• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.85-104
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• 2019

Past research showed that presence of others induces morally desirable behavior and stricter judgments. That is, presence of others makes people become a moral being. On the other hand, little research has been conducted to test what effects facial expression of others have on moral judgments. In this research, we tested the effects of emotion exposed by facial expression on moral judgments. To this end, we presented descriptions of immoral or prosocial behavior along with facial expression of various emotions (in particular, disgust and happiness), and asked participants to make moral judgments on the behavior in the descriptions. In Experiment 1, facial expression did not affect moral judgments, but variability of judgments was increased when descriptions and facial expression were incongruent. In experiment 2, we modified potential reasons of the null effect and conducted the experiment using the same procedure. Subjects in Experiment 2 made stricter judgments with disgust faces than with happy faces for immoral behavior, but the effect did not occur for prosocial behavior. In Experiment 3, we repeated the same experiment after having subjects to consider themselves as the actor in the descriptions. The results replicated the effects of facial expression in Experiment 2 but there was no effect of the actor on moral judgments. This research showed that facial expression of others specifically affects moral judgments on immoral behavior but not on prosocial behavior. In general discussion, we provided further discussion on the results and the limitations of this research.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.333-341
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• 2024

So far, the rationality of management decisions has been limited to the economic rationality of maximizing self-interest. However, management rationality in the ESG era, which pursues the interests of the environment, society, and the company from the perspective of harmony and balance, requires new judgment standards. The goal of ESG management is sustainable development. Sustainable development goes beyond the accumulation of wealth, which was the goal of the past economy, and aims for the happiness of the entire society, including coexistence and fair development that develops together with the entire society. From Aristotle's perspective, the happiness of the entire society promoted by sustainable development is no different from the highest good of citizens, members of the community. Accordingly, this paper attempted to explore the new management rationality required for managers in the ESG era by comparing Aristotle's concept of citizenship with the concept of 'corporate citizenship', one of the main concepts of ESG management. Through this, we sought to show that companies are essentially communal entities and that the company's pursuit of profit requires rationality of balance and harmony with environmental and social interests.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.559-561
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• 2012

본 연구는 VTS 업무 현장에서 발생할 수 있는 여러 딜레마적 상황에 대한 실제 예를 통해, 그 당시 실제 대처했던 방안에 대해 설명 후, 그 상황에서 가장 최선의 선택과 판단이 무엇인지에 대해 논의하였다. 더 나아가 '마이클 센델' 교수의 저서 '정의란 무엇인가?'의 내용을 기초로 하여, VTS 업무에서의 정의가 무엇인지에 대한 근본적인 질문을 고찰하여 보았다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.476-483
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to make a suitable images for korean emotional expressions. KSFI(Korean Standard Facial Image)-AUs was produced from korean standard apperance and FACS(Facial Action coding system)-AUs. For the objectivity of KSFI, the survey was examined about emotion recognition rate and contribution of emotion recognition in facial elements from six-basic emotional expression images(sadness, happiness, disgust, fear, anger and surprise). As a result of the experiment, the images of happiness, surprise, sadness and anger which had shown higher accuracy. Also, emotional recognition rate was mainly decided by the facial element of eyes and a mouth. Through the result of this study, KSFI contents which could be combined AU images was proposed. In this future, KSFI would be helpful contents to improve emotion recognition rate.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.366-378
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• 2023

