• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.193-219
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• 2017

The year 2016 in Cambodia witnessed the regression of Cambodian democracy. Political oppression and manipulation executed by the ruling Cambodian People's Party destroyed democracy and civil society. The patronage politics operating on the age-old patron-client relations was invigorated as the financial demands for populist policies amounted. The economy continued its growth in 2016. Yet serious problems embedded in its very structure began to surface as the situation in and outside became less promising. Concerning international relations, the year 2016 marked conspicuous pro-China policies, which may cause unexpected friction with neighboring countries in the future.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.45-50
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• 2023

본 논문은 스타트업과 벤처기업의 임직원이 상장후 적법한 절차에 따라 스톡옵션 행사를 하였지만, 주식시장의 주가에 악영향을 미치며 일반투자자 피해가 발생하여 도덕적 해이 논란이 촉발되었고 이 문제에 대해 정부 규제당국이 직접적인 추가규제를 예정하고 있는 상황에서 주식매수선택권제도(Stock Option, 이하 스톡옵션)의 보완 수단인 양도제한조건부주식(Restricted Stock Unit, 이하 RSU)제도를 도입함으로써 시장중심적으로 이 문제를 풀어내는 선진 스타트업 벤처금융 방안을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해, 본 논문은 첫째, RSU의 개념에 대해 제한조건부주식(Restricted Stock, 이하 RS)와 비교논의를 통해 제시하며. RSU의 스톡옵션에 대한 보완적 특징 설명에서는 기존 스톡옵션제도와 RSU를 비교 설명하였다. 둘째, RSU의 단점과 한계점을 설명하고 그 한계점을 극복하며 국내 스타트업과 벤처기업들이 이를 효과적으로 도입 할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 셋째, RSU의 도입 현황을 제시하며 향후 RSU 도입 위한 정책방안들을 제안하였다. 본 논문은 이를 통해 RSU가 기본 스톡옵션제도의 규제강화를 통한 시장 위축적인 해결보다는, 새로운 대안을 주식연계형 보상방안 대안을 제시함으로써 보다 시장친화적인 제도를 마련함으로써 국내 스타트업과 벤처기업의 인력수급 해소와 사업활성화에 큰 의미를 벤처생태계 스스로가 풀어내는데에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1345-1365
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• 2018

Following principal-agent relationship between government and funding agency effects on efficiency and management of project, this paper suppose that project management cost rate variable on outsourcing and administration of institution, applies multiple regression analysis and logit analysis by using factors that procurement status of institutional operating expenses and each subordinates scale (Budget, subject number) and method (Top-down/Bottom-up), not a total amount, for examining factors following project efficiency analysis and way of commission. The major variables which effect on efficiency of institution are management cost scale (0.36), institutional operating expenses ratio (-0.47), way of outsourcing, the factors that affect way of outsourcing are portion of project management cost (-38.5) and institutional operating expenses rate (-11.7). This means both legal and financial stability are necessary and it is avoidable moral hazard and adverse selection on principal-agent problem.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.17-19
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• 1987

지난해 우리나라 경제는 안정속에 고도성장과 국제수지 흑자를 기록한 값진 보람을 느낀 한 해였다. 그러나 이같은 흑자기조는 개개기업의 성장잠재력에서 찾아볼 수도 있겠으나 대부분이 3저요인을 배경으로한 수출환경의 변화에 힘입은 바 크다. 그럼으로 언제 무산될지 모르는 장래를 낙관만 할 수는 없다. 지금의 현상을 어떻게 보는가에 대하여는 각계각층이 보는 시각에 따라 견해가 달라지겠으나 분명한 것은 국제유가나 국제이자가 오름세를 보이기 시작했다는 사실과 우리에게 국제경상수지흑자시대를 열어준 3저호재는 확실히 변해가고 있다는 것이다. 이렇게 볼 때 우리나라 경제는 해외요인변화에 매우 예민함으로 지금, 흑자기조가 정착되었다고 속단하기에는 너무 이른것 같다. 적어도 흑자기조가 정착되려면 모든 산업간, 계층간, 지역간의 불균형이 시정되고 기존의 산업기반을 내실화하는 단계에 있을 때 비로서 흑자경제의 향배가 가름하게 되는 것이다. 최근에 일어나고 있는 원화의 지속적인 평가절하, 엔화강세에 따른 원자재가격폭등은 우리에게 적지않은 위협을 주고있다. 이같은 상황에서 정부는 올해 국제수지흑자의 적정선유지를 위해 대미구매사절단의 파견, 수입선의 다변화, 수출지원정책의 감소등 다각적인 정책을 선택하고 있는 것으로써 일응 올바른 판단으로 수긍하나 다만 업종에 따른 특성에 배려가 있었으면 한다. 특히 우리나라의 기계공업은 20년의 짧은 근대화건설 과정에서 그나마 지금의 수준과 규모의 기반을 닦아왔다. 그러나 아직도 기술면에서 많은 취약점을 지니고 있어 대부분의 기초소재와 핵심부품이 해외에서 수입되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 기계공업이 명실공히 선도산업으로써 의 위치를 굳히기 위해서는 적어도 기계류의 수입국에서 수출국으로의 탈바꿈을 할 때 비로소 성취될 것이며, 이 때가 관련산업간의 불균형이 시정된 흑자시대라고 보는 것이 옳을 것 같다. 작금의 주변환경은 서두에서 언급한 3저호재에 심상치 않는 조짐이 보이고 있다. 이같은 주변환경에 관점을 두고 지금 우리가 당면하고 있는 과제 중의 하나인 원화절상을 지적하지 않을 수 없다. 이같은 원화절상내용을 중심으로 부가적으로 수반된 몇가지의 현안문제와 함께 점검해 보기로한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.21 no.4 s.54
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• pp.67-88
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• 2004

Information skill, which means information technology skill and information handling skill, is related to the aims and processes of higher education as a knowledge creation activity. In this study, a curriculum design is proposed for the development of the information literate student. The framework of this curriculum derives form the US Information literacy standards for higher education 2000, the UK Information skills in higher education 2004, and Australian and New Zealand Information literacy framework 2004. The teaching plan and content is based on the information literacy programs of NMSU, CSU Hayward, and IUE. It is proposed that the development of the idea of information literacy requires a collaborative and integrated approach to curriculum design and delivery based on investigation of user's satisfaction with the curriculum.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.80
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• pp.224-253
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• 2016

In this study, we analyzed the television news frames related to private school irregularities. Television broadcasting stations have not dealt with underlying problems of private school irregularities, but their reporting have been focused more on stating the situations. While Public announcing frame, Interference and solutions frame, Moral hazard frame and Protests and strikes frame have been applied in reporting, Autonomy highlighted frame and Publicity highlighted frame which are fundamental to the existence of private schools hardly appeared. In particular, the adhesion between private schools and political power has been continuously pointed out to be a cause of raising problems, whereas articles with such perspectives were hard to find. As a result, television broadcasting stations are required to change the way in reporting of private school irregularities in order for a lively discussion about them as the social agenda.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.56-61
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• 2012

The most common deterioration cause of concrete structures over the world is chloride ions attacks. Thus, service life modeling of concrete is a crucial issue in civil engineering society. Many studies on the durability of concrete have been accomplished, however, it is not easy to review literatures about environmental analysis. Since the durability of concrete depends on the properties of the surface concrete. micro-climatic condition which influences on surface concrete realistically should be considered. This study is devoted to analysis the micro-climatic condition of concrete structures, based on the in-situ monitoring of weather in marine environment. The effect of degree of saturation on chloride diffusivity of concrete is also examined. It is expected that the result of this work should be available for the prediction of chloride profile of marine concrete.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.191-198
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• 2024

Korea is an import and export-oriented economy that relies on shipping transportation, and sea ports play an important role in national economic growth. To secure and maintain the competitiveness of these ports, hardware and software investments are required, but policy support can also be expected to have an effect. This study identified the irrationality of the system by exploratory analysis of the port facility fee discount system for Ulsan Port, an energy hub port, and suggested improvement measures to resolve it.This study analyzed the volume of Ulsan Port and the reduction of port facility usage fees for about 10 years and identified irrational factors that despite a special port for liquid cargo, a considerable reduction for container cargo is concentrated, and even because it was a passing ship, 100% reduction for entrance and clearance fees were provided to them, which could cause serious moral hazard.. As a way to improve the port facility charge discount system at Ulsan Port, this study proposed strengthening support for eco-friendly activities to support containers, adjusting the reduction rate for passing ships, or improving the reduction and exemption application process.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.205-237
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• 2005

This paper analyzes a mechanism through which product market competition affects allocation of the managerial efforts. There are two types of firms, incumbents and entrants. Each incumbent firm delegates its control to a manager and cannot observe the manager's total effort. The managers of incumbent firms allocate their effort to two different activities: cost reduction (productive effort) and rent protection (unproductive effort). An increase in competition, measured by the number of incumbent firms, has two effects: an "output effect" which decreases the managerial incentive for productive effort, and an "effort substitution effect" that makes managers exert more productive effort and less unproductive effort. This paper identifies the conditions under which product market competition lowers the cost of providing incentives for productive effort and hence, to the conclusion that increased competition leads to increased efficiency.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.743-756
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• 2009

This paper tries to analyze how the governance institutions of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey overcome agent problems in public agencies based on the Principal-Agent Theory, and find the implications that will be