• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.238-243
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• 2009

Background: Radiofrequency obliteration and endovenous laser therapy of the greater saphenous vein have recently been introduced as alternative, minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of saphenous vein incompetence. The 7 Fr. VNUS $ClosureFAST^{(R)}$ radiofrequency obliteration system was introduced in Gwang-Ju Veterans hospital. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and complications of radiofrequency obliteration using the 7 Fr. VNUS $ClosureFAST^{(R)}$ system. Material and Method: Between May 2, 2007 and May 31, 2008, we performed radiofrequency obliteration on 90 patients. The number of males was 67 and their mean age was $57.9{\pm}11.0$ (range: $23{\sim}78$) years old. The patients underwent follow up exams at 3 weeks after the procedures and then every 3 months. The effects of treatment and the complications were reviewed. Result: The postoperative complications were ecchymosis (94.4%), pain (27.8%), paresthesia (25.6%), bullous formation (8.9%), edema (6.7%) and phlebitis (2.2%). One patient showed good blood flow after 3 weeks and one patient showed good blood flow after 3 months. The one-year success rate of radiofrequency obliteration in varicose veins was 97.6%. Conclusion: Our data showed acceptable operative results and short-term clinical results for treating varicose veins with radio frequency obliteration. Long-term follow-up and comparison of radio frequency obliteration with high ligation and stripping, previous radiofrequency ablation and endovenous laser therapy are needed in the future.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.138-141
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• 2013

A 4-month-old, intact male mongrel dog was presented with trauma (hit by car), astasia, stupor and abdominal pain. Radiographic findings were peritoneal effusion, intestinal dilation, right iliac fracture, and microcardia. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed severely, dilated small intestine containing anechoic fluid in lumen and intramural gas within the wall. The sonographic finding suggested pnematosis intestinalis (PI), and vascular compromise of bowel loop by trauma was strongly suspected. After the dog was dead, postmortem examination revealed discolored and necrotized small intestine strangulated by sublumbar muscle. The detection of echogenic gas bubbles in the wall of bowel using ultrasound may be helpful in detecting PI.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.834-838
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• 2003

Background: Deairing from the heart after open heart surgery(cardiopulmonary bypass) is a very important procedure. Artificial arteriovenous fistula was used to remove air, and the efficiency was evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography. Material and Method: Just before termination of cardiopulmonary bypass, a standard pressure transducer line is connected between the stopcocks of the connections in the arterial and venous circuits, creating a small controlled arteriovenous fistula between the arterial and venous cannulas. The degree of intracardiac air and air removal time were evaluated either by transesophageal echocardiography or direct vision of pressure transducer line. Result: By simple procedure, cardiopulmonary time was shortened and air clearing can be confirmed using echocardiography in a few minutes. Conclusion: Creation of arteriovenous fistula using small connecting line between aortic and venous cannula is a very simple and effective method of deairing and preventing of air embolism after open heart surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.5 s.250
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• pp.323-334
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• 2005

