• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.677-685
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• 2014

Despite the significant benefits of BIM (Building Information Modeling), it is not being vitalized for the facilities that are designed based on the horizontal and vertical alignments because of the lack of flexibility in manipulating surface models generated based on alignments. Alignment-based design produces a surface model in one piece through the definition of the typical cross-section along the alignment. Therefore, linking these alignment-based 3D surface models, that are not modularized and difficult to partition, to the required attribute information is very difficult This paper presents design of a flexible BIM technology suitable for the alignment-based civil infrastructure by providing the partitioning functionality for surface models, the contents library for cross-sectional design components, and the attribute information along with the critical functionalities needed for the design, construction and maintenance of alignment-based civil infrastructure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.99-111
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to segment the elderly women's apparel market according to their benefits sought and to develop the profiles of each segment. Questionnaire survey was done to 500 elderly women aged over 55 in Chonbuk province from Mar. 1. to Mar. 15, 2000, and 360 questionnaires were used. Frequencies, percentages, means, factor analysis, cluster analysis, $\chi$$^2$-test, and ANOVA were done with SPSS Win+. Duncan's Multiple Range test was followed. The factors of clothing benefits ere consisted of fashion, brand loyalty, economy, practicality, activity, and utility. The elderly women segmented into 4 groups of the reasonability pursuit, th economy & practicality, the benefit unconscious, and the fashion & brand pursuit. The fashion information sources were divided into mass communication-dominated source and point-of-purchase & consumer-dominated source. The factors of store patronage criteria were divided into product assortment, convenience, and additive service. The economy and practicality pursuit selected their clothing with the help of others, used any kind of information sources less, considered convience of the store more, shopped at traditional market, group size was the biggest, was the oldest, and educated less. The reasonability pursuit selected their clothing by themselves, used all kind of information sources, considered many facets of stores, shopped at department store, was younger, healthier, educated more, and lived with husband more. The benefit unconscious spent less money to their clothing, lower usage of information sources, selected their clothing with the help of others, considered all facets of stores less, shopped at moderate or volume zone apparel market or traditional market, was older, healthy, and involved the widowed more. The fashion and brand pursuit spent more money to clothing, considered the product assortment or additive service of store more, shopped at department store, and selected their clothing by themselves, group size was the smallest, was younger educated more, healthy, and showed a tendency of living with husband.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.213-237
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• 2017

It is essential in social policy evaluation to examine how effectively they protect people from social risks. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of five income security programs of Korea in coping with poverty, using KoWEPs data. We analyse the coverage and adequacy of these programs, joint as well as individual, for each sub-groups. As a result, it was found that 35% of the poor get none of the benefits. The coverage and adequacy for the aged is rather high. However, for the working age people, the unemployed in particular, are very poorly covered and average benefits levels are very low. These findings imply that there are much room and demand for improvement of Korean income security program, especially for working age population.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.7
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• pp.353-374
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• 2001

Price and brand are two major attributes of products that consumer purchases. Price is important because it is often a measure of worth and quality. Some consumers purchase only well-known national brands. However, By reason of the price competition on account of new business condition and depressions, and consumers practical and rational purchasing tendency, consumers tend to purchase private brands(PB hereafter) because as consumers they expect that producers have reasonable and acceptable quality. Accordingly, The study, with intrinsic cue, extrinsic cue, familiarity anything like these cues from the study of Richardson et aI(1994, 1996), intends to present current topics we guide in retailer's promotion strategy for PB. As for investigating how quality evaluation has on effect on the private brands purchasing behavior of discount store grocery items. This study establishes a hypotheses on the basis of the quality evaluation cues of PB and literature review for purchasing behavior and collects materials for consumers about 196, and also analyzes them using a variety of SPSS/PC+package program. Therefore, the findings of this study provide the following managerial implications. 1) Retailer will successful in increasing private brand market share through dramatic improvement in package design, labeling, advertising, and branding strategies. 2) Planned Purchasers have high intention to repurchase PB because they buy them reasonably in accordance with the estimate therefore, they might have word-of-mouth effect for the evaluation of quality and recognition. They need to acknowledge benefits for PB purchases to maintain purchase like that. 3) The main consumers are housewives in their thirties and forties and they something reasonably because they have a lot of family and retailer will work out.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-84
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• 2005

