• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.286-291
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• 2004

Mediastinum is a very rare primary site of liposarcoma. In general, wide surgical excision with adequate resection margin is the treatment of choice for lipesarcoma. We experienced a case of liposarcoma in a 24 year-old male who complained of dyspnea and chest discomfort. Symptoms had been developed a month before admission, and the intensity had been gradually increased. He visited another general hospital, and there he received left closed thoracostomy because hemothorax was suspected. Afterwards, he was transferred to our hospital without a specific diagnosis, on review of outside chest computed tomography film, mass shadow was detected in the mediastinum. For the further evaluation, we checked the chest sonography and chest magnetic resonance imaging. MRI showed 10 cm sized mass contacted with pulmonary artery trunk and left main pulmonary artery. The radiologist strongly suggested sarcoma. On the 4th day after admission, we performed emergent exploratory left thoracotomy for hematoma evacuation because mediastinal shifting progressed and heart rate was increased. Biopsy confirmed that the evacuated materials were extraskeletal myxoid chondresarcoma, so we performed extrapleural left pneumonectomy including diaphragm and a part of the pericardium. The final pathologic diagnosis was myxoid/round cell liposarcoma. He was discharged without complication and systemic chemotherapy was scheduled to begin 2 month later. During chemotherapy, local recurrence and peritoneal metastasis developed, and he died 10 month after the surgical excision. We report this case with reviewal of literature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.113-113
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 나일틸라피아, Oreochomis niloticus를 대상으로 염화나트륨, 포르말린 및 과망간산칼륨에 의한 24시간 급성독성 조사를 실시하였다. 부화 후 14일의 양식산 나일틸라피아 치어(평균 전장 14.8±1.1 mm, 평균 체중 0.05±0.01 g)를 공시어로 사용하였다. 3반복 실험 후의 각 농도에 따른 24시 간 LC/sub 50/ 값과 95% 유의수준에서의 상한치와 하한치는 Litchfield and Wilcoxon 법(US EPA, 1978)에 따른 'probit analysis' software로 계산하였다. 각 처리군의 24시간 LC/sub 50/은 매우 좁은 농도 범위 내에서 급성독성 값에 대한 신뢰범위가 결정되었으며, 처리 농도 증가에 따라 매우 유의한 농도 의존성을 나타내었다. 대조군 나일틸라피아 치어는 희석수에 24시간 처리시 모두 생존하였다. 염화나트륨의 24시간 LC/sub 50/ 값은 18.6‰ 이었으며 95% 신뢰한계의 상한치는 18.7‰, 하한치는 18.5‰ 이었다. 포르말린의 24시간 LC/sub 50/ 값은 152 ppm 이었으며 95% 신뢰한계의 상한치는 156 ppm, 하한치는 148 ppm 이었다. 과망간산칼륨의 24시간 LC/sub 50/ 값은 2.09 ppm 이었으며 95% 신뢰한계 상한치는 2.11 ppm, 하한치는 2.07 ppm 이었다. 포르말린과 과망간산칼륨의 24시간 처리시 죽은 나일틸라피아 치어 개체들은 공통적으로 호흡 장애로 기인된다고 판단되는, 아가미덮개 열림과 아울러 입이 열렸고, 표피 점액에 손상을 입는 독성 증후를 보였다. 본 연구 결과와 더불어 앞으로, 1시간 혹은 2시간의 영향농도(Effect concentration) 파악, stage 민감도 조사, 처리 시간 및 처리 환경을 달리한 급성독성에 관한 연구가 필요할 것이다.}C$에서 전반적으로 증가하였으며, 저 수온인 15$^{\circ}C$는 4 시간까지 낮아지다가 이후 증가 되었다. Hb농도는 3$0^{\circ}C$및 $25^{\circ}C$에서 전반적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 4 시간째 일시적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 15$^{\circ}C$에서는 4시간째까지는 감소되었다가 6 시간째에는 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 증가된 경향은 온도가 높아질수록 용존 산소의 포화도가 낮아져 산소부족 요인에 의해 적혈구수의 증가와 함께 Ht수치도 높아지며 아가미운동을 통한 혈액으로의 산소운반이 능동적으로 이루어지고 있음을 나타내고 있다. 혈장 코티졸의 농도는 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 1$0^{\circ}C$및 3$0^{\circ}C$에서는 1 시간까지 증가되었다가 회복되는 경향을 나타내었다. 신장에서의 SOD활성은 $25^{\circ}C$인 경우 대조구보다 높은 값을 유지하였다. 하지만, 30도에서는 4 시간째까지 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 이후 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 저온인 1$0^{\circ}C$에서는 감소하였다. 간장에서의 CAT의 활성은 3$0^{\circ}C$인 경우 4시간까지 $25^{\circ}C$ 및 15$^{\circ}C$에서는 2 시간까지 증가하였다가 이후 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 고ㆍ저 수온변화에 따른 스트레스가 장기화될 경우 어체의 건강상에 문제점의 발생하여 대량 폐사 및 질병발생의 야기될 것으로 사료된다.은 먹이 공급 6시간 후 가장 높은 값인 44.19$\pm$