This study analyzed the impact of securing nature-friendly public spaces on the healthy growth of children. Additionally, it examined the case of Germany to extract implications for Korea. The natural environment enhances children's play, physical activity, cognitive abilities, and overall happiness. Therefore, it is generally considered a necessary space that must be provided for domestically, especially for children who experience high academic stress and low levels of happiness. However, as evidenced by Germany's "Nature Experience Area Project," creating nature-friendly spaces for children requires legal support at the national level. Additionally, such projects should be integrated with key national policies. Furthermore, beyond interdisciplinary collaboration, caregivers must have a positive perception of the natural environment.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-53
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the elements of activating happiness education suggested by Noddings is reflected in the Home Economics part of Middle School Technology-Home Economics Textbook Volume 1 of 2009 Curriculum Revision. The introduction style of unit, sub-unit, and small chapter, the objectives, the body contents, the activity resources, the tables/diagrams/pictures, the supplementry and advancedl materials, and the wrap-up and evaluation of sub-unit and units of Home Economics part of Technology Home Economics textbook volume 1 were analyzed. Noddings suggested the elements for activating happiness education in five areas of personal life sector including 'home making', 'place and nature', 'parenting', 'chracter and spiriual experiences', and 'growth of interpersonal relationships' and two areas of public one including 'preperation for work' and 'community, democracy and voluntary activities'. The specific elements in seven sectors of activating happiness education were extracted using the content analysis. How the elements of those suggested by Noddings were reflected in the various parts of the textbook were analyzed in terms of the closeness of approaches, contents, and procedures between Noddings's and textbook. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The degree to which the elements of activating happiness education were reflected in the textbook differed by each unit. The elements of activating happiness education were reflected the most frequently in the unit of 'Understanding Adolescence' and the least frequently in the unit of 'Self-management of Adolescence'. 2. Although the elements of activating happiness education were generally reflected in all the elements of a textbook, these elements were relatively more reflected in the body contents and tables/diagrams/pictures.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.91-112
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the elements of activating happiness education suggested by Noddings is reflected in the Home Economics part of Middle School Technology-Home Economics Textbook Volume 2 of 2009 Curriculum Revision. The introduction style of unit, sub-unit, and small chapter, the objectives, the body contents, the activity resources, the tables/diagrams/pictures, the supplementry and advancedl materials, and the wrap-up and evaluation of sub-unit and units of Home Economics part of Technology Home Economics textbook volume 2 were analyzed. Noddings suggested the elements for activating happiness education in five areas of personal life sector including 'home making', 'place and nature', 'parenting', 'chracter and spiriual experiences', and 'growth of interpersonal relationships' and two areas of public one including 'preperation for work' and 'community, democracy and voluntary activities'. The specific elements in seven sectors of activating happiness education were extracted using the content analysis. How the elements of those suggested by Noddings were reflected in the various parts of the textbook were analyzed in terms of the closeness of approaches, contents, and procedures between Noddings's and textbook. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The degree to which the elements of activating happiness education were reflected in the textbook differed by each unit. The elements of activating happiness education were reflected the most frequently in the unit of 'Unit of Practice of Eco-friendly Family Life' and the least frequently in the unit of 'Unit of Career and Life Planning'. 2. The Home Economics units of Technology Home Economics textbooks 1&2 reflects the factors of personal life and public life that Noddings suggested for activating happiness. However, personal life-related factors are relatively more reflected in the units than the public life-related factors. 3. Although the elements of activating happiness education were generally reflected in all the elements of a textbook, these elements were relatively more reflected in the Unit Introduction, Sub-unit Introduction, Chapter and Introduction, Objectives, body contents and tables/diagrams/pictures.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.439-444
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• 2007