Background: Gene therapy is a new and promising option for the treatment of severe myocardial ischemia by therapeutic angiogenesis. The goal of this study was to elucidate the efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis by using VEGF165 in large animals. Material and Method: Twenty-one pigs that underwent ligation of the distal left anterior descending coronary artery were randomly allocated to one of two treatments: intramyocardial injection of pCK-VEGF (VEGF) or intramyocardial injection of pCK-Null (Control). Injections were administered 30 days after ligation. Seven pigs died during the trial, but eight pigs from VEGF and six from Control survived. Echo-cardiography was performed on day 0 (preoperative) and on days 30 and 60 following coronary ligation. Gated myocardial single photon emission computed tomography imaging (SPECT) with $^{99m}Tc-labeled$ sestamibi was performed on days 30 and 60. Myocardial perfusion was assessed from the uptake of $^{99m}Tc-labeled$ sestamibi at rest. Global and regional myocardial function as well as post-infarction left ventricular remodeling were assessed from segmental wall thickening; left ventricular ejection fraction (EF); end systolic volume (ESV); and end diastolic volume (EDV) using gated SPECT and echocardiography. Myocardium of the ischemic border zone into which pCK plasmid vector had been injected was also sampled to assess micro-capillary density. Result: Micro-capillary density was significantly higher in the VEGF than in Control ($386\pm110/mm^{2}\;vs.\;291\pm127/mm^{2};\;p<0.001$). Segmental perfusion increased significantly from day 30 to day 60 after intramyocardial injection of plasmid vector in VEGF ($48.4\pm15.2\%\;vs.\;53.8\pm19.6\%;\;p<0.001$), while no significant change was observed in the Control ($45.1\pm17.0\%\;vs.\;43.4\pm17.7\%;\;p=0.186$). This resulted in a significant difference in the percentage changes between the two groups ($11.4\pm27.0\%\;increase\;vs.\;2.7\pm19.0\%\;decrease;\;p=0.003$). Segmental wall thickening increased significantly from day 30 to day 60 in both groups; the increments did not differ between groups. ESV measured using echocardiography increased significantly from day 0 to day 30 in VEGF ($22.9\pm9.9\;mL\;vs.\;32.3\pm9.1\;mL;\; p=0.006$) and in Control ($26.3\pm12.0\;mL\;vs.\;36.8\pm9.7\;mL;\;p=0.046$). EF decreased significantly in VEGF ($52.0\pm7.7\%\;vs.\;46.5\pm7.4\%;\;p=0.004$) and in Control ($48.2\pm9.2\%\;vs.\;41.6\pm10.0\%;\;p=0.028$). There was no significant change in EDV. The interval changes (days $30\~60$) of EF, ESV, and EDV did not differ significantly between groups both by gated SPECT and by echocardiography. Conclusion: Intramyocardial injection of pCK-VEGF165 induced therapeutic angiogenesis and improved myocardial perfusion. However, post-infarction remodeling and global myocardial function were not improved.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.298-302
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• 2014

An 8-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat (Case 1) and 3-year-old castrated male Siamese cat (Case 2) was presented with acute paresis of the hindlimbs, constant open-mouth breathing, and hemoptysis. Heart murmur (Case 1) and gallop sound (Case 2) was ausculated on the left heart base. Radiographs revealed alveolar infiltration of the caudodorsal lung lobes with aerophagea in Case 1 and prominent cardiomegaly in Case 2. Marked concentric hypertrophy of the ventricular septum and free wall, and left atrial enlargement was detected through echocardiography in both cats. Based on the examinations including echocardiography, those cats were diagnosed as hypertropic cardiomyopathy. Abdominal ultrasound revealed echogenic material in the aortic trifurcation region, aortic thromboembolism (ATE). Although prognosis of those animals was guarded, interventional therapeutic approach through direct endovascular thrombolytic therapy was attempted. ATE was visualized through angiography; however dissolving the embolus using interventional thrombolytic approach was not successful due to the extensive thrombus.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.78-82
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• 2020

Carotid web is a disease that is rarely found in patients with ischemic stroke, whereas it is more frequently observed in cryptogenic stroke patients. Fibromuscular dysplasia is known as the cause of carotid web, and it has been reported that carotid web causes blood flow disturbance, resulting in both thrombus and embolic stroke. Carotid web is confused with carotid dissection because fibromuscular dysplasia causes relatively rigid fibrous structures to grow into the lumen of the carotid artery and this creates a double lumen that is seen on duplex sonography. In addition, carotid web is web-shaped and may be confused with other carotid artery diseases such as ulcerative plaque. However, carotid web tends to be thicker at the beginning and thinner at the end, and it also has no flutter. Therefore, this study reports on four cases of carotid web with the overall description of the carotid web and the characteristic findings of duplex sonography in patients with carotid web.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1995