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.482-485
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• 2013

This case report describes the increment of regulatory T cells in thyroid carcinoma of a mixed breed dog compared with normal dogs. A mixed breed dog was referred for a submandibular mass and hyperthermia. Right cervical mass was detected during the physical examination and radiography identified right cervical mass suspected thyroid gland. Accurate location and size of mass was confirmed using computed tomography and 3D reconstructed images. After confirmation of mass, surgical resection was performed and evaluation of regulatory T cells in blood of this patient was performed using flow cytometric assay. The percentage of regulatory T cells was 38.28% of all CD4 (+)/CD25 (+) T cells. This result was higher than median percentage of regulatory T cells of healthy 8 beagles ($7.66{\pm}1.65%$ (p<0.01) of all CD4 (+)/CD25 (+) T cells). And masses were confirmed as giant cell thyroid carcinoma based on histopathologic examination. After surgical resection of cervical mass was performed, the owner didn't want chemotherapy. Seven days later, cervical mass came out again. And CBC showed severe leukocytosis (WBC $47.6{\times}10^3/{\mu}L$) and non-regenerative anemia (PCV 21%). Suspected pulmonic metastasis regions became more severe. Finally the dog died of severe anemia and respiratory disorder.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2001

The fertilized eggs of Hyporhampus sajori (Temminck et Schlegel) were collected on the shore of Youngil Bay, Phohang-shi, Korea, on May 27, 1991, and were hatched and reared in the laboratory to investigate osteological development of larvae and juveniles. The newly hatched larvae were 7.00~8.50 mm (mean 7.80 mm, n = 5) in total length (TL) and had an ossified cranium, visceral skeleton and shoulder girdle bones. At 8 days, the larvae had attained 10.07~14.75 mm (mean 13.07 mm, n = 5) in TL had elongated dentaries anteriorly, and their vertebral columns were posteriory ossified. At 14 days, the larvae had attained 17.62~19.35 mm (mean 19.20 mm, n = 5) in TL, had ossified pterygiophores, and 41 slender ribs on the vertbrae. At 16 days, the larvae were 18.90~24.72 mm (mean 23.00 mm, n = 5) in TL and had three ossified epurals. Ossification of the jaw bone and operculum of the newly hatched larvae, which was related to feeding and respiration was almost completed 37 days after hatching.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.313-318
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• 2004

This study was conducted to compare development of browning in minimally processed mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus Sing.) by picking season and postharvest holding time of the raw material. 'White' type of the mushrooms were harvested and minimally processed immediately after harvest or holding at 2$^{\circ}C$ for 7 days after picking in 4 seasons. The processed mushrooms were kept at 5$^{\circ}C$, and changes in surface color and content of total phenolic compounds of the mushrooms were measured. Respiration rate of the whole mushrooms was ranged from 9.55 to 17.93 mL C0$_{2}$/kg$\cdot$ hr, and the rate was low in mushrooms harvested in summer and autumn compared with those picked in spring and winter. Hunter L value of the mushrooms decreased rapidly just after slicing, especially in summer-harvest mushrooms. The mushrooms processed with the raw materials stored at 2$^{\circ}C$ for 7 days after harvest showed the lowest 'L' value among the sliced mushrooms prepared at different holding time. Consequently, summer-harvest mushrooms and the mushrooms kept at 2$^{\circ}C$ for more than 7 days after harvest would be unsuitable for minimally processing due to rapid browning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2002

As an alternative to methyl bromide (MeBr) fumigation for the control of quarantine pests of pears (Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Niitaka), the effect of gamma irradiation (0.5~3 kGy) was comparatively investigated. Insects found in the pears were identified Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi Koch, which were of quarantine importance. These insects were easily destroyed by MeBr even one day after fumigation. Whereas irradiation at 0.5~2 kGy was not enough to reach the mortality, even if 3 kGy showed the same mortality as MeBr after 17 days of treatment. Respiration of pears was stimulated by both increased doses of irradiation and MeBr fumigation. The rates of surface blackening and core browning were accelerated by MeBr rather than higher doses of irradiation. While the changes in flesh firmness and surface color were more apparent in irradiated samples at above 2 kGy than MeBr. There were negligible differences in the contents of titratable acidity, acetaldehyde and ethanol by the treatment conditions except for 3 kGy-irradiated group. Sensory evaluation showed that mere than 1 kGy was the threshold to induce the significant changes in quality of pears.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1308-1312
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• 2016

