• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.232-241
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• 2019

This study examines one of the conventional and controversial issues in modern finance. Specifically, this study identifies financial determinants of corporate R&D intensity for firms belonging to Korean Chaebols. Empirical estimation procedures are applied to derive more robust results of each hypothesis test. Static panel data, Tobit regression and stepwise regression models are employed to obtain significant financial factors of R&D expenditures, while logit, probit and complementary log-log regression models are used to detect financial differences between Chaebol firms and their counterparts not classified as Chaebols. Study results found the level of R&D intensity in the prior fiscal year, market-value based leverage ratio and firm size empirically showed their significance to account for corporate R&D intensity in the first hypothesis test, whereas the majority of explanatory variables had important power on a relative basis. Assuming that the current circumstances in the domestic capital market may necessitate gradual changes of Korean Chaebols in terms of their socio-economic function, the results of this study are expected to contribute to identifying financial antecedents that can be beneficial to attain optimal level of corporate R&D expenditures for Chaebol firms on a virtuous cycle.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.24
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• pp.73-112
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• 2010

With progress of the sound and moving picture recording technology, sound and moving picture have been a tool for evidence and memory on human activities. Accordingly, in archival science the importance of oral history as a record is disseminating and the production of oral record is carried out actively. But for producing oral record in archival institutions, the identity of oral record need to be established more firmly. Archival science is the task which delivers the current appearance of life to future through records. Therefore producing oral record in archival science must have unique characters. And archival science is the task which is building current memory. Therefore the identity of oral more firmly. This article intends to explore the meaning and role of oral record from a perspective of archival science. All these days, the theories and methodologies had been developed focusing on written records mainly in the deep-rooted influence of positivism. But as it is enabled the creation and preservation of records through 'speech', it need to be noted that oral record is the very core of tool for delivering the current society shape and collective memory. Therefore this article will intend to explore the meaning and role of oral record as a part of effort to establish the identity of oral record.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.781-792
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• 2018

In modern society, as technology develops and industry diversifies, students can choose from a variety of career paths. Since science, technology, engineering, and mathematics require a longer education and experience than other fields, it is important to design science education policies based on the competencies required for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations. This study explores the definition of science and technology manpower and STEM occupations and identifies core competencies of STEM occupations using standard job information operated and maintained by the US Department of Labor ($O^*NET$). We specially analyzed ratings of the importance of skills (35 ratings), knowledge (33 ratings), and work activities (41 ratings) conducting descriptive analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). As a result, core competencies of STEM occupations consist of STEM problem-solving competency, Management competency, Technical competency, Social service competency, Teaching competency, Design competency, Bio-chemistry competency, and Public service competency, which accounts for 70% of the total variance. This study can be a reference for setting the curriculum and educational goals in secondary and college education by showing the diversity of science and technology occupations and the competencies required for STEM occupations.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.68-78
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• 2019

In modern society, the paradigm of terrorism is shifting to the form of soft targets focusing on an unspecified number of people, which is different from previous terrorist tendencies, and frequent attacks using chemicals. Therefore, this study analyzed the evacuation environment and characteristics, manual analysis of a terror response manual, and the domestic chemical management status of multi-use facilities, and proposed the following management measures for chemical terror prevention in multi-use facilities. First, a multi-use facility guideline for prompt onsite response is proposed. Second, an improvement plan is suggested through the analysis of the manual for counter terrorism. Third, integrated management is proposed through the selection of chemicals available for terrorism. Through this, it is expected that an additional improvement plan will be prepared for countermeasures against chemical terrorism in multi-use facilities. In the future, it will be necessary to analyze the problems through cases of foreign countries and take customized countermeasures.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2019

The quality of service delivery by governments to their citizens is a subject of concern in the contemporary society. E-governance is a critical aspect that is transforming government operation and service delivery to citizens and other bodies through application of information technology. This research explores the state of e-governing focusing on nations that are developing with special attention to Pakistan. The difficulties and benefits encountered are identified. The results are vital for implementers of e-governing systems in these countries. The methodology applied entails a secondary research that involves analysis and synthesis of literature relating the research topic. The results reveal that Pakistan has made incredible steps in setting up e-governance systems with growth in internet use and access of data from a digital platform. The findings reveal that e-government is associated with multiple benefits including enhanced quality of services, cost efficiency in service provision, enhance transparency and elimination of corruption, provide the basis for eradication of poverty, boost economic stability of a country, and provide room for direct democracy. The research also found that developing countries experience challenges in form of financial constraints, poor ICT infrastructure, illiteracy on e-government, political consensus constraints, legal obstacles, social and cultural constraints. E-government has the capability to transform the quality of governance provided by governments, and policymakers and implementers should address the constraints that act as a hindrance to its implementation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

The The government has recently announced its mid- to long-term plans for promoting art. With the advent of the 4th industrial revolution, contemporary art contents that are integrated with Intelligent Information Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR), and Big Data are being introduced, and social interest in humanities and creative convergence is rising. In addition, the industrialization of the art market is expanding amid the rising popularity of art among the general public and the growing interest of art as an investment replacement system, along with the strengthening of the creative personality education of our Education Ministry. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a strategy for transparency and revitalization of the art market by providing comprehensive information such as search functions, analysis data, and criticism by writer and price. This paper has established an information system plan for the establishment of an online supply system for art transaction information, providing auction transaction information for art market, providing report and news for art market, providing public relations platform, and providing art market analysis service and membership relationship management service. To this end, the future model was established through environmental analysis and focus analysis of the art market, and strategic tasks and implementation plans were established accordingly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.379-385
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• 2021