Most of previous studies have proposed representative product categories which are likely to be sold on the on-line based only on the on-line benefits and risks. However, on-line shopping can be perceived another form of distribution channels from the perspectives of consumers. Therefore, in order to identify product categories which have a great potential to be sold on on-line stores, it is necessary to consider the perception and behavior at off-line shopping contexts as well as on on-line shopping circumstances. In this paper, we investigate the consumers' perception and behavior under both on-line and off-line shopping situations and classify them into several groups based on their perceptual and behavioral characteristics. Based on this classification, we empirically examine the product categories selling well on the on-line shopping. The empirical results show that there exist some patterns between distribution channels (on-line and off-line) and product categories. In addition, there are some differences among consumers regarding the perceptions and behaviors at on-line and off-line situations. Consumers who have high preference for on-line shopping tend to buy much wider product categories from on-line.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.59
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• pp.71-90
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• 2019

As the demand for national security and national safety is gradually increasing in accordance with the trend of the times and social environment, and the use of private areas for effective prevention and supply required for the demand for safety services, this paper analyzed the Japanese private security testing system for the introduction of the Korea security certification system as a way to secure expertise in the private security industry and drew the following conclusion. First, certificate segmentation should be carried out according to the clearly divided field and scope of the expense operation. Second, it is necessary to distinguish the qualification of the private security qualification according to the level. Third, it is necessary to utilize the combined evaluation method through the departmental and practical tests. Fourth, an assessment should be made through the link between departments and practical subjects. Fifth, the diversity of the acquisition methods should be placed to ensure the gainer's accessibility. Finally, the use of professional and visible use of professional personnel should be achieved through benefit assessment for those who are qualified for

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.41
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• pp.187-222
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• 2015

The quantitave increase and qualitative development in the game industry leads to bitter competition and makes game companies struggle to find better ways promoting their own games. The game trailer is one of the critical ways to publicize diverse games by showing visual images directly. There are three reasons why the game trailer comes into the spotlight these days; the rapid growth of the Internet speed handling the large size of files, the remarkable development of visual image quality just like digital movies, and the advent of video websites such as You Tube that shows huge amount of videos regardless of the type and size. However, there are not enough amount of research on the game trailer because using game trailers as the marketing source is still at an early stage. Therefore, this research focuses on providing characteristics of game trailers that are available for practical market analysis. First, this research shows that game trailers can be divided by the category of display, style, and contents type. Second, this research provides the component parts of game trailers that are divided into contents factors such as characters, backgrounds, events and promotional factors such as title, production company name, distribution company name. Third, this research explores research frames that would be needed to analyze marketing strategies, effects of game trailers, production pipelines and so on. These categorizations would be useful for producing game trailers efficiently and utilizing them effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.152-159
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze how consumers make links between convenience meat products and self-relevant consequences and value. Surveys on convenience meat product consumption patterns and hard laddering based on means-end chain theory were conducted from April 21 to April 25, 2014 and targeted 200 consumers in the US. The most preferred cooking method of convenience meat product was roast (25.9%) and the most common information medium was suggestions by friends and parents (37.1%). The main as well as desired places of purchasing were both the supermarket (33.6% and 27.3%, respectively). The most preferred promotion method was free sample events (38.5%). From analyzing means-end chains of convenience meat products, the most dominant value chain was 'taste (A)'-'good taste (C)'-'feel good (V)'. These results show that consumption of convenience meat products will increase when consumer expectations of taste and satisfaction are met. Further, results of the value measurement provide information on consumer satisfaction and needs and can be applied to set marketing strategies for Korean style convenience meat products.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.83-95
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• 2016

Strategies for parks and open spaces in the 21st century have moved from focusing on specific elements, such as quantitative growth and ecological and recreational aspects, to green infrastructure, which refers to a multi-functional network of open and green spaces offering a range of benefits. In the case of London, green infrastructure is realised as an integral part of urban infrastructure, involving physical and social infrastructure as well as practical spatial planning at the local level within statutory urban planning as part of a continuously developing green infrastructure framework with a theoretical basis. Taking this perspective, the present study looks at alterations to and developments in green infrastructure policies in the London Plan, the green grid framework as detailed in the city's strategic implementation of green infrastructure. Various trends and characteristics of the policies adopted in the London Plan and some implications are deduced, with three main results being identified. The first is a clear division of roles among the national government, Greater London Authority and borough councils, with local plans established under the guidance of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and the London Plan. Green infrastructure policies in the London Plan have been applied at a high rate in the boroughs' local plans, which leads to another, linked point. Secondly, green infrastructure policies and the green grid as an implementation framework have been consistently extended and developed through consolidating the London Plan, despite the change of government. Finally, in order to achieve the London Plan, the Mayor of London implemented policies by partnership and supporting programmes for London boroughs. Recently, the Seoul Metropolitan Authority introduced a parks and green spaces development policy, but the London case remains a good example; this is because green infrastructure policies in London were not a manifesto pledge but rather have been continuously and consistently advanced regardless of party politics and thus realised as long-term planning.