• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.53-61
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• 2002

This paper propose an dynamic load balancing algorithm for heterogeneous distributed systems. The algorithm allows this tasks to be relocated. The key of the algorithm is to transfer a suitable amount of processing demand from senders to receivers. This amount is determined dynamically during sender-receiver negotiations. Factors considered when this amount is determined include processing speeds of different nodes, the current load state of both sender and receiver, and the processing demands of tasks eligible for relocation. This paper also propose a load state measurement scheme which is designed particularly for heterogeneous systems. This results of the study show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms and is stable over a range of system attributes.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.319-357
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• 2017

The pillar of the Paris Agreement, which will define the efforts of the international community against climate change since 2020, is the INDCs submitted by each country. In this study, the INDCs of the major industrial and developing countries (EU, USA, Japan, China, India) and South Korea are reviewed and national circumstances are analyzed based on the status of industrial structure, power mix and GHG emissions. We will also present South Korea's strategies in future climate change negotiations. South Korea should ; find out the special differentiating factors favorable to Korea with which the international community can agree; and establish an interagency working group to prepare for the periodical renewal of the INDC.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.309-330
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• 2013

Trans-Pacific Partnership started as a small scale 4 countries regional trade agreement. It became a grand free trade agreement when the United States announced its participation and Japn considers to join. Korea still hasn't decided the stance however, considering the economic and political relationship with the United States and the impact of TPP, it looks like that Korea is going to join TPP. US led the TPP agreement is expected to be made based on the previous FTA agreements of the US. In the promising E-Commerce part, it is likely that the e-commerce leading US would suggest favorable agreement. If Korea joins the TPP, it's necessary to suggest what Korea wants and needs based on the previous KORUS FTA to promote Korean e-commerce for the future.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2019

Public transportation systems play key roles in supporting dynamic activities and interaction between urban places. Especially, high efficient public transportation systems are required in order to support large traffic demands in urban areas. In this paper, we define a new metric, structural activation level (SAL), to replace the conventional transportation share ratio (TSR) measuring efficiency of public transportation systems. First of all, we access the Korea Transport Database (KTDB) and download origin-destination data by transport types to construct traffic networks with respect to transport types for each city. Then, we calculate the QAP (Quadratic Assignment Procedure) correlation between each traffic network and the total traffic network for each city to investigate SAL by comparing cities one another. The results of our investigation reveal inconsistency between TSR and SAL. In Daegu, TSR of public transportation systems is relatively low while SAL is high. In Deajeon, however, SAL is low while TSR is high. Therefore, we suggest to take into consideration SAL as well as TSR in order to investigate the degree of activation of public transportation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.119-130
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• 2019

Although a well-established line of research has addressed the funding decision, the activities of investee startups to receive funding have been overlooked because prior research has been conduced from investor's point of view. In addition, funding does not result from one off decisions but from decision process with many stages. Moreover, the emphasis placed on specific investment criteria varies by different stages during the process. Therefore, understanding the initial funding of startups requires to analyze the strategic behaviors of startups throughout the entire funding decision process from first meeting with investors to funding success. This study investigates the initial funding process of startups, and the analysis is based on a case study of LetinAR one of the successful startups founded by students in South Korea. This study investigates how early start-ups were able to receive funding from startup's point of view, and the analysis is based on a case study of LetinAR, an augmented reality(AR) startup using Pin mirror technology. By adding "legitimacy building" stage that had not been addressed previously, we divided funding process into four stages: 1) legitimacy building, 2) familiarization, 3) screening, and 4) bargaining phase. We did not only analyze major criteria, but also strategic activities of startup at each stage. This study makes a contribution by helping us understand complicated process of funding and the successful strategic behavior of investor backed startups.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.133-158
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• 2018