Tattoo, which has been 5000 years' history is the symbol of the collective society. It was used as one of the methods not only to defense and camouflage but also to decorate themselves. In modern society, tattoo culture is either limited to ethnic minorities or be used as a decorative element of personal preference. Among them, the Chinese ethnic minority, the Dai, is still maintaining its tattoo culture, but gradually faded. Hence, the necessity of protecting the tattoo culture of the Dai is essential. The procedures and methods of this study were conducted by analyzing an antique book, explore residential areas, data research, and data collection through interviews. According to research, the tattoo culture of the Dai has been consistently passed down through traditional tattoo pictorial books, the memories of tattooists, and the stories of people who got tattoos. However, the Dai's traditional culture and customs are influenced by the China political reform between 1952 and 1956, confirming that the size of tattoo culture was reduced than before and evanesces. As a result, in order to inherit the ethnic minorities Dai's tattoo heritage, records of tattoo culture are required. Besides, it is considered that the records of tattoo culture and interpretations of tattoo culture by tattooists and the people who got a tattoo due to aging in the future should be studied.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.6_3
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• pp.1749-1760
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• 2022

In modern society, human and social damages caused by natural disasters and frequent disaster accidents have been increased year by year. Prompt access to dangerous disaster sites that are inaccessible or inaccessible using state-of-the-art Earth observation equipment such as satellites, drones, and survey robots, and timely collection and analysis of meaningful disaster information. It can play an important role in protecting people's property and life throughout the entire disaster management cycle, such as responding to disaster sites and establishing mid-to long-term recovery plans. This special issue introduces the National Disaster Management Research Institute (NDMI)'s disaster management technology that utilizes various Earth observation platforms, such as mobile survey vehicles equipped with close-range disaster site survey sensors, drones, and survey robots, as well as satellite technology, which is a tool of remote earth observation. Major research achievements include detection of damage from water disasters using Google Earth Engine, mid- and long-term time series observation, detection of reservoir water bodies using Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images and artificial intelligence, analysis of resident movement patterns in case of forest fire disasters, and data analysis of disaster safety research. Efficient integrated management and utilization plan research results are summarized. In addition, research results on scientific investigation activities on the causes of disasters using drones and survey robots during the investigation of inaccessible and dangerous disaster sites were described.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.77-87
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• 2010

Currently, our society has been changed from the industrial society to the information society. As the war progresses to Information Warfare, Network-Centric Warfare, Long-Range Precision Engagement and Robot Warfare, the military should advance to High-tech Scientific force. For this creation of the war potential, it is regarded as the warfighting experiment is a critical method. Surely it is rational that LVC(Live Virtual Constructive simulation) is desirable to make the warfighting experiment. But because it is limited by the cost, the time, the place and the resource, the constructive simulation(M&S : Modeling&Simulation) is a good tool to solve those problems. There are some studies about the evaluation process for developing the model, but it is unsatisfying in the process of the constructive simulations' operation. This study focuses on the way of constructive simulation operation, which is supplied with the evaluation process(VV&A : Verification Validation & Accreditation). We introduce the example of the rear area operation simulation for "appropriateness evaluation to the organization of logistic corps" by the AWAM(Army Weapon Analysis Model). This study presents the effective methods of the constructive simulations, which is based on the reliable evaluation process, so it will contribute to the warfighting experiments.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.25-52
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• 2019

Esperpento denotes a literary style in Spanish literature first established by Spanish author Ramón María del Valle Inclán that uses distorted descriptions of reality in order to criticize society. And esperpento's narrative strategy is similar in many ways to Mikhail Bakhtin's carnivalism. Especially Valle Inclán's first esperpentic theatre, Luces de Bohemia contained various carnivalistic elements of Bakhtin. The various techniques of Valle Inclán's esperpento used in Luces de Bohemia can be explained by Bachchin's carnivalist techniques. Therefore, this paper aims to re-examine the esperpentic techniques in Luces de Bohemia of Valle Inclán in terms of Bakhchin's carnivalism. Because the esperpentic tecniques of this play pursue the subversion of power or authority through the carnivalistic aspects such as polyphony, subversion of seriousness, parody, grotesque realism, plaza, ambivalence, anomalous structure of space, time and plot, etc. Esperpento and carnivalism serve as a tool to interpret the social reality, beyond criticism and satire of Spanish society. The characters act passively on all the external factors that determine human destiny, rather than actively carving their own destiny like the classic heroes. Modern man cannot defy or control the external situation of the modern civilization. So they are tragic. In this situation, the protagonist of the tragedy who challenges reality disappears and a puppet figure like Max Estrella, the protagonist of the Luces de Bohemia, takes his place on a satirical level. This is the satire and the true meaning of carnivalistic humor that Valle Inclán tried in his play.