• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 1981

A rapid and simple method for detecting colors was attempted on the basis of absorption and emission spectra of reflected light at $45^{\circ}$ angle from color-adsorbed filter paper illuminated by ultraviolet light through interference filter. Absorption spectra of prepared samples revealed more characteristic patterns than emission spectra. Detection of colors was readily accomplished by the investigation of wave length range, distribution pattern, the number of absorption bands and the degree of quenching.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.141-148
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• 2016

In this work, mesoporous silica (SBA-15) was synthesized via self-assembly process using triblock copolymer ($PEO_{20}PPO_{70}PEO_{20}$, P123) as template and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source under acidic condition. SBA-15 have high surface area ($704m^2g^{-1}$) and uniform pore size (8.4 nm) with well-ordered hexagonal mesostructure. Spiropyran-functionalized SBA-15 (Spiropyran-SBA-15) was synthesized via post-synthesis process using 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate (TESPI) and 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-3,3-dimethy-lindolino-6'-nitrobenzopyrylo-spiran (HDINS). Spiropyran-SBA-15 was produced with hexagonal array of mesopores without damage of mesostructre. Surface area and pore size of Spiropyran-SBA-15 were $651m^2g^{-1}$ and 8.0 nm, respectively. Optochemical properties of Spiropyran-SBA-15 was studied with chemical vapors such as EtOH, THF, $CHCl_3$, Acetone and HCl. Main peaks of photofluorescence of Spiropyran-SBA-15 exhibited blue shift in the range of 603.4~592.1 nm after exposure under EtOH, THF, $CHCl_3$, and Acetone vapors. Normalized peak intensities decreased in the range of 0.8~0.3. The main peak of photofluorescence of Spiropyran-SBA-15 showed significant blue shift of 592.1 nm after exposure under HCl vapor, while normalized peak intensity decreased to 0.1.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2006

Rare-earth niobates, ag (Ln = Y, La, Gd) are well-known self-activated phosphors due to charge transfer in $NbO^{3-}_4$ showing a broad and strong emission band in the spectral region around 410 nm. In order to find new blue and red phosphors for FED, $LaNbO_4$ : X (X = Bi, Eu) phosphors are prepared through solid-state reactions at high temperature. The optimum reaction condition for these phosphors to give maximum emission intensity is obtained when it is first fired at $1250^{\circ}C$ for 2 h followed by second firing at $1400^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. Under irradiation at 254 nm, $1mol\%\;Bi^{3+}$ doped $LaNbO_4$ phosphor shows strong blue emission band with a range of $420\~450nm$. Also $10mol\%\;Eu^{3+}$ doped $LaNbO_4$ phosphor shows the maximum emission intensity at about 610 nm. Emission peaks at $415\~460nm$, $530\~560nm$and $570\~620nm$are observed in phosphors below $10mol\%\;Eu^{3+}$ doped $LaNbO_4$. Similar results are obtained in cathodoluminescent property of these phosphors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.272-273
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• 2011

유기발광소자는 차세대 디스플레이 소자로서 빠른 응답 속도, 높은 색 재현성 및 매우 얇은 두께로 제작이 가능한 장점을 가지고 있어서 차세대 디스플레이 소자로서 많은 응용 가능성을 가지고 있다. 청색 유기발광소자는 적색 및 녹색의 유기발광소자의 발광 효율 특성보다 상대적으로 효율이 떨어지고, 색 순도가 낮으며 수명이 짧은 단점을 가지고 있어 소자 특성을 개선해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 청색 유기발광소자의 색 순도와 색 안정성 증진을 위하여 발광층을 2개의 층으로 나누어 15 nm 두께의 4,4'-Bis(2,2-diphenyl-ethen-1-yl)diphenyl (DPVBi) 형광 청색 호스트 물질에 4,4 '-Bis[4-(diphenylamino)stylyl]biphenyl (BDAVBi) 형광 청색 게스트 물질을 첨가하여 제 1 형광 발광층을 형성하고 15 nm 두께의 4,4'-Bis(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl (CBP) 인광 호스트 물질에 bis(3,5-difluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-(2-carboxypyridyl)iridium III (FIrpic) 인광 게스트 물질을 첨가한 제 2 인광 발광층으로 구성된 30 nm 두께의 하이브리드 발광층을 사용하여 청색 유기 발광소자를 제작하고 전기적 특성과 광학적 성질을 조사하였다. 하이브리드 발광층을 사용하여 제작된 유기발광소자는 20 mA/cm2의 전류 밀도에서 6.2 cd/A의 발광 효율을 나타내었고, 최대 밝기는 약 16,200 cd/m2로 측정 되었다. 하이브리드 발광층을 사용한 청색 유기발광소자는 전류의 흐름이 단일 발광층 유기발광소자에 비교하여 상대적으로 안정적인 전류 흐름을 가지며 발광층 내부에 더 많은 정공과 전자를 포획하여 엑시톤 형성 확률이 증가하여 발광효율과 밝기가 향상되었다. 하이브리드 발광층을 적용한 유기발광소자는 469 nm파장에서 형광 발광층의 주 전계발광 피크가 나타났고 그와 함께 인광 발광층의 부 전계발광 피크가 491 nm의 파장에서 관측되었다. 또한 전계발광 스펙트럼의 반치폭이 10 nm 감소하여 청색의 색 순도 증가에도 기여하였다. 하이브리드 발광층을 가진 청색 유기발광소자의 색 좌표는 전압 변화에 관계없이 일정한 값을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 형광과 인광 발광층으로 구성된 하이브리드 발광층 유기발광소자가 전기적으로 안정성을 가지며 발광 특성을 개선하고 안정적인 청색 유기 발광 디스플레이 소자로 사용 가능함을 나타내고 있다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 1995

