• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.425-431
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• 2015

Measurement accuracy was evaluated for the respiratory air flow transducer developed for applications under emergent situations. Pressure-Flow calibration equation was obtained by acquisition of air flow signals from the transducer in response to 6 flow waveforms, similar to those of artificial ventilation, generated by the standard flow generator system. Tidal volume and maximal flow rate were calculated on the flow signal then compared with the error-free data obtained by the linear displacement transducer of the flow generator system. Mean relative error of the tidal volume was within 3% and that of the maximal flow rate, approximately 5%, demonstrating accurate enough measurements. Therefore, the transducer could be applied to emergent situations to monitor the respiratory air flow signal as well as diagnostic parameters in real time.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.135-139
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• 2013

We evaluated the effect of two kinds of breathing biofeedback technique such as audio-instruction and audio-visual biofeedback on breathing reproducibility and the CTV coverage during repeated treatment regimes in respiration-gated radiotherapy. In this study, the breathing data of nineteen lung cancer patients acquired from Medical College of Virginia (MCV) during five weeks were used. The dose evaluation algorithm was programmed in MATLAB. In the result, the CTV coverage was decreased as 30.0% due to the breathing irreproducibility for free-breathing. For audio-visual biofeedback, the CTV coverage was improved as 20.0% because patients can learn how control their breathing stably. And the audio-instruction was effective to preserve the breathing reproducibility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.819-827
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• 2023

If respiratory arrest occurs or cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is performed for a long period on board ships, CPR with rescue breathing (not compression-only CPR) is required. Accordingly, ships must have resuscitation equipment for oxygen supply, and seafarers must have the maritime competence to use it. This study aimed to analyze the placement status of resuscitation equipment on ships and seafarers' intention to use them in order to increase the usability of resuscitation equipment on board ships and propose improvement measures. The study was conducted from February 2, 2023, to April 21, 2023, and a total of 340 seafarers were surveyed. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, and chi-square test using SPSS WIN 23.0. The results showed that the checking of resuscitation equipment was high among seafarers in the positions of officer, captain, deck department personnel, and ocean-going personnel. The intention of seafarers to use resuscitation equipment was low, and the main barrier was the lack of knowledge on how to use. Among the general characteristics of the study participants, those whose rank was that of officer or captain, whose working department was the deck, voyage who were ocean-going, and who managed a gross tonnage of 20,000 tons or more had a high intention to use resuscitation equipment. Participants who knew the necessity of rescue breathing and had received practice and equipment-based training were active in using resuscitation equipment. Therefore, a system should be developed so that all ships can be equipped with resuscitation equipment, and an environment must be created to increase accessibility to resuscitation equipment on board ships. In addition, an education system based on practical and resuscitation equipment training must be established to ensure that seafarers have maritime competence.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2014

Purpose : This study has already started commercial Gated RapidArc automation equipment which was not previously in the Gated radiation therapy can be performed simultaneously with the VMAT Gated RapidArc radiation therapy to the accuracy of the analysis to evaluate the usability, Amplitude mode applied to the patient. Materials and Methods : The analysis of the distribution of radiation dose equivalent quality solid water phantom and GafChromic film was used Film QA film analysis program using the Gamma factor (3%, 3 mm). Three-dimensional dose distribution in order to check the accuracy of Matrixx dosimetry equipment and Compass was used for dose analysis program. Periodic breathing synchronized with solid phantom signals Phantom 4D Phantom and Varian RPM was created by breathing synchronized system, free breathing and breath holding at each of the dose distribution was analyzed. In order to apply to four patients from February 2013 to August 2013 with liver cancer targets enough to get a picture of 4DCT respiratory cycle and then patients are pratice to meet patient's breathing cycle phase mode using the patient eye goggles to see the pattern of the respiratory cycle to be able to follow exactly in a while 4DCT images were acquired. Gated RapidArc treatment Amplitude mode in order to create the breathing cycle breathing performed three times, and then at intervals of 40% to 60% 5-6 seconds and breathing exercises that can not stand (Fig. 5), 40% While they are treated 60% in the interval Beam On hold your breath when you press the button in a way that was treated with semi-automatic. Results : Non-respiratory and respiratory rotational intensity modulated radiation therapy technique absolute calculation dose of using computerized treatment plan were shown a difference of less than 1%, the difference between treatment technique was also less than 1%. Gamma (3%, 3 mm) and showed 99% agreement, each organ-specific dose difference were generally greater than 95% agreement. The rotational intensity modulated radiation therapy, respiratory synchronized to the respiratory cycle created Amplitude mode and the actual patient's breathing cycle could be seen that a good agreement. Conclusion : When you are treated Non-respiratory and respiratory method between volumetric intensity modulated radiation therapy rotation of the absolute dose and dose distribution showed a very good agreement. This breathing technique tuning volumetric intensity modulated radiation therapy using a rotary moving along the thoracic or abdominal breathing can be applied to the treatment of tumors is considered. The actual treatment of patients through the goggles of the respiratory cycle to create Amplitude mode Gated RapidArc treatment equipment that does not automatically apply to the results about 5-6 seconds stopped breathing in breathing synchronized rotary volumetric intensity modulated radiation therapy facilitate could see complement.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.109-116
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• 2019