장시간 허혈상태의 토끼 이개를 실험대상으로 하여 유로키나제와 헤파린을 병용 또는 단독으로 사용시와 또한 약물을 사용하지 않았을 때, 이들이 모세혈관의 개존성과 아울러 미세수술후의 조직 생존율에 미칠 수 있는 효과를 보기 위하여 허혈상태의 토끼 이개를 미세수술로 접합한 후 모세혈관으로의 혈류를 측정하기 위하여 레이저 초음파 혈류측정기(Laser doppler flowmetry)를 이용하였으며 방사선 구슬들(Cobalt-57 with plastic material with average diameter 15 micron)을 주입한 결과 유로키나제 조합에서 통계적으로 유효한 성적을 얻었다. 광학현미경 소견은 유로키나제와 헤파린을 병용한 조합에서 모세혈관내 내피세포의 배열이 유지되어 있었으며 헤파린을 사용한 조합에서도 유사한 소견을 보였으나 약물을 사용하지 않은 조합에서는 국소적인 내피세포의 배열이 결핍되어 있었다. 전자현미경 소견에서 유로키나제와 헤파린을 병용한 조합에서 내피세포가 혈관내벽에 배열되어 있었고 또 불규칙한 세포질이 돌출되어 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1512-1518
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• 2002

Purpose : Twins have a higher mortality and morbidity than singletons. Co-twin with one fetal death is particularly at risk. We investigated the neonatal outcome of live co-twins when one fetus had died after the 20th gestational week, and associated risk factors. Methods : A retrospective study was performed in fifteen cases of twin pregnancy with single intrauterine fetal deaths after the 20th gestational week during the period from January 1996 to December 2000 at Chonnam University Hospital. Results : Gestational age was $33.7{\pm}3.2weeks$, birth weight was $1,992{\pm}592g$. Interval between one fetal death being detected and the delivery of a live co-twin was $32.4{\pm}29.5days$. There were 11 cases(73.3%) of premature babies less than 37 gestational weeks. Main causes of preterm delivery were preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes. Hematologic findings suggesting disseminated intravascular coagulopathy(DIC) were not found in all mothers before delivery, and was not associated with DIC and encephalomalacia of the live co-twin. Perinatal outcome of fifteen live co-twins was as follows : six were normal(40%), three were DIC(20.0%), three were encephalomalacia(20.0%), one suffered intrauterine growth retardation, there was one case of twin to twin transfusion syndrome, and one of congenital heart disease(atrial septal defect with pulmonary stenosis). The occurrence of DIC and encephalomalacia in live co-twins was not related to placental chorionicity, birth weight, gestational week, and the interval between the detection one fetal death and the delivery of a live co-twin. Conclusion : We could not find any maternal hematologic problems in twin pregnancies complicated by one fetal death. Twenty percent of live co-twins showed DIC and encephalomalacia. However, its associated risk factors were not found. We need to investigate more closely the cases of live co-twins with one intrauterine fetal death.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.768-771
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• 2008

The use of IVUS provides information about the lumen and arterial wall, the location and extent of atherosclerotic plaque and the state of the arterial wall after PCi. The use of IVUS after insertion of an intracoronary stent has currently increased, while conflicting evidence exists concerning the long-term benefits of IVUS. We report here on a case of surgical removal of an entrapped and fractured IVUS catheter during insertion of intracoronary stents, and we include a review of the relevant literature.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.349-356
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• 2012

In the diagnosis of coronary artery atheromatous plaque, Cardiac computed tomography (Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography: CCTA) compared with IVUS(Intravascular Ultrasound: IVUS) investigate the diagnostic accuracy, Interested in CCTA atheromatous plaque in computed tomography values (Hounsfield Unit: HU) try to find out. From April 2006 to August 2008 among coronary artery disease(Coronary Artery Disease: CAD) patients with confirmed or suspicious of CAD by CCTA performed atherosclerotic plaques and found 200 patients who underwent IVUS were enrolled. 200 patients who underwent CCTA and IVUS results from the 476 plaque was found, IVUS results of the soft plaque(n; 84), fibrous plaque(n; 63), mixed plaque (n; 97), calcific plaque(n; 232). The results are classified according to the IVUS plaque in HU in the soft plaque : $53.8{\pm}10.5$, fibrous plaque : $108.1{\pm}20.0$, mixed plaque : $371.2{\pm}113.1$, and calcific plaque : $731.0{\pm}160.4$. CCTA had sensitivity of 97% and confidence interval of 95.0-98.3. This study that is the diagnosis of coronary atheromatous plaque for using CCTA, we confirm the high sensitivity and the confidence interval Based on IVUS results CCTA atheromatous plaque with HU in the analysis could be classified to characterize in the treatment of patients with CAD is expected to help.