The fiber optic fluorosensor that shows a specific selectivity for calcium ion is studied. This sensor employs protein Calmodulin(CaM) which forms a fluorescent chelate with $Ca^{2+}$. A dialysis membrane is used to entrap a fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled CaM solution at the common end of a bifurcated fiber optic bundle. The sensing mechanism of this sensor is based on the shifts in the fluorescence spectrum of metal-calmodulin complexes which FCaM forms a chelate with $Ca^{2+}$. Upon binding with $Ca^{2+}$, CaM undergoes a conformational change which induces a change in the fluorescence of FCaM. This change in fluorescence signal which is measured by photomultiflier tube is related to the concentration of $Ca^{2+}$ for calibration curve. Detection limit for $Ca^{2+}$ and the interference effects by $Mg^{2+}$, $Eu^{3+}$ and $La^{3+}$ for this sensor are studied. Response time and life time for this fluorosensor are also investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.421-421
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• 2010

적색과 녹색 유기발광소자 보다 청색 유기발광소자는 상대적으로 발광 효율이 낮고 색 순도가 낮으며 수명이 짧은 이유로 유기발광소자를 이용한 전색 디스플레이 패널 구현에 많은 어려움이 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 청색 유기발광 소자의 발광 효율을 향상하기 위한 방법으로 기존의 제작되는 불순물이 첨가된 단일 발광 호스트층을 이용한 유기발광소자와는 다르게 불순물이 첨가된 혼합된 발광 호스트층으로 구성된 발광 기능층을 가진 유기발광소자의 전기적 성질과 광학적 성질에 대한 연구를 하였다. 본 연구에서는 1.3-Bis(carbazol-9-yl)benzene 인광 호스트 유기화합물과 5%의 3-Tert-butyl-9,10-di(naphtha-2-yl)anthracene 형광 호스트 유기화합물을 혼합된 발광 기능층으로 적용하고 8%의 bis(3,5-difluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-(2-carboxypyridyl-l) iridiumIII 인광 불순물을 첨가한 청색 유기발광소자와 5%의 4,4'-Bis[4-(diphenylamino)styryl] biphenyl (BDAVBi) 형광 불순물을 첨가한 청색 유기발광소자를 제작하여 전기적 성질과 광학적 성질을 비교하였다. 형광 불순물인 BDAVBi를 첨가하여 제작된 청색 유기발광소자는 전류밀도 $20\;mA/cm^2$에서 5.78 cd/A의 발광 효율을 구현하였다. 대역폭이 큰 인광 호스트 물질에서 형성된 엑시톤이 효율적으로 대역폭이 상대적으로 작은 형광 호스트로의 에너지 전달이 일어나고 형광 호스트에서 형성된 엑시톤이 대역폭이 더 작은 형광 불순물로의 에너지 전달이 효율적으로 전달 됨을 알 수 있다. 인광 호스트에서 형성된 엑시톤이 중간 과정을 거치지 않고 바로 형광 불순물로의 에너지 전달이 형성되어 주입된 캐리어가 기존의 소자보다 에너지 전달 과정을 거쳐 다수의 엑시톤이 소멸하지 않고 발광에 기여하여 상대적으로 전류가 작게 흐르고 다량의 엑시톤이 외부로 추출되어 효율이 증가하였다. 전계 발광 스펙트럼 분석에서 메인 피크가 467 nm 영역에서 형성되지만 불순물에 의한 부 피크가 491 nm 영역에서 형성되어 시각계 곡선과 중첩되는 영역을 추가로 형성하여 효율이 증가하게 되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 불순물이 첨가된 혼합된 호스트 발광층을 적용한 유기발광소자는 높은 발광 효율을 가지는 청색 유기발 광소자 디스플레이 패널 제작 가능성을 제공하고 있다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.6 s.73
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• pp.935-940
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• 2005

