• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.227-228
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• 2015

질병 치료에 대한 패러다임이 과거 치료 위주에서 조기진단 및 예방의 개념으로 전환되고 있으며 진단용 마커와 단클론 항체 제작은 핵심 기술로 부각되고 있다. 현재까지의 항원결정부위(epitope) 예측은 단백질의 1차구조인 아미노산 배열 순서를 바탕으로 추출되어 진다. 하지만 항원결정부위는 수용성의 항체와 직접 결합하기 때문에 친수성 잔기가 차지하는 비율이 높아야 하며, 면역계가 쉽게 인지할 수 있도록 노출되어 있어야하고, 긴 선상의 폴리펩티드 단백질이 3차원 구조를 형성하기 위해 회전, 유연성 등이 요구된다. 따라서 한 가지 성질 중심으로 할 경우 오류가 나올 가능성이 있다. 이를 보완하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 친수성(hydrophilicity), 극성(polarity), 파묻힘성(buried residues), 접근성(accessibility), 회전성(${\beta}-turns$), 유연성(flexibility), 굴절성(refractivity) 등을 분석한 후 통합 예측시스템을 개발하였다. 이를 검증하기 위해 고양이 백혈병 바이러스의 항원결정부위를 예측해보았다.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2001

Precise mechanism by which the fetus can escape from mother's immune rejection is not well understood yet over the last 50 years. The clarification of immune mechanism at the feto-maternal interface is very important, because this can be a common pathogenesis of various pathologic conditions including spontaneous abortion, habitual abortion fetal growth restriction preeclampsia, implantation failure after assisted reproductive techniques, and fetal death. In this review, current hypothetical contents were described with the priority of importance: 1) The center of this mechanism is cross-talk between the expression of HLA-C, E, G on the extravillous cytotrophoblasts and their receptors on decidual NK cell, 2) immunomodulation, 3) innate immunity is the main immunologic mechanism, 4) various mechanisms besides HLA system(eq. complement) may be associated. The overall balance of immunomodulation among these mechanisms should result in the outcome of each pregnancy. Further researches regarding the regulation of HLA system, roles of cytokines, complements should be followed in the future.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2004

Background : IFN-${\gamma}$ is the main effector mediator of the host immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Evaluating the IFN-${\gamma}$ gene expression in response to M. tuberculosis antigens may help in elucidating the host defense mechanism against M. tuberculosis and in the development of a vaccine. Methods : The IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA expression in the lymphocytes obtained from pleural effusions from tuberculous pleurisy patients (TB-PLC) after in vitro stimulation with whole cell M. tuberculosis(H37Rv), purified protein derivatives(PPD), man-lipoarabinamman (man-LAM), ara-LAM and Antigen 85B(Ag85B) were evaluated. The degree of IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA expression was determined by a semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Results : M. tuberculosis induced the expression of IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA in the TB-PLC in time and dose dependent manners. The PPD and Ag85B induced high levels of IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA expression in the TB-PLC. However, man-LAM inhibited IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA expression in the TB-PLC, while ara-LAM did not. Conclusion : IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA expression in TB-PLC is stimulated by PPD and Ag85B, but inhibited by man-LAM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.817-825
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• 2021

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by an inhaled inciting antigen that leads to the inflammation of the lung parenchyma and small airway with immunologic reactions. Over the last decades, the most effective therapeutic option for HP has been limited to antigen avoidance. The differential diagnosis of HP from other ILDs is the beginning of treatment as well as diagnosis. However, the presence of several overlapping clinical and radiologic features makes differentiating HP from other ILDs particularly challenging. In 2020, a multidisciplinary committee of experts from the American Thoracic Society, Japanese Respiratory Society, and Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax suggested a new clinical practice guideline classifying HP into nonfibrotic and fibrotic phenotypes on the basis of chest high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings. Therefore, we introduced a new diagnostic algorithm based on chest HRCT in the clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis of HP.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.971-976
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• 2008

