• 한국노년학
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.503-518
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• 2007

The intergenerational support exchange depends on elder's objective conditions and social context, and its effects are diverse. I argue that not only capacity such as health condition and economic status but also relational properties among parent(s) and adult children are important to determine their reciprocal support exchange. Seoul area is selected, and 730 elders are interviewed to be analyzed quantitatively. The survey data are collected based on the structured questionnaire. Findings are partly supportive to the arguments presented above. The relational properties, especially coresidence, the number of adult children, and contact frequency independently influence reciprocal support. The better health conditions of parent(s) are, the more support to adult children is given. The economic status is related to financial support exchange only. The types of intergenerational support exchange include dependant, balanced, and generalized reciprocity. The most important determinant of the reciprocity is the elders' health condition.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.83-102
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• 2017

Expending on a life course perspective, this study explores the long-term and short-term reciprocity in parent-child relationships in Korean context. Since the reasons for providing filial support are believed to differ by gender, we focused on how a child's gender affects both types of reciprocity. Data were collected from middle-aged sons (N=726) and daughters (N=883) with at least one surviving parent. Logistic regression was then conducted in order to examine the relations between the support a child currently provides to parents and the current or previous support received from the parents. Dependent variables are financial and instrumental support that middle-aged child currently provide to the parents. The financial and instrumental support a child received from the parents within a year are included in the model as an independent variable to assess short-term reciprocity. The level of financial support a child has received during the transition to adulthood process is included in the model as a independent variable to explore long-term reciprocity. Result supports the existence of gender differences in the long-term reciprocity. Daughters provided instrumental support in response to the financial support that they had received from parents during the transition to adulthood process. However, for sons, this tendency was not found. When it comes to financial support, long-term reciprocity was observed neither for the sons nor for the daughters. Both sons and daughters are prone to provide financial support to the aged parents regardless of the level of financial support they had received during the transition to adulthood process. Short-term reciprocity was found both in sons and daughters. when they have been receiving a financial or an instrumental support from the aged parents within a year, they tend to provided instrumental support to the parents. This study shows that the aged parents still fulfill the reciprocal relationship to a certain degree. Secondly, we can conclude that the norm of reciprocity interplays with the norm of filial responsibility in contemporary Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.287-295
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• 2021

This study was conducted to determine the mediating effect of reciprocity in the relationship between emotional labor and turnover intention of clinical nurses. The subjects were nurses from hospitals with over 300 beds in G city, and 197 data were analyzed. Data were analyzed t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. As a result, the turnover intention showed a positive correlation with emotional labor and a negative correlation with reciprocity. The emotional labor showed a negative correlation with reciprocity. Reciprocity showed a partial mediating effect between emotional labor and turnover intention. The higher the emotional labor and the lower the sub-factors of reciprocity, the higher the intention to turnover. Therefore, although it is important to reduce emotional labor in order to reduce the intention of the organization to turn away from clinical nurses experiencing emotional labor, it suggests that efforts to improve reciprocity and to prepare management plan are important.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.65-76
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• 2020

This paper studied cooperation and reciprocity mechanism by analyzing game mechanics of MMORPG 'World of Warcraft: Classic'. MMORPG is the genre of game where social interaction vigorously occurs. This study figured out the structure of cooperation based on evolutionary psychology, anthropology and social psychology through participatory observation. Four cooperation and reciprocity mechanism were drawn through investigating game mechanics like instance dungeon, clear role setting, item, soulbind. In addition, this paper suggests providing ideas of making cooperation mechanism in the field of game design.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of nursing work environment and reciprocity on job embeddedness in the small and medium size hospital nurses. The data were collected from questionnaires filled out by 206 nurses. Data collection was performed from March 4 to 22, 2019. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 program. As a result of the research, the study model accounted for 66.0% of job embeddedness. The most powerful variable affecting job embeddedness was support system of nurse, among sub - variables of nursing work environment. Therefore, nursing managers should improve the nurse's job embeddedness by creating nursing work environment that supports nurses such as salary improvement, professional development and promotion opportunities. In addition, it suggests that improvement of hospital and nursing organization system is needed to maintain cooperative relationship with nursing team or other health care professionals.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.467-477
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of nursing emotional labor, role conflict, and reciprocity on turnover intention in comprehensive nursing care wards nurses. 209 nurses working in comprehensive nursing care wards across 13 hospitals in G and M city participated in this study. Data were analyzed descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. As a result, the research model explained 52.9%(F=14.458, p<.001) of intention to turnover. The most significant factor affecting turnover intention was emotional labor(β=.311), followed by reciprocity and role conflict. Therefore, it is necessary to devices and guidelines to protect nurses who encounter various situations in the process of emotional labor, and to implement a human resource management system that can maintain friendly and equal relationships.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.39
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• pp.102-139
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• 2007

This research studied how political online discussion participation and experiencing opinion disagreement during the discussion affect on civic attitudes(interpersonal trust and reciprocity) and civic participation through pretest-posttest control group experimental treatment. For results, first of all, online political discussion positively affects on civic attitude of participants, but it's effect was partial. Next, experiencing opinion disagreement can help to have rather improving civic attitude than reducing civic attitude. Finally, civic attitude consists of interpersonal trust and reciprocity acquired from online discussion also partially and positively affects on civic participation which is more affected by reciprocity than interpersonal trust. Regard to these effect of online discussion, civic attitude can be extended by participating political communication(discussion), and participating communicative associations lead to encourage civic attitude of them and function to reinforce social integration and social ties.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.122-137
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• 2010

Blogs are a new type of media that have recently become popular on the World Wide Web and have influence throughout society. The purpose of this study is to examine social motivations influencing intention of blog usage. Based on Technology Acceptance Model and Motivation Theory, this study considered perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, reputation, reciprocity, enjoyment of helping, social identity as the determinants of influencing the intention to use of blog. The suggested model was empirically evaluated using online survey data collection from 342 users of popular blog site in Korea (NAVER Blog, Cyworld minihompy, Daum Blog, and Yahoo Blog). The results revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, reciprocity, and social identity affect directly the intention of blog usage. Furthermore, social identity has moderate effect via reciprocity and enjoyment of helping on blog usage. This study contributes to a theoretical understanding of the factors as social motivation that affects the usage of blogs. Also, the results of this study provide blog service providers useful strategic insights and service guidelines to enhance user's intention of blogs practically.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.103-121
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• 2012

This study examines whether reciprocity exists in intergenerational resource transfers from middle-aged children to elderly parents. Analyzing data from a sample of 1123 middle-aged adults, this study highlights the importance of reciprocity in the transfer of resources between middle-aged adults and their elderly parents. The possibility of an inheritance shows a very strong effect on care-giving to elderly parents. Furthermore, past financial transfers from parents to middle-aged children correlates strongly with financial transfers from middle-aged children to their elderly parents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.305-308
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• 2013

본 연구는 농산물 전자상거래를 이용하는 소비자들의 신뢰와 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 소셜네트워크 특성을 분석함으로써 그동안 상대적으로 소홀했던 농산물 전자상거래 분야의 소셜네트워크 활용 방안 및 구매의도를 개선하기 위한 시사점을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 위해 농산물 전자상거래 이용 소비자들을 대상으로 소셜네트워크특성이 신뢰를 매개로 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 소셜네트워크 특성으로 도출한 교류빈도, 친밀감, 호혜성, 감정의 강도 중 친밀감, 호혜성, 감정의 강도는 신뢰에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 교류빈도는 정(+)의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 신뢰는 구매의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다.