국의 화학공업산업 분야에서 현재 행하고 있는 손실관리 기법 2. 손실관리기법의 발전 과정 3. 앞으로의 손실관리기법 동향 미국내의 화학공장들은 경제적, 사회적 그리고 정치적 영향을 받으면서 운영되고 있다. 이들 각기 다른 영향의 상충은 솔선적이고 규제성이 있는 행동으로 이어지게 되었는데 이러한 행동은 오늘날 매우 잘 알려진 공정 안전관리 (Process Safety Management)의 근간이 되었다.