Purpose : Surveillance for detecting and managing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a key component of tuberculosis control. The classic surveillance tool, the tuberculin skin test (TST), may have some limitations when used in the Bacillus Calmette-$Gu{\acute{e}}rin$ (BCG)-vaccinated population. The object was to perform a blood test $QuantiFERON^{(R)}$-TB Gold In Tube (QFT-G IT) based on the detection of interferon-$\gamma$ ($IFN-{\gamma}$) released by T cells in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens, and to compare the efficacy of this new diagnostic tool for LTBI with that of TST. Methods : For six months, between October 1, 2006 and April 30, 2007, data were collected from 111 patients under 15 years of age at Severance Children's Hospital. TST and QFT-G IT tests were performed with children with or without contact histories of tuberculosis. In addition to these tests, we examined comparative data from 29 adults who had tuberculosis, to detect false negative rates in the QFT-G IT method. Results : Thirty-three children had household contact histories. In this group, 15% and 42% of cases were found to be positive using the QFT-G IT assay and TST, respectively. Agreement was low between these two tests (${\kappa}=0.39$). In the adult active tuberculosis group, the QFT-G IT false negative rate defined as a positive culture and a negative QFT-G IT result was 12.5%. Conclusion : In diagnosing LTBI in children, the usefulness of a whole-blood $IFN-{\gamma}$ assay employing TB-specific antigens will be revealed only by examining additional longitudinal clinical data; this study serves as a starting point in that process.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1345-1354
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• 2016

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common and tissue-specific autoimmune disease of hair follicle resulting in the loss of hair on the scalp and elsewhere on the body. Hair follicles is a unique organ because it has its own immune system and hormonal milieu and has a different immune state at each hair cycle stage. The collapses of anagen-dependent hair follicle immune privilege arise autoimmune attack, inducing ectopic MHC class I expression in the hair follicle epithelium and autoantigen presentation to autoreactive CD8+T cells, which results in AA. Clinical and experimental studies have pointed that psychological stress may also influence the hair follicle immune/hormone systems and contribute to the induction of AA. The key pathogenesis of AA is associated with immune privilege guardians (including ACTH, ${\alpha}-MSH$, and $TGF-{\beta}$), natural killer group 2D-positive (NKG2D+) cells (including NK and CD8+T cells), and stress hormones (including CRH and substance P). Effective treatments for AA are still demanded. One of the future targets of treatment will be the modification of hair follicle immune privilege including stress. Recent studies have reported that JAK inhibitors and immunomodulators used in other autoimmune disease, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis, Tregs, platelet-rich plasma therapy, statins, and prostaglandin anaolgues are effective for AA. Here the article reviews the recent understanding in the pathogenesis associated with perifollicular endocrine/immunology and new treatments of AA.

• 한국지형공간정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.141-146
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• 2004

