• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.401-409
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• 2014

This research develops tools and strategies for optimizing RC column sections applied in tall buildings. Optimization parameters are concrete strength and section shape, the objective function for which is subject to several predefined constraints drawn from the original structural design. For this purpose, we developed new components for StrAuto, a parametric modeling and optimization tool for building structure. The components receive from external analysis solvers member strengths calculated from the original design model, and output optimized column sections satisfying the minimum cost. Using these components, optimized sections are firstly obtained for each predefined concrete strength applied to the whole floors in the project building. The obtained results for each concrete strength are comparatively examined to determine the fittest sections which will also result in the fittest vertical zoning for concrete strength. The main optimization scenario for this is to search for the vertical levels where the identical optimized sections coincide for the two different concrete strengths in concern, and select those levels for the boundaries where a concrete strength will be changed to another. The optimization process provided in this research is a product of an intensive development designed for a specific member in a specific project. Thus, the algorithm suggested takes on a microscopic and mathematical approach. However, the technique has a lot of potential that it can further be extensively developed and applied for future projects.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.853-857
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• 2012

진화계열 알고리즘은 무제약 최적화 알고리즘이다. 이러한 진화계열 알고리즘에 제약조건을 반영하기 위해서는 제약조건을 다룰 수 있는 추가적인 방법이 요구된다. 연구에서는 SWMM과 집합체 혼합진화 알고리즘을 연계한 자동 보정 모형에 제약조건을 반영하기 위해 벌칙 함수를 적용하였다. 적용된 벌칙 함수는 홍수 유출 해석 시 중요한 요소인 첨두유량과 관계된 제약사항이다. 벌칙 함수를 포함하여 구성된 자동 보정 모형은 밀양댐의 2009년 7월에 발생한 두 개의 호우사상에 대하여 적용되었다. 그 결과, 첨두유량에 관계된 벌칙 함수를 포함하지 않은 자동 보정의 경우, 첨두유량과 첨두유출 발생시간 모두 계산 결과가 관측자료에 부합하지 못하였다. 반면에 벌칙 함수를 적용할 경우, 계산 및 관측 자료의 첨두유량 오차는 확연히 줄었고, 첨두유량의 발생시간은 정확히 일치하였다. 그리고 계산된 수문곡선의 형상도 관측 수문곡선에 적합되었다. 즉, 벌칙 함수를 이용한 제약조건의 반영을 통해 자동 보정 모형의 기능을 향상 시킬 수 있었다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.377-386
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• 2015

The helical pile is a manufactured steel pile consisting of one or more helix-shaped bearing plates affixed to a central shaft. This pile is installed by rotating the shaft into the ground to support structural loads. Advantages of the helical pile are no need for boring or grout process, and ability to install a pile foundation with relatively light devices. In this study, an optimized design method for helical piles is proposed to minimize the material cost with consideration of the load bearing capacity obtained by the cylindrical shear method. The harmony search meta-heuristic algorithm was adopted for optimization process. The optimized design was verified by comparing with the 2009 International building code. It is noted that the optimization for the configuration of helical piles along with material cost proves to be an out-performed tool in designing helical pile foundation with economic feasibility.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2012

The design strategy of the multi-functional structure is that the electrical components and the circuits are directly put on their supporting structural panel in which the radiation shields and the thermal control functions are integrated. Applying the multi-functional structure reduces the total mass and size of the space system and makes it possible to lower launch cost. In present study the performance of thermal radiation for six types of multi-functional structure are investigated by the numerical method. The effect of the rib configuration on heat transfer for the multi-functional-structure is not important alone but is meaningful considering with the structural stiffness, difficulty of manufacturing and mass increase. In heat spreading point of view, the thickness of the outer conductive layer is important rather than the rib configuration and the trade-off study with the mass and thickness is required for optimum design.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2022

In this paper, the stochastic distribution of the springback amount is investigated for the stamping process of a U-channel shaped-product with ultra-high strength steel. Using the reliability-based design optimization technique (RBDO), stochastic distribution of process parameters is considered in the analysis including material properties and process variation. Quantification of the springback scatters is carried out with the statistical analysis method according to the material strength. It is found that the scattering amount of springback decreases while the amount of springback increases as the tensile strength of the blank material increases, which is investigated by analyzing the strain and stress distribution of the punch and die shoulder. It is noted that the proposed scheme is capable of predicting and responding to the unavoidable scattering of springback in the sheet metal forming process.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