Heavy metals such as gallium (Ga) cause serious physiological damage to exposed organisms, mostly of aquatic species. Ga one of the inter-metallic, transition elements increasingly being used in making high-speed semiconductors, such as Ga arsenide. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of Ga on acute toxicity, serum biochemical changes, and erythrocyte morphological changes in the blood stream of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Median lethal concentrations were determined in acute tests. The 96 hr $LC_{50}$ value was 9.15 mg/ml. Goldfish were exposed to different Ga concentrations (2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg/ml) for 30 days to assess its toxic effects. The results indicate that the measured serum biochemistry parameters (including glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, and triglyceride) of the Ga-exposed fish groups differed significantly from the untreated fish group. In addition, a change in the erythrocytes' morphology at a high concentration (8.0 mg/ml) of Ga exposure shows respiratory problems. Our results suggest that 2.0 mg/ml is proposed as a biologically safe concentration that can be used for establishing tentative water quality criteria concerning the same-size goldfish.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2016

Purpose: An outbreak of influenza virus is uncommon in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The clinical presentation of influenza virus infection in neonates is diverse. This study was aimed to report an outbreak of influenza A in a NICU and to investigate the clinical characteristics of influenza virus infection in neonates especially preterm infants during the 2011-2012 influenza season in Korea. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 29 patients who were evaluated by respiratory virus multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at NICU of Kosin University Gospel Hospital during the 2011-2012 seasonal influenza outbreak in Korea. Results: Eleven patients (37.9%) were influenza A virus RT-PCR positive during the survey periods. They were all preterm infants and three of them had no symptoms. Eight patients had symptoms and it was fever (18%, 2/11), respiratory difficulty (72.7%, 8/11) without symptoms of upper respiratory infection, and gastrointestinal symptoms (27.3%, 3/11). The median duration of symptom was 5 days. There were differences of duration of admission at the test of respiratory RT-PCR, Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB) score, use of mechanical ventilation, and use of dexamethasone before infection between influenza A virus RT-PCR positive and negative group. All 11 patients with influenza A were discharged without any complications. Conclusions: The symptoms of influenza A virus infection in the preterm infants is nonspecific. Influenza A virus should be considered as a possible cause of infection in NICU during the influenza season in the community.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.897-904
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• 1996

A preoperative prediction of postoperative pulmonary function after the pulmonary resection should be made to prevent serious complications and postoperative mortality. There are several methods to predict postoperative lung function but the 99m7c-MAA perfusion lung scan is known as simple, inexpensive and easily tolerated method for patients. We studied the accuracy of the perfusion lung scan in predicting postoperative lung function on 34 patients who received either the resection of one lobe(17 patients) or 2 lobes(2 patients) or pneumonictomy(15 patients). We performed pulmonary function test and lung scan immediately before the operation and calculated the postoperative lung function by substracting the regional lung function which will be rejected. We compared this predictive value to the observed pulmonary function which was done 20 days after the surgery. We also compared the data achieved from 12 patients ho received open thoracotomy due to intrathoracic disease that are not confined in the lung. The correlation coefficient between the predicted value and observed value of FEVI .0 was 0.423, FVC was 0.557 in the pneumonectomy group and FEVI . 0 was 0.693, FVC was 0.591 in the lobectomy group. The correlation coefnclent between the'postoperative value and preoperative value of FEVI .0 was 0.528, FVC was 0.502 in the resectional group and FEVI .0 was 0.871, FVC was 0.896 in the comparatives. We concluded that the perfusion lung scan is accllrate in predicting post-resectional pulmonary function.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 1997

From July 1994 to August 1995, 32 patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. There were 14 men and 18 women. The mean age was 59 years (range from 37 to 81 years). Preoperatively 26 patients had unstable angina pectoris and 6 patients had stable angina pectoris. Nine patients had previous myocardial infarction hi tory. Five patients had preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less, The involved risk factors were as follows ; smoking 19 cases, hypertension 16 cases, hypercholesterolemia 14 cases, diabetes mellitus 6 cases, and obesity 3 cases.21 patients had three-vessel disease, 7 patients had two-vessel disease, 2 patients had one-vessel disease and 2 patients had left main coronary artery disease. We performed 103 distal bypasses out of 32 cases, and the mean number of grafts per patients is 3.22. We used arterial grafts (left internal mammary artery,)1, radial artery; 2) in 32% of total grafts. Postoperative complications were low cardiac output, perioperative myocardial infarction, respiratory failure and atrial fibrillation, etc. Early mortality was 6.25% (2/32). The causes of deaths were low cardiac output (1), and perioperative myocardial infarction(1).