• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.685-693
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• 2015

In this study, we found that it is necessary to use the relatively new resource from seaweed extracts to extract and process pulp and create a local brand that can contribute to the local fishermen, development of new bio material, establishment of natural infrastructure, and acquisition of foreign investment. This study's seaweed pulp separation process is very overwhelming as seaweed is a compound of glycoside and polysaccharide. Nevertheless, we intend to develop a purification process and introduce applied technology to explore a new applied technology of pulp process. Once this technology is fully developed and mass produced, it would contribute to greater exports and increasing income level for the local fishermen. The ultimate goal of this study is to gather technical data from the first and second years of application, apply seaweed pulp to increase bio effect, and develop new functional bio-plastic packaging material, raw material, and samples with special characteristics of high molecules.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.183-196
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to process a seaweed resources that is easy to find in Korea and has outstanding phlogistone and high yield seaweed vinegar solution through mass-production and facility development for utilization. The compound uses wasted seaweeds, such as brown seaweed, kelp, seaweed fusiform, and laver, and carbonizes them in high temperature by drying in poly step trap to extract them. In also involves the development of a process that separates and refines the extracts to create a high value-added anti-bacterial bio solution that can replace chemicals in agriculture and industries and even chemical food additives. so, studied separation and refining of seaweed extracts to analyze the compounds. and processed and compared to seaweed vinegar extracts to prove superiority.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.639-646
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• 2021

In this study, we located concrete substratum covered by oyster shells in the coastal area of Gijang-gun, Busan, South Korea, and monitored changes in coverage of macroalgae for approximately a year from January 2020 to determine the potential for sea forest restoration and resourceization of the oyster shells. At the start of monitoring, we observed that macroalgae coverage of the oyster-shell-covered concrete substratum (treatment) was 10 - 80 %, whereas no macroalgae were attached to the normal concrete substratum (control). By November, macroalgae coverage of the treatment had increased by 49 % compared to that of the control. We concluded that covering oyster shell on a sea forest reef can promote macroalgae establishment and the possibility of sea forest restoration by the resourceization of oyster shells.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.937-942
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• 2004

Physicochemical properties and mineral composition of seaweed salts prepared by incineration and osmotic dehydration methods were determined. As the incineration temperature increased, yield of seaweed salts, insoluble solids, pH, alkalinity, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) decreased. Alkalinity of salt prepared with sea tangle was higher than that of sea mustard. ORP decreased by incineration above $700^{\circ}C$, and was lower in salt with sea tangle. As incineration temperature increased, amounts of K and Ca in seaweed salt increased, whereas that of Mg decreased. Potassium and Ca contents of seaweed salt increased remarkably compared with those of common salt. Potassium content of sea tangle salt was higher than that of sea mustard. As incineration time increased, yield of seaweed salts, insoluble solid content, and pH decreased, whereas ORP of the salt increased. Potassium content of seaweed salt with incineration time, while Ca and Na contents decreased after incineration of 8 and 4 hr, respectively. Yield of seaweed salt by osmotic dehydration increased as immersion time in sea water increased. pH of salt from sea mustard was higher than that of sea tangle. ORP of seaweed salt dried three times was -128.8 mV, significantly lower than that of salt prepared by incineration method. As sea water immersion time increased, Mg content of seaweed salt increased significantly, while Ca content decreased. Potassium content of seaweed salt was higher in sea tangle salt. In case of salt prepared by incineration of residuals, pH increased with immersion time but ORP decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.1078-1082
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• 2010

The substantial trace mineral usabilities of seven seaweeds for nutrient evaluation have been studied. As the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) bound trace minerals have been known to be indigestible, these contents were excluded in the digestible trace mineral contents evaluation. Therefore, those four trace mineral contents in seven seaweeds and their NDF-bound contents were estimated. Consequently, the NDF-bound Zn, Cu and Mn contents, except Fe, in seven seaweeds were between 10 and 20% of total trace mineral contents, thus 80~90% of seaweeds trace minerals were observed to be substantially digestible. Although the average estimated availability of Fe in the seaweeds were relatively low, those Zn, Cu and Mn were high in relative to those total contents. Thus, even with consideration of their digestibility, seaweeds could be one of good sources of trace minerals for human nutrition because of their high availabilities of Zn, Cu and Mn.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2016

In this study, nine heavy metals were analyzed in seaweeds collected from market and laver culture farm of Korea and a food safety assessment were also carried out for these heavy metals. The level of heavy metal concentrations in seaweeds was in the following order: Fe>As>Zn>Cu>Cd>Pb>Cr>Ni>Hg. Except for zinc and cadmium, seven heavy metals were significantly higher in cultured laver than in processed laver. Significant correlation was observed Cr-Fe in cultured laver and Cu-Zn, Cd-Cu, Cd-Zn and Pb-Ni in processed laver and Cu-Cr, Cu-Zn, Cd-Cr and Ni-Fe in sea tangle and Zn-Fe, Cr-Fe, Cr-Zn, Cd-Ni, Cu-Cd and Cu-Pb in processed sea mustard. Considering differences in heavy metal concentration between processed laver and cultured laver and in correlation among heavy metals, removal efficiency of heavy metals may be attributed to seaweed treatment process. The average weekly intakes of Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe and Hg via seaweeds consumption were about 0.1~7.6% of PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intakes). Therefore, it was found that heavy metals in the seaweeds were very safe for consumption.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.191-201
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• 2014

Marine algal flora and community structure were investigated seasonally at three sites in subtidal zone of Wangdol-cho on the east coast of Korea from May 2012 to August 2013. A total of 122 species were collected and identified, including 12 green algae, 29 brown algae, and 81 red algae. Of these, 38 species were found throughout the survey period. Average seaweed biomass was 472.19-1,198.77 g wet wt. $m^{-2}$ in spring, 68.99-631.14 g wet wt. $m^{-2}$ in summer, 200.91-401.20 g wet wt. $m^{-2}$ in autumn, and 53.61-922.32 g wet wt. $m^{-2}$ in winter. The vertical distribution based on biomass were Grateloupia lanceolata, Acrosorium venulosum, Lomentaria catenata - Undaria pinnatifida, Dictyopteris pacifica, Sargassum horneri, Ecklonia cava - Desmarestia viridis, E. cava, S. horneri from upper to lower subtidal zone. The flora was classified into six functional groups: filamentous form (34.43%), coarsely branched form (25.41%), sheet form (24.59%), thick leather form (9.71%), crustose form (5.74%) and jointed calcareous form (0.82%). The C/P, R/P and (R+C)/P values reflecting the flora characteristics were 0.41, 2.79 and 3.21, respectively. Also, diversity index (H') and dominance index (DI) indicate that the algal community and environmental condition of Wangdol-cho is stable. We recommend that Wangdol-cho subtidal zone should be more protected from human activities such as turbulence and eutrophication in order to maintain species diversity and abundance of algae.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.257-266
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is screening of microfloras involved in hydrolysis of seaweed tenella, seaweed fusiforme and green laver. This is a part of studies on the hydrolysis of seaweed using microorganisms. First, about two hundred microflora samples were obtained from mountain, rice field, dry field, sea, seaside and fish market in the vicinity of Yeosu. Thirty-three microflora samples were screened from the destruction of tissue in sea tangle and sea mustard. It was sufficient that results of the naked eye observation were obtained at eight microflora samples as a feces of bull, a decayed pine tree, a soil of dry field, the mud of the banks in a rice field, the water of a ditch in a rice field, the weed of the banks in a rice field, the water in a rice field and leaved in the air. Above all, extraction rate and contents of reducing sugar in extracts of seaweeds added a decayed pine tree(sample No. 8) and the water of a ditch in a rice field(sample No. 27) were showed high value. And the value of chemical analysis of the sample is much better in comparison with control. Accordingly the hydrolysis of seaweed using microorganisms in the inside of these microflora samples can be possible.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.170-177
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• 2006

As a rapid and quick bioactive compound evaluation technique, in this study we utilized a automatic system of High Throughput Screening (HTS) to investigate DPPH radical scavenging efficacy of seaweeds, collected from Jeju Island in Korea. In this study, 6 species of green seaweeds, 18 species of brown seaweeds and 22 species of red seaweeds extracted with methanol at $20^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$ were subjected to HTS. Of the green seaweeds tested, Enteromorpha compressa (20G6) of the green seaweeds showed DPPH radical scavenging activity of over 60%. On the other hand, the other green seaweeds showed poor DPPH radical scavenging activities (lees than 40%) at 1 mg/ml. Sargassum siliquastrum (20B17, 70B17), Dictyota dichotoma (70B1), Sargassum coreanum (70B16) and Ecklonia cava (70B26) among the brown seaweeds showed significantly high DPPH radical scavenging activity with 96%, 97%, 92%, 92%, 87%. Polysiphonia japonica (20R24), Schizymenia dubyi (20R17), Gelidium amansii (20R18) and Acrosorium flabellatum (20R23) among the red seaweeds showed remarkable DPPH radical scavenging activity of over 90%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1097-1101
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• 2006

In this study, seven species of seaweeds (Sargassum horneri, Grateloupia filicina, Kjellmaniella crassifolia, Porphyra tenera, Ecklonia stolonifera, Scytosiphon lomentaria, Agarum cribrosum) from Gangwon coast were collected for antioxidative assays. The methanol soluble and insoluble (water soluble) fraction which were prepared from 75% methanol extraction were assayed by DPPH method and deoxyribose assay. The antioxidative activity of methanol soluble fraction of Agarum, Scytosiphon and Sargassum reached to 26.60%, 24.28% and 23.40%, respectively. The antioxidative activities of methanol insoluble fractions of the Kjellmaniella and Porphyra were assayed to 29.70% and 21.01% which were higher than methanol soluble fractions with the values of 9.26% and 8.66%, respectively. The results from DPPH assay and deoxyribose assay showed the methanol soluble fractions of Agarum and Sargassum have strong antioxidative activity. However the methanol insoluble (water soluble) fractions of seaweeds did not show any meaningful antioxidant activity excepted Kjellmaniella and Porphyra.