At construction sites, interest in the production of precast materials is increasing due to off-site conditions due to changes in construction site conditions due to increased labor costs and the Act on the Punishment of Serious Accidents. In particular, the precast prestressed hollow slab has a hollow shape in the cross section, so structural performance is secured by reducing weight and controlling deflection through stranded wires. With the application of structural standards, the urgency of securing fire resistance performance is emerging. In this study, a fire-resistance cross section was developed by reducing the concrete filling rate in the cross section and improving the upper and lower flange shapes by optimizing the hollow shape in the cross section of the slab to have the same or better structural performance and economic efficiency compared to the existing hollow slab. The PC hollow slab to which this was applied was subjected to a two-hour fire resistance test using the cross-sectional thickness as a variable, and as a result of the test, fire resistance performance (load bearing capacity, heat shielding property, flame retardance property) was secured. Based on the experimental results, it is determined that fire resistance modeling can be established through numerical analysis simulation, and prediction of fire resistance analysis is possible according to the change of the cross-sectional shape in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.459-459
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• 2010

대면적 마그네트론 스퍼터링 캐소드를 이용하여 고효율 스퍼터링을 실현하기 위해서는 진공 상태에서 하전입자의 손실을 최소화하여 플라즈마 내에 많은 입자를 구속하는 기술이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 고효율 특성을 갖는 대면적 캐소드($127mm{\times}900mm$) 설계를 위해 유한요소법(Finite Element Method) 수치해석 알고리즘을 이용한 3차원 전자장(Magnetostatic) 시뮬레이션 툴을 이용하여 최적화된 캐소드를 설계하였다. 캐소드 타겟 배면에 생성되는 자기장의 3차원 특성 해석을 통해 타겟효율에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 자속밀도의 관계를 분석하였다. 고효율 캐소드 구조 설계를 위해서는 타겟 배면에 평행한 자속밀도의 분포를 최대한 확보를 것이 매우 중요하다. 이러한 특성을 확보하기 위하여 캐소드 내부에 장착되는 자석 크기 및 특성에 따른 자속밀도 특성을 해석하였다. 개발된 마그네트론 캐소드에 Si 타겟을 장착하였다. 캐소드 특성 평가를 위해 Ar 분위기 및 $O_2$를 동시에 인가하여 Si 및 $SiO_2$ 박막을 유리기판에 코팅하였다. 코팅된 박막의 특성 평가는 결정구조와 두께에 따른 투과율 및 반사율 측정을 수행하였다. Si 박막의 경우, 갈색의 코팅막을 형성하였으며, $SiO_2$의 경우, 투명한 박막으로 증착되었고 조성분석(EDXS)에 의해 $SiO_2$로 잘 코팅되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고, $SiO_2$가 코팅된 막의 투과율은 유리기판에 비해 1% 정도 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 마그네트론 캐소드 성능은 Si 타겟의 erosion 형상 분석과 3차원 유한요소법 프로그램을 이용한 자기장 분석을 통해 비교 분석하였다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 1992

A sandwich element is a special Hybrid structural form of the composite construction, which is consisted of three main parts : thin, stiff and relatively high density faces separated by a thick, light, and weaker core material. In a sandwich construction, the shear deformation of the faces. Therefore, in the calculation of the bending stiffness, the shear effect should be included. In this paper, the minimum weight is selected as an object function, as the weight critical structures are usually composed of these kind of construction. To obtain the minimum weight of sandwich panel, the principle of minimum potential energy is used and as for the design constraints, the allowable bending stress of face material, the allowable shear stress of core material, the allowable value of panel deflection and the wrinkling stress of faces are adopted, as well as the different boundary conditions. For the engineering purpose of sandwich panel design, the results are tabulated, which are calculated by using the nonlinear optimization technique SUMT.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.555-565
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• 2021

The goal of this study is to improve flow and noise performances of existing backward-curved blade centrifugal fan system used for circulating cold air in a refrigerator freezer by optimally designing airfoil shape. The unique characteristics of the system is to drive cold airflow with two volute tongues in combination with duct system in a back side of a refrigerator without scroll housing generally used in a typical centrifugal fan system. First, flow and noise performances of existing fan system were evaluated experimentally. A P-Q curve was obtained using a fan performance tester in the flow experiment, and noise spectrum was measured in an anechoic chamber in the noise experiment. Then, flow characteristics were numerically analyzed by solving the three-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations and noise analysis was performed by solving the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkins equation with input from the flow simulation results. The validity of numerical results was confirmed by comparing them with the measured ones. Based on the verified numerical method, blade inlet and outlet angles were optimized for maximum flow rate using the two-factor central composite design of the response surface method. Finally, the flow and noise performances of a prototype manufactured with the optimum design were experimentally evaluated, which showed the improvement in flow and noise performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3074-3079
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• 2009

Efficient energy use becomes necessary since energy consumption has dramatically been increasing due to continuous economic development and population growth. In particular, high efficient vacuum glazing needs to be introduced to buildings where enormous energy loss occurs through windows and has been rarely used yet due to its high price and performance. Therefore, in this study, torch for glass welding was developed with CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) and experiments. Torch shape, nozzle diameter, nozzle arrangement etc. were mainly optimized and hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas fuels the torch. Finally, glass welding with the developed torch has been successful, showing that it can be used to develop economic vacuum glazing.