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of pauses and breath groups made by normal adults and patients with voice disorders while reading a paragraph. Forty normal female adults and forty female patients with a functional voice disorder (18-45 yrs.) read the "Gaeul" paragraph with the "Running Speech" protocol of the Phonatory Aerodynamic System (PAS), by which the pauses with or without inspiration and between or within syntactic words and breath groups were analyzed. The number of pauses with inspiration was found to be higher in the patient group, but the number of pauses without inspiration was higher in the normal group. The rate of syntactic word boundaries with pauses with inspiration was higher in the patient group, while the number of syllables per breath group was higher in the normal group. As these results can be explained by patients' poor breath support due to glottal insufficiency, the question of whether voice disorder patients use their pauses and breath groups properly should be considered carefully in evaluation and intervention.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1979.05a
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• pp.8.2-8
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• 1979

Acute obstruction of the upper airway from trachea, a foreign body or Iaryngospasm may lead to death in a few minutes. The immediate restoration of an adequate airway in these patients may be lifesaving. Spontaneous respiration by means of a needle inserted into the trachea was studied in 21 rabbits using 16, 18, and 20 gauge extrcatheters. The results are as follows; 1) Airway resistance was markedly increased in all experimental animals. consequently tidal volume was also significantly decreased, but this seems to be compensatory by increased of respiratory frequency in l6G group. 2) Blood gas analysis revealed adequate pulmonary ventilation through the constricted airway (about 1/3 of normal sized trachea) during 60 minutes. In the other hand, hypercarbia, hypoxemia, and metabolic acidosis were developed in the group with severe constriction of the upper airway (about 1/4-1/6 of normal sized trachea). 3) The further study is postulated to confirm the the possibility of application of needle trcheostomy in man, but the rabbits were tolerable to the constricted airway with a small sized needle (l6G) into the trachea for 60 minutes.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2024

Background: Breathing, which can be voluntarily controlled, is understood to improve autonomic nervous system dysfunction caused by irregular lifestyle habits and stress. Purpose: This study aims to design a musical instrument for breathing excise and to present preliminary cases demonstrating the effectiveness of the breathing exercise with the instrument. Method: Based on a palm flute, a musical instrument was designed to produce the intended sound when exhaling softly, evenly, and for a long duration using the diaphragm. The instrument was applied to 4 individuals with symptoms of autonomic nervous system imbalance, and its effects were evaluated. Results: Case A (62 years old, male); After 1 hour of daily breathing excise for 2 weeks, the subject was able to discontinue the use of sleep-inducing medication, which had been taken for 5 years, and showed improvement in symptoms of overactive bladder. Case B (35 years old, male); After 30 minutes of breathing excise daily for 2 months, the subject's sleep patterns improved, and insomnia symptoms were alleviated. Case C (57 years old, female); After 30 minutes of breathing excise, 3 times per week for 4 weeks, the time required to fall asleep was significantly reduced, and sleep quality was enhanced. Case D (67 years old, male); After 1 hour of daily breathing excise for 1 week, the subject's insomnia improved. Conclusion: The proposed breathing excise instrument which efficiently trains exhalation is understood to positively influences the parasympathetic nervous system. The instrument is expected to hold potential for effective use in natural healing programs, aimed at restoring and maintaining autonomic nervous system balance.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.2883-2886
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• 2003

