• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.129-132
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• 2012

본 연구는 건축물의 초기화재성상의 주요인자인 화재성장율 예측을 위하여, 일본 송산(松山)모델을 사용하여 예측값을 도출한 결과, 화재성장율은 $0.0144t^2$로 나타났다. 또한 이를 실규모실험(ISO-9705)와 FDS 해석값과 비교한 결과, $Q_{peak}$을 고려한다면 신뢰할 수 있다고 판단 할 수 있지만 약100초 이상의 결과에서는 환기인자 등에 관한 변수에 대한 고려가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.62-68
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• 2011

A series of fire tests involving realistic solid combustible materials was conducted to quantify the heat release rate and investigate the fire growth characteristics during the initial fire growth stage. For these tests, single/double wood cribs, urethane cushion having polypropylene covers and wood crib on nylon carpet with urethane carpet padding were used as a fuel source. The fire growth coefficient of the solid combustible materials was quantified and the fire growth characteristics were compared with the $t^2$ fire scenario. The mean effective heat of combustion was evaluated by the total mass loss of fuel and total energy release concept and examined the effect of the ventilation and fire condition. The present study provides the practical information on the fire growth characteristics of solid combustible material to design to a set of fire scenarios for the fire risk analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.279-283
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 화재시 대규모 피해가 우려되는 승용차 밀집 공간을 가정하여 인접한 승용차로의 화재 전파 특성을 파악하기 위한 실물화재 실험을 실시하였다. 실험은 인접한 두 대의 승용차중 한 대의 차량에 화재를 발생시켜 화재가 성장되고 전파되는 과정을 분석하였으며, 산소소모율법을 적용한 발열량 측정이 동시에 이루어 졌다. 측정 결과 최대 열방출율은 약 9MW로 측정되어 선행된 승용차 한 대의 측정 발열량보다 약 2.5배이상 높은 범위의 값으로 평가되었다. 특히, 인접된 승용차로의 전파는 화재 발생후 약 3분 30초 경과후 창문으로 출화된 화염에 의하여 옆 차량에 화재가 전파되기 시작하였으며, 15분 경과후 완전히 화재가 전이되어 발달되었다. 따라서, 밀폐된 주차장에서의 화재시 발생초기에 가연 공간에서 화재가 진화가 이루어지지 않으면 약 3분 내에 다른 차량으로의 화재 전파가 우려 되며, 이후 급격한 피해를 줄 수 있는 상태로 화재가 성장하기 때문에 신속한 초기 대응이 필요함을 확인하였다. 이러한 실물화재실험에서 얻어낸 결과는 향후 여러 수치해석의 입력 조건으로 활용이 가능할 것이며, 화재 안전 설비 계획에 기본 자료로서 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.133-135
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• 2012

The Fire growth rate(kW/s²) is significant impact on initial fire behavior in fire safety design of buildings. As a result of domestic existing combustibles, this study analyzed considering matters in techniques for calculating caloric values, and then made an investigation sheet. By utilizing written combustion sheets, the study could suggest a standard model at common houses and dense ones after getting caloric value information in dense ones. As a result, fire growth rate is experiment 1(0.01), experiment 2(0.0048), FDS(0.0072), MATSUYAMA equation(0.0144).

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.346-351
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 화재시 많은 인명피해가 예상되는 공동 주택을 대상으로 단위공간별 화재 성상을 예측하기 위한 실물화재실험을 실시하였다. 구성된 실물화재모델은 비교적 가연물량이 많은 침실과 화재 발생 위험도가 높은 주방을 대상으로 하였으며, 실험 모델에 구성된 단위품목은 일반주택의 가연물을 선조사 한 후 선정하였다. 실험결과 침실의 경우 점화 후 약 5분이 경과되었을 때 플래쉬오버 상태에 이르게 되어 매우 급격한 성장을 보였으며, 최대 열방출율 약 7433.3 kW, 최대 일산화탄소 578.6 ppm, 최대 이산화탄소 1.25ppm, 내부 최대온도 1350$^{\circ}$로 측정 되었다. 특히, 화재 발생 초기에 가연 공간에서 화재의 진화가 이루어지지 않으면 약 3분 내에 인체에 급격한 피해를 줄 수 있는 한계온도 이상으로 화재가 성장하기 때문에 신속한 초기 대응이 필요함을 확인하였다. 이러한 실물화 재실험에서 얻어낸 결과는 향후 화재확대 예측 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교함으로써 각 용도별 공간에서의 화재 확산 예측에 적용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.20-27
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• 2019

In this study, a new function with higher accuracy for fire heat release rate prediction was developed. The 'αt²' curve, which is the major exponential function currently used for fire engineering calculations, must be improved to minimize the prediction gap that causes fire system engineering inefficiency and lower cost-effectiveness. The newly developed prediction function was designed to cover the initial fire stage that features rapid growth based on logistic function theory, which has a more logical background and graphical similarity compared to conventional exponential function methods for 'αt²'. The new function developed in this study showed apparently higher prediction accuracy over wider range of fire growth durations. With the progress of fire growth pattern studies, the results presented herein will contribute towards more effective fire protection engineering.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.37-42
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• 2016

The present study has been performed to examine the feasibility of a flame spread model on the design fire scenario for fire risk analysis. Thermo-Gravimetric analysis and sample burning test were conducted to obtain the material properties of a single couch covered with synthetic leather material and a series of FDS calculations applying with the measured material properties were performed for different grid sizes. The overall fire growth characteristics predicted by the fire model were quite different from the results of a real scale fire test and the initial peak value of the HRR and total released energy showed the results within a 30% discrepancy for the computational grids used in the present study. The current model has some limitations in predicting the fire growth characteristics, such as fire growth rate and the time to the maximum HRR. This study shows that the fire model may be applicable to creating the design fire scenario through continuous model improvement and detailed material properties.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.40-49
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• 2009

A large-scale fire test was conducted for interior materials from a vehicle installed within a fire test room (ISO 9705). The interior materials are satisfying the Korean guideline for the safety of rail vehicles, where the guideline has taken effect since December 2004 in Korea. The output of ignition source (gas burner) was increased in several controlled steps. The objectives of this test are to assess the fire performance in terms of ignition and flame spread on interior lining materials and to provide data on an enclosure fires involving train interior materials that grow to flashover. These data will be used to develop and calibrate models for fire growth on the interiors of the railway vehicle.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.349-356
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• 2020

The heat release rate (HRR) and fire growth rate of fire for the solid combustibles consisting of multi-materials was measured through the ISO 9705 room corner test, and the computational analysis in a closed compartment was performed to simulate a fire using the heat release rate prediction model provided by a Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The method of predicting the heat release rate provided by the FDS was divided into a simple model and a pyrolysis model. Each model was applied and computational analysis was performed under the same conditions. As the solid combustible consisting of multi-materials, a cinema chair composed mostly of PU foam, PP, and steel was selected. The simple model was over-predicted compared to the predicted heat release rate and fire growth rate using the pyrolysis model in a closed compartment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.278-281
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• 2012

사무공간의 화재성상을 예측하기 위해 화재하중 $25kg/m^2$ 값을 적용하여 $2.4(L){\times}3.6(W){\times}2.4(H)\;m$ 크기의 Mock-up 화재실험을 진행하였다. 화재실험은 실물화재실험 장비인 LSC(Large Scale Calorimeter)에서 실시하였으며, 열방출률 및 질량감소율을 측정하였다. 실물화재실험 시작 후 약 1110 초에 플래시오버가 발생하였으며, 최대 열발출률은 1241.1 KW로 측정되었고 질량은 초기 219 kg에서 102 kg로 감소하였다.