정서 전달에는 언어적 의사소통뿐만 아니라 비언어적 의사소통이 거론되곤 한다. 하지만 지금까지의 비언어적 의사소통 연구는 대부분 언어의 음향학적 연구나 얼굴표정 연구에 국한되었다. 또한 음악의 정서에 대한 연구는 음악적 구조 혹은 스타일과 여러 성격적 특질 및 행동 간의 관계, 혹은 생리적 효과 등 어떤 음악(what music)이 특정한 효과를 일으키느냐에 중점을 두고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Gabrielsson & Juslin(1996)의 연구에 의거, 음악을 통하여 작곡가가 아닌 연주자의 의도된 정서가 청자에게 얼마나 잘 지각될 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 봉 녕구의 가설은 다음과 같다; 첫째, 연주자의 정서적 의도는 음악의 모든 물리적 변인에 영향을 준다; 둘째, 청자는 의도된 정서를 지각하는 데 일반적으로 성공적이다; 셋째, 특정 정서는 다른 정서보다 더 잘 구분된다. 본 연구에 사용된 곡은 학습 효과를 배제하기 위하여 새롭게 전문 작곡가에 의해 작곡되었으며, 전문 연주자는 동일한 곡을 7종류의 정서(행복한, 슬픈, 화난, 두려운, 다정한, 엄숙한, 정서 표현 없음)를 표현하도록 연주하였다. 하나의 완전한 음악을 표현하기 위하여 각 곡은 멜로디(악기구성: 일렉트릭 기타, 베이스, 그랜드 피아노)와 리듬(드럼)을 포함하였다. 실험참가자는 각 곡을 듣고 7개의 정서 종류 각각에 점수를 평정하였다. 그 결과 이전 연구와 마찬가지로 청자는 연주자의 의도된 정서를 일반적으로 지각하는 데 성공하였으며 7개의 정서 중 특징적인 정서("행복한", "슬픈", "화난", "다정한") 는 다른 정서 보다 더 잘 구별되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 "두려운" 정서 곡의 음향분석 결과 소리 강도의 큰 변산이 특징이었다. 이는 이전 연구에서 "두려운" 정서의 특징인 타이밍의 큰 변산과 함께, "두려운" 정서가 '불규칙적이거나 변화가 커서 예측하기 어려운' 속성을 지니고 있음을 시사한다. 또한 "다정한" 정서에 대해서 본 연구에서는 다른 모든 정서와 유의미한 차이를 보인 반면, 이전 연구에서는 "슬픈"과 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 이는 본 연구에 쓰인 "다정한" 정서의 곡은 리듬 패턴을 다른 정서 버전과는 다르게 보사노바 리듬을 사용하였다. 이전 연구와는 다르게 빠른 템포였음에도 불구하고 구별이 잘 된 이유는 이와 같이 장르 특징적인 영향이 컸기 때문이라고 할 수 있다. 이는 연주자나 음악 스타일 자체의 성격이 정서 판단에 있어 큰 영향을 준다는 사실을 시사한다. 종합적으로 음악을 통한 정서 전달에 있어 연주자, 청자, 악기, 음악 스타일의 차이가 영향을 줄 수 있다는 사실을 확인하였으며 이러한 결과는 Scherer & Oshinsky(1977)가 언급하였듯 음악 연주가 다른 비언어적 의사소통 방법과 공유하는 특징이 있음을 시사한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.190-206
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• 2016

This study explores the meaning of life insurance planner's job experiences achieving job security, high performance and high income. After 6 of life insurance planners working in the field were chosen as the study participants, we use narrative approach to studying the meaning of their job experiences. The study shows that perception about job competency of planners depends on the level of experience: candidates who had no experience at all feel that anyone can perform planner's job, new employees after introduction training program see planners can do with product knowledge and consulting competency, and experienced people admit they can perform successfully only when they have good attitude towards customers and do all their work in a conscientious manner. Also, the meaning of planner's job experiences is identified as awareness of work value and serving customers with their commitment. The anticipated factors that make planner's job performed successfully are playing a role as a teacher, doctor, and angel, being regarded as happiness preacher for economic stability of individuals and families, and displaying their performance as experts.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.468-468
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• 2022

기후변화 및 도시열섬화 등의 영향으로 여름철 폭염 및 봄·겨울철 미세먼지 영향은 증가하고 있다. 최근 40년(1980년~2019년) 동안 서울의 최고기온은 2.2℃ 증가하였으며, 이는 전국에서 두 번째로 높은 증가추세이다. 서울시는 도시열섬과 미세먼지 저감을 일환으로 '스마트 물순환도시 조성사업'을 추진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 서울형 물순환도시 소개와 더불어 쿨링포그, 쿨루프, 클린로드시스템, 투수블록, 식생수로 빗물정원 등 수자원을 활용한 기술을 조사하고 문헌조사를 통해 저감효과를 비교분석하였다. 이는 수자원을 활용한 도시 형태 개선으로 쾌적한 도시환경 조성 뿐만 아니라 시민의 행복과 만족감 증대에 기여할 것으로 판단되며, 향후 서울형 스마트 물순환도시 보다 많은 지역에 확대운영 할 수 되도록 기여하고자 한다.