좋은 발성을 위하여 음성이 만들어지려면, 뇌의 언어중추의 명령에 의하여 신경망을 통하여 ‘호흡기관(폐와 흉곽. 호흡관련 근육들)’과 ‘발성기관(주로 후두 즉 성대)’ 그리고 ‘조음, 공명기관(인두, 구강 및 비강)’의 근육들이 유기적으로 작용하여야 한다. 이런 협력 체제에 문제가 생기면, 다양한 종류의 질환이 유발될 수 있다[1,2]. 현재 임상에서 음성 분석을 위해 사용되는 시스템은 대부분 성대의 진동을 측정하기 위해 stroboscopy, 전기성문파형검법 (EGG, electroglottography), 후두근전도 중의 한 방법과 음성 분석을 위한 분석 프로그램으로 구성되어 있다. 그러나, 발성은 호흡과 매우 밀접한 관계가 있어 음성, 성대의 진동, 호흡 관계를 종합적으로 관찰할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 발성 시 성대 점막의 접촉 양상은 ECG 로 측정하며, 발성의 주 에너지원이 되는 호흡의 변화를 2 channel 인덕턴스 호흡감시 장치(RIP: repiratory inductive plethymography)를 이용하여 흉곽의 움직임과 상 복강의 움직임에 대하여 측정하며, 발성되는 음성은 마이크로폰을 통하여 측정하는 ‘EGG, 음성, 호흡 통합검사 장치’를 개발하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2024.01a
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• pp.195-198
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• 2024

이 연구의 목적은 EMG 바이오피드백을 이용한 가로막 호흡 재교육 운동이 전방머리자세 성인의 들숨 기능의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 이연구 결과 EBDBEG에서 최대들숨압(PIP) 유의하게 증가하였다(P<.0.5). 따라서 바이오피트백을 적용한 시각적 되먹임을 통해 가로막호흡운동 시 보다 정확하게 가로막의 수축과 이완의 움직임을 인지하고 호흡 보조근을 억제를 유도할 수 있을 거라 생각되며 좀 더 장시간의 적용은 호흡기능 및 전방머리자세에도 긍정적인 역할을 할 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.574-582
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• 1997

Background : Normal humans meet the increased ventilatory need during exercise initially by the increase of tidal volume (TV) and later by the increase of respiratory frequency (Rf). And the inspiratory duty cycle (Ti/Ttot) is also increased more than 50% for the compensation of the decrease of respiratory cycle provoked by the increase of respiratory frequency. The patients with chronic airflow obstruction show rapid and shallow breathing pattern during exercise because of the decreased ventilatory capacity and the increased dead space ventilation. However, the studies about the change of inspiratory duty cycle are only a few and there is no literature about the relationship between the change of inspiratory duty cycle and the degree of airflow obstruction. Methods : The subjects were the twelve patients with chronic airflow obstruction (CAO) and ten normal people. The incremental exercise test was done. The increase of work load was 10 W in CAO group and 25 W in normal control group. The analysis of the results was done by the comparison of the parameters such as minute ventilation (VE), TV, Rf, physiologic dead space (Vd/Vt), and inspiratory duty cycle between the two groups. Each parameters were compared after transformation into % control duration base that means dividing the total exercise time into five fractions and % control duration data were obtained at rest, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and max. Statistical analysis was done by repeated measure ANOVA using SAS program. Results : The changes of VE and TV were significantly different between two groups while the change of Rf was not significant. The decrease of Vd/Vt was significantly low in CAO group. Ti/Ttot was markedly increased from 38.4 + 3.0% at rest to 48.6 + 4.5% at max in normal control group while Ti/Ttot showed little change from 40.5 + 2.2% at rest to 42.6 + 3.5% at max. And the change of inspiratory duty cycle showed highly good correlation with the degree of airflow obstruction (FEV1%). (r=0.8151, p < 0.05). Conclusions : The increase of Ti/Ttot during exercise observed in normal humans is absent in the patients with CAO and the change of Ti/Ttot is well correlated with the degree of airflow obstruction.