최근 들어 국내에서도 홍수에 의한 재산과 인명피해를 최소화하기 위해 지역특성에 알맞은 홍수지도를 제작 중에 있으며, 주로 LiDAR를 이용하여 홍수지도 지형자료를 구축하고 있다. 그러나 이에 많은 시간과 비용이 소요되기 때문에 이미 전국적으로 구축된 수치지형도를 이용한 홍수지도 지형자료 구축의 가능성과 타당성을 검증의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 수치지형도를 이용한 홍수지도제작시 가장 핵심이 되는 정확한 지형자료구축을 위해서 Breakline처리기법과 하천종횡단자료 연계방안을 중심으로 구리시 일부지역을 대상으로 DEM을 시범제작 하였다. 수치지형도와 LiDAR를 이용하여 구축한 DEM을 검수점을 통한 RMSE오차를 이용하여 수직위치정확도를 비교분석하였다. 분석을 위하여 선행연구(홍수지도제작, 2002)에서 검수점으로 사용한 9점과 제방부분의 실측한 9점을 본 연구의 검수점으로 사용하였다. 비교 결과 RMSE가 수치지형도 DEM의 경우 ${\pm}2.658m$이고, LiDAR DEM의 경우 ${\pm}3.430m$로 나타났다. 두 자료 모두 알려진 오차범위보다 훨씬 높은 오차가 발생함을 알 수 있었다. 향후 수치지형도를 이용한 효율적인 홍수지도 지형자료 구축을 위해서는 수치지형도의 신속하고 지속적인 갱신이 필요할 것이며, 현재 도시지역에만 구축되어 있는 1:1,000 수치지형도를 주변 하천지역까지 확대해서 구축해야 할 필요성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. 아울러 도입초기단계의 LiDAR 측량기술의 보급과 관련모델의 기술의 발달로 인하여 정확도 높은 DEM이 요구된다면 고밀도의 방대한 양의 LiDAR 자료로 DEM을 구축하는 것이 바람직하다고 사료된다.및 이용대책을 수립하는 데 활용될 수 있다., $1,000-2,000{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), 나머지 177종 식물은 살초활성을 나타내지 않았다. 높은 살초활성을 나타낸 식물로부터 분리되는 천연활성물질들은 향후 새로운 제초제 개발을 위한 모화합물 제공, 상호대립억제 작용성을 갖는 작물 품종 개발 혹은 개량에의 활용, 그리고 친환경 유기농업용 잡초방제에의 활용이 기대된다.내(皮膚上皮組織內)의 Langerhans cell내(內)의 Birbeck granule에 비(比)해 수적(數的)으로 현저히 감소(減少)되어 있었다. 그러나 Thy-1 양성(陽性) dendritic cell에서 볼 수 있는 dense-core 과립(顆粒)은 별변화(別變化)없이 쉽게 관찰(觀察)될 수 있었다. 조직배양(組織培養)을 한 견(犬)의 keratinocyte에 대(對)해 사람 pemphigus vulgaris의 항체(抗體)로 반응(反應)시킨 후 protein-A gold(15 nm)로 표식(標識)시킨 바 제일 바깥 상층(上層)의 keratinocyte에 있어서 세포막표면(細胞膜表面)을 따라 표식(標識)되어 세포막항원(細胞膜抗元)을 나타내었으며, 이와 같은 소견(所見)으로 미루어 정상피부(正常皮膚) 중층편평상피세포(重層扁平上皮細胞)에서도 동일(同一)한 소견(所見)을 관찰(觀察)할 수 있다고 본다.al remnants, Resorption of fetus로 관찰된 것이다. Fetal death는 수정후 $14{\sim}18$일까지의 사망으로써 Maceration of fetus로 관찰되는 것이다. 통계학적 분석은 각 Group의 착상 을과 자궁 내 사망 율을 산출할 때에는 각 임신마우스에 따라 발생빈도가 크

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 2024

Salmonella is a common food-borne intracellular bacterial pathogen that has triggered significant public health concerns. Salmonella hosts' genetic factors play a pivotal role in determining their susceptibility to the pathogen. Cysteine-rich intestinal protein 1 (CRIP1), a member of LIM/double zinc finger protein family, is widely expressed in humans, such as in the lungs, spleen, and especially the gut. Recently, CRIP1 has been reported as a key marker of several immune disorders; however, the effect of CRIP1 on bacterial infection remains unknown. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between Salmonella infection and CRIP1 gene deficiency, as Salmonella spp. is known to invade the Peyer's patches of the small intestine, where CRIP1 is highly expressed. We found that CRIP1-deficient conditions could not alter the characteristics of bone marrow-derived myeloid cells in terms of phagocytosis on macrophages and the activation of costimulatory molecules on dendritic cells using ex vivo differentiation. Moreover, flow cytometry data showed comparable levels of MHCII⁺CD11b⁺CD11c⁺ dendritic cells and MHCII⁺F4/80⁺CD11b⁺ macrophages between WT and CRIP1 knockout (KO) mice. Interestingly, the basal population of monocytes in the spleen and neutrophils in MLNs is more abundant in a steady state of CRIP1 KO mice than WT mice. Here, we demonstrated that the CRIP1 genetic factor plays dispensable roles in host susceptibility to Salmonella Typhimurium infections and the activation of myeloid cells. In addition, differential immune cell populations without antigen exposure in CRIP1 KO mice suggest that the regulation of CRIP1 expression may be a novel immunotherapeutic approach to various infectious diseases.