Fluorescence change of coumarin labeled phosphate binding protein (PBP-MDCC) was monitored to measure the amount of released inorganic phosphate ($P_{i}$) during nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) hydrolysis reaction. After purification of PBP-MDCC, fluorescence emission spectra showed that fluorescence responded linearly to $P_{i}$ up to about 0.7 molar ratio of $P_{i}$ to protein. The correlation of fluorescence signal and $P_{i}$ standard was measured to obtain [$P_{i}$] - fluorescence intensity standard curve on the stopped-flow instrument. When T7 bacteriophage helicase, double-stranded DNA unwinding enzyme using dTTP hydrolysis as an energy source, reacted with dTTP, the change of fluorescence was able to be converted to the amount of released $P_{i}$ by the $P_{i}$ standard curve. $P_{i}$ release results showed that single-stranded Ml3 DNA stimulated dTTP hydrolysis reaction several folds by T7 helicase. Instead of end point assay in NTP hydrolysis reaction, real time $P_{i}$-release assay by PBP-MDCC was proven to be very easy and convenient to measure released $P_{i}$.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 2007

The possibility of improving amplification characteristics and lowering the melting point of bismuth-doped aluminosilicate glass as a new amplification material, which has broadband near-infrared emission at 1300 nm regions, was investigated. Spectroscopic analysis of bismuth-doped aluminosilicate glass shows that the addition of an alkali metal oxide, $Li_{2}O$ increases FWHM of fluorescence spectrum but decreases fluorescence intensity, while $GeO_{2}$ composition increases both FWHM of fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence intensity. Also, excellent optical amplification gain characteristics in a $GeO_{2}$-added sample were observed.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.618-622
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• 2004

Excitation spectra of the 1.6 rm emission originating from $Ho^{3＋}$：$^{5}$ I$_{5}$ \longrightarrow$^{5}$ I$_{7}$ transition in fluoride, sulfide, and selenide glasses were measured at wavelengths around 900nm where the fluorescing $^{5}$ I$_{5}$ level is located. In specific energy range where the frequency upconversion populating $^{5}$ F$_{1}$ state happens, the excitation efficiency of the 1.6 fm emission was deteriorated in fluoride and sulfide hosts. In selenide however spectral line shapes of the excitation spectrum and the '$^{5}$ I$_{8}$ \longrightarrow$^{5}$ I$_{5}$ absorption spectrum looked seemingly identical to each other. Differences in optical nonlinearity as well as electronic band gap energy of the host glasses used are responsible for the experimental observations. On the other hand, codoping of rare earths such as Tb$^{3+}$, Dy$^{3+}$, Eu$^{3+}$, and Nd$^{3+}$ was effective in decreasint the terminating $^{5}$ I$_{7}$ level lifetime. However, at the same time, some of the codopants increased unnecessary absorption at the 1.6 $\mu$m wavelengths via their ground state absorption. Though the lifetime quenching effect of Eu$^{3+}$ was moderate, it exhibited no additional extrinsic absorption at the 1.6 $\mu$m band.EX>m band.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.548-554
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• 1990

Temperature effects on the fluorescence emission spectra of 0.01 M Eu(III) ion with ClO$_4$, Cl$^-$, NO$_3$ were studied. Relative intensity change of hypersensitive band ($^5D0\; {\to}\;^7F_2$) and nonhypersensitive band ($^5D0 \;{\to}\;^7F_1$) was quite remarkable with temperature and ligand. The relative intensity change was interpreted as the change of formation constant and used to calculation the enthalpy change of $Eu(H_2O)_X^{3+}$+ to EuL(H$_2O)_{X-1}^{2+}$ complex. $\Delta{H}$ of $Eu(H_2O)_X^{3+}$ to EuCl(H$_2O)_{X-1}^{2+}$ was roughly 15 kJ/mol and temperature independent, but $\Delta{H}$ of EuNO$_3(H_2O)_{X-1}^{2+}$ was changed with temperature; -11 kJ/mol at 25$^{\circ}C$ and 47 kJ/mol at 250$^{\circ}C$.