The role and ratio of national vessels in the global container shipping market have reduced significantly due to the bankruptcy of Hanjin Shipping in early 2017. All import-export companies, as well as container ports in Korea, are facing a crisis. The Trump's tariff and trade battles have had a negative impact on the increase in the North American cargo. However, Chinese and Japanese container shipping companies, which merged with domestic container shipping companies, and mega carriers such as Maersk and CMA CGM have benefited from the decline in shipping supplies due to the collapse of Hanjin Shipping, the world's 10th largest container carrier in Korea. The import/export freight trade in Korea is witnessing the increasing stronghold of foreign carriers. This scenario is expected to weaken Korea's negotiation powers with overseas shipping companies in domestic ports, such as Busan and Kwangyang, thereby making it more challenging to attract shipping carriers. This study compares the global container-shipping network in 2007 and 2017 by combining the network topology of the social network analysis and the economics of the liner shipping connectivity index (LSCI) and the container port connectivity index (CPCI) analysis. The findings of this study are that the role of the ports across the world can be identified, and CPCI has a high correlation with the centrality index and freight volume data. These findings can contribute toward the utilization of the meaning of the necessary centrality index without an additional centrality analysis. This study can be applied not only to the call strategy of container carriers but also to the alliance and development strategy of Korean ports.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.151-166
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• 2023

This study identified the perceptions of science and technology researchers about interdisciplinary collaboration and the difficulties experienced in the collaboration process and the types of strategies they set up to overcome them. For this study, a questionnaire was developed with five-point Likert-scale questions that confirm attitudes toward interdisciplinary collaboration and qualitative questions that describe difficulties and strategies to overcome difficulties experienced in the collaboration experience. A total of 79 domestic science and technology researchers responded to the survey, and the collected data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the recognition of the efficacy of collaboration had an important influence on the intention of collaboration, but the level of the recognition of the efficacy of collaboration was relatively low. In addition, there were four types of difficulties in the interdisciplinary collaboration process, and seven types of strategies were identified to overcome these. Based on these findings, it was suggested that convergence education should reflect the pluralistic nature of modern science and the features of various collaborations that occur within it.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.146-156
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• 2017

In this study, the causal relationship between the main factors influencing the import of agricultural products and the changes in agricultural imports was investigated. In addition, we compared the magnitude of the impact of each factor on the changes in agricultural imports. It was found that the import liberalization rate, which represents the FTA factors and reflects the per capita GDP, the conditions of supply and demand of agricultural products in exporting countries and the changes in exchange rates, affects the changes of the agricultural products imports. However, the factors affecting the change of the imports by agricultural product category and the magnitude of the influence by each factor were different. This shows that various factors, other than the FTA factors, are compounding the changes in the agricultural imports. In the future, the market openings due to the implementation of the FTA will be further enlarged and the economic territory of the FTA will be further expanded, due to the implementation of additional FTAs, and the changes in the imports of agricultural products will cause damage to the domestic agricultural sector.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.81 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 1992

Urguay Round(UR) has lots of implication in the forest product market as well as the other sectors of the economy. Chestnut, one of the major forest product in Korea, would be affected by free trade resulting from the agreement on UR. To establish effective policy measures dealing with negative effects of free trade, if any, the effect of UR on producers should be figured out. In this contest, the purposes of this study are (1) estimating the demand, supply and its price functions of this market and (2) forecasting the effect of UR on growers. Using econometric method, demand, supply and price function of this market are estimated. The total amount of yearly money loss of growers due to free trade from 1992 to 2001 are estimated for four different scenarios. In each scenario, it is assumed that the tariffication reduction is 30%, 40%, 50% and 90%. Yearly money loss of chestnut growers at the year 2001 are forecasted such as 14 billion won, 18 billion won, 24 billion won and 25 billion won for the rate of tariffication reduction of 30%, 40%, 50%, and 90%, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.139-157
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the competitiveness of the logistics industry of three countries - Korea, China and Japan - by looking into their logistics industry structure and the related regulations. For this aim, the paper examined the modal distribution of transportation, transport infrastructure, freight cost structure and regulation in transport sector in these countries. Furthermore, this study suggests some proposals for the further cooperation to bring sustainable progress in the logistics sector across Northeast Asia. The main suggestions of this paper are as follows: First, Korean government needs to strategize its options in the logistics industry, the most competitive in the country’s service sector, in upcoming FTA negotiations with China and Japan. Second, Korea needs to foster Busan into a strategic point for the Rail Ferry System and Road Feeder System. Third, Korea should participate in establishing shuttle flight service in Northeast Asia amid exploding flight demand from active economic interchange and tourism industry development.