• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.78-92
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• 2010

The culture phenomenon, which the desire of self expression is noticeable and the diversity of gender identity is widely accepted, simply makes a difference in the lifestyle of one human being rather than the dichotomous classification of male and female. Now, the delicate and aesthetic sensitivity classified as the feminine characteristics is no longer the exclusive property of female and this refers to substituting it as a social gender from the concept of biological sex. This phenomenon has influenced on the male culture and is creating various codes according to the cultural gender extended from the gender as a social role. Also, the transition into the western lifestyle has extended the aesthetic emotion to accommodate new codes from the diversification and globalization of lifestyle. The mansumer power, which does not care too much about the money for the emotionally attached items, has enabled various fashion styles. After analyzing the diversified clothing behavior conducted by these people in connection with the social phenomenon, First, this shows the phenomenon of emotional value pursuit that finds pleasure over the clothing as the item of augmented reality is added to the concept of play, in which the real space referred to as garment and virtual space of playing the rock, paper and scissors game meet together within the augmented reality. Second, the convergence concept has enabled the coordination of new style by obscuring the area of design concept and this refers to the changes in design from the development of new items and transformation into double-style details. Third, the divergence that intensively provides specific use/convenience and specialized value shows a change in the fashion market from the phenomenon that admits various gene rations of culture and specifically, takes differently about the recognition of middle-aged males. Fourth, the variety seeking tendency receives attention as the value of future design together with the phenomenon of discriminative value pursuit. In the male fashion, it is linked to the collaboration with the design area and this tells that the fashion with the narcissistic cross-dressing and motto of neutral gender without being sided to male/female is rising.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.10
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• pp.104-118
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the recent various developments of men's fashion by analyzing how exotic tastes were presented in men's modern fashion from 2001 to 2010. For this purpose, a researcher reviewed relevant studies to identify the styles of exotic tastes that were reflected in men's modern fashion specifically in Chinese, Japanese, Indian, East Asian, American, North American and South American styles. Findings of this study is summarized as follows. Main examples of men's modern fashion were found in Chinese-style apparel such as the magwae, queue, coolie hat and the Mao jacket. The Kimono and the samurai robe, both of which best represent Japanese apparel and the Japanese traditional patterns also had an influence on men's modern fashion Indian style clothing such as dhoti, veshti and lungi which cover the lower body, vajani as loose trousers, kurta of full-over tunic form and turban also had an effect as well. The men's modern fashion is also impacted by Middle Asian styles that includes the thobe, sirwaal, futah, which is sort of a skirt that is long enough to cover the calf and whose front parts overlap each other, turbans and the hempen hood which is fixed with the agal. Exotic elements such as animal skins, body painting, tattoos and head dresses found in African styles can also be found in men's modern fashion. Parts of North American style influence come from the applications of Indians' costume and head dress. The surveyed men's modern fashion of the South America style was represented by the applications of natives' costume and Andean tunic, loincloth and shawl. In all of the exotic styles found in men's modern fashion, historicity, eclecticism, aestheticism and nature-orientation are implied. They are the source of inspirations that promote changes and diversity in men's modern fashion.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.439-446
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• 2019

Feminism on the theme of gender equality is emerging as an important issue in the overall Korean culture. Feminism is not only a level of claiming or advocating women's rights, but an essential subject of gaze and thought, not a distorted, artificially portrayed image of women distorted or typified in a story created by men in the past It is a film that explores the problem of the individual's life in society fundamentally. Jun Koeun's movie' 'micro-habitat'(2018) 'expresses a feminist theme that shows a strong self - selection and transcendental thinking in male - oriented stereotypes and inequal social structure. The film, which focuses on the public insight into society and the enhancement of the ideal human being from the viewpoint that the public film should lead the educated enlightenment character that raises the broad insight into the world and lead the mature social culture, I think it will play a big role.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.222-238
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• 2019

This study is aimed at applying the philosophical concept of "$diff{\acute{e}}rance$" to contemporary men's fashion design, which could effectively show the shift in thinking. For the study method, the author examined the theoretical background of deconstruction and prepared the standard of analysis by organizing the concept of "$diff{\acute{e}}rance$," which exists at the center of philosophy. This study selected the three most popular brands: Maison Margiela, Comme des Garcons, and Yohji Yamamoto. The results are as follows. First, there is expression of perpetual reservation emphasizing time. This includes texture, patchworks, hems with ladder, and exposure of seam that expresses the trace of time flow and delayed delivery of immediate meaning, and the expression creates delay between major and minor and leads to consistent role exchange. Second, the trace of blank that emphasizes the space gives a visual sense of weight on spares with the intentionally granted space, as well as the space that is the trace of trace and creates a sense of depth through the direction of empty space. Third, the space created in the process of wearing cloth is visualized, the structure of clothing is deconstructed, and the movement from the process recomposes the shape of space and expands the definition that enables expansion of time and space. Fourth, the undetermined relationship expresses the border of time and space visually and deconstructs time and space. The approaches are mostly constructive, demonstrating an avant-garde form of clothes-wearing to show the non-form or imbalance condition.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.159-173
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• 2021

This study attempted to investigate the perspective of the skirts of male and female students by analyzing the differences in image evaluation according to the constituent elements (type, length, and wearing method) of men's skirt designs in modern fashion. The study included 109 male and female college students from Generation Z residing or whose life center was in Gwangju Metropolitan City, to evaluate 12 images depicting types of men's skirts. First, the constituent image evaluation factors according to the constituent design elements of men's skirts were analyzed. Second, the differences in each constituent image evaluation factor based on the constituent design elements of men's skirt designs were analyzed. Third, the gender-based differences in image evaluation by men and women concerning the constituent design elements of men's skirt designs were analyzed. The analysis included relatively more women than men. The results of the image recognition dimension included the following categories: "attractive image," "evaluable image," "gender image," and "personality image." In modern fashion, skirts are used to express the diverse personalities of men's fashion. Thus, they are used beyond the stereotype of women's clothing, toward expanding and diversifying the image of men's clothing through mixing and creating a dichotomous image of men and women. It can be used as a design that suggests a gender-fluid image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.2 s.101
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• pp.70-82
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the trends and features of male fashion and hair style image and thereby, determine the relationship between fashion and hair styles, and thus, provide for some basic data for future studies about male hair styles as well as for new male hair style trends. For this purpose, relevant literature was extensively reviewed including some visual materials. The major references for this study were domestic and foreign books, journals and preceding studies about fashion and hair. The visual materials referred to for this study were domestic magazines specialized in fashion and hair, visual data supplied by hair product brands, Korea Beauty Parlor Journal, Beauty and Cosmetic Newspaper, Beauty Today, and such fashion special websites as $S{\cdot}F{\cdot}I,\;C{\cdot}F{\cdot}T$, firstview.com, fashionwide.com, etc. Based on the results from a questionnaire survey of master or Ph degree holders of apparel science, reputed designer were sampled and then, 80 works were finally sampled from their collections published between January, 2002 and April, 2005. As a result of analyzing the images shown in modern male apparel and hair style fashions by classifying them into natural, restored, folklore and eclectic ones, it was confirmed that both male apparels and hair styles have been reinterpreted in modern terms depending on social and cultural settings to be expressed as new styles, and in particular, that male hair styles have evolved diversely into new styles depending on fashion tendencies, while having been versatile in some relationships with their fashion tendencies.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.43
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• pp.51-77
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• 2016

In February, 2012, three members of the Russian Feminist Rock group 'Pussy Riot' were accused of staging a 'Punk Prayer' in the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow and were imprisoned for two years. This case, which sparked widespread enthusiastic support from those in the West, was viewed in Russia in quite a different way. The Pussy Riot affair very effectively shows the historic base of contemporary Russian gender discourse and gives an explanation as to why Putin's very conservative and masculine-centered nationalistic agenda works in Russian society with such great success. In this article, we introduce the Pussy Riot case and compare the reactions to the case published in the Russian and Western press; we then examine the historic causes of the masculine-centered nationalistic agenda of Putin's government.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.604-613
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• 2013

Advanced research has often discussed that the melodrama genre reproduces typical female image more than any other genre in setting up female image. However, the advanced research is not based on quantitative methods, so it is hard to say that it has verified the conservativeness or typicality of the melodrama genre. This study applies quantitative research methods for the typicality of female image in the TV melodrama genre and intends to prove it through comparative analysis with the overall genre female image. According to the study result, the TV melodrama genre's shows less change than the overall genre female image. About their appearance, the overall genre female image indicates increase of non-femininity and activeness in their relationship with others; however, in the melodrama genre, women with typical feminine appearance and passive female image have been maintained from 1992 till 2012. In the system in which women shared men's capital in their lover or wife's status, their feminine and beautiful appearance was used as women's physical capital that enhances their possibility to be selected by men. Even in the present that women's economic power has been elevated, however, the melodrama genre still maintains typical female image distinctively. Typicality of such female image shown in the melodrama genre of which major viewers are women seems to represent contemporary women's ambivalent and contradictory desire.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.45
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• pp.5-16
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• 1999

본 연구의 목적은 Navajo 직물의 역사적 발달을 고전시대를 중심으로 살펴보고 특히 외부영향에 따른 직물의 변화를 고찰하는데 있다. 구체적으로 1) 고전시대의 전통적인 직물은 어떻게 발달하였는가\ulcorner 2) 고전시대 직물의 전통적 요소와 외부영향요인은 어떤 점이 다른가\ulcorner 예 초점을 맞추었다. 연구방법은 아메리카 인디언의 이동,문화 Navajo 직조 및 직물에 대한 문헌을 바탕을 조사하였고 아리조나 주립박물과 아리조나 역사 박물관을 방문하였으며 박물관 안에 있는 전문가들의 조언을 듣고 연구의 자료를 보완하였다. 또 비교 미학적 차원에서 고전시대 navajo 직물의 전통적 요소와 외부영향 요인을 분석하였고 외부영향을 받은 직물의 예를 시각적자료로 제시하였다. 이연구는 인디언직물에 대한 이해, 고전시대. Navajo 직물의 문헌고찰을 통한 민족의복의 문화적측면에 기여할수 이고 현대적 감각을 지닌 Navajo 직물을 한국직물에 접목 응용하는데 도움을 줄수 있다 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Navajo 직물을 고전, 전환, 양탄자 시대로 구분되었고. 이중에서 고전시대가 navajo 직물의 특성을 가장 잘 나타내었으며 발달된 직조기술을 보였다. Navajo인들의 직조기술은 1863년경 최고조에 달했다. Navajo 직물의 디자인 주제로 주로 인간을 둘러싸고 있는 환경에서 얻어졌고 이것들은 직선의 기하학적 형태로 구체화되었다. 또한 직물에 표현된 색도 자연과 밀접한 관련성을 갖는 있었다. 2. Navajo 직물의 주용한 용도는 여성용 드레스, 남성용 셔츠는 어깨에 걸치는 두르개였다. 여성용 드레스는 동일한 크기의 직물의 두장을 직조한 후에 꿰매었고 남성용 셔츠는 머리가 들어갈수 있는 구멍이 있는 장방형 판쵸 스타일이었다. 어깨에 걸치는 두르개는 여성의 경우 가운데가 검은색이고 가장자리가 푸른색인형태오 흰색과 붉은 색이 교대로 나타나는 형태의 2가지가 있었고 남성용은 고전시대의 대표라고 일컬어지는 족장 두르개였다. 3. Navajo 직물은 외부의 영향을 받아 많은 변화를 가져왔다. 즉 스페인 사람들로 인하여 면 섬유대신 양모섬유를 사용하게 되었고 전통적 모양과 다른직물이 출현하게 되었다. 또한 인디고 염류, 색소니 실, 바에타 직물의 도입으로 다양한 색상의 표현이 가능해졌고 이와 관련하여 다이아몬드 십자형 톱니형 무늬드이 나타나게 되었다. 4, 고전시대를 대표하는 직물로 족장 두르개, 쇼올, 안장덮개를 들수 있으며 이 직물들에서 뚜렷하게 외부영향 요인을볼수 있다. 즉 족장 두르개의 가장 정교한 단계에서 다이아몬드 무늬가 가장가리 가운데 모서리에 위치하여 9지점 배치를 이룬 것 쇼올의 경우 폭보다 길이가 긴 형태의 비전통적 모습을 나타낸 것 안장덮개에서 보여지는 여덟포인트 별 무늬도 외부의 영향을 받은예이다. 뛰어난 직조기술로 유명한 navajo인들은 변화에 잘 적응하는 특성을 갖고 있었다. 외부의 영향을 그들은 긍정적으로 받아들였고 자기 자신들의 필요에 맞도록 수정하여 정체감을 잃지 않으면서도 문화를 발전시켰다. 따라서 고전시대의 Navajo 직물은 고유적 요인과 외래적 요인의 조화를잘 나타내고 있으며 디자인의 탁월함이 세련됨 천연염료와 인조염료의 배\ulcorner에 의한 색상의 우월성 등으로 오늘까지 높이 평가되고있다.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.23-41
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• 2019

This study understand the subject domain of book which has been read by men and woman elderly by analizying the PFNET using library big data and confirm the difference between adult at age 30-40. This study extract co-occurrence matrix of book lending on the popular book list from library big data, for 4 group, men/woman elderly, men/woman adult. With these matrix, this study performs FP network analysis. And Pearson Correlation Analysis based on the Triangle Betweenness Centrality calculated on the loan book was performed to understand the correlation among the 4 clusters which has been created by PNNC algorithm. As a result, reading trend which has been focused on modern korean novel has been revealed in elderly regardless gender, among them, men elderly show extreme tendency concentrated on modern korean long series novel. In the correlation analysis, the male elderly showed a weak negative correlation with the adult male of r = -0.222, and the negative direction of all the other groups showed that the tendency of male elderly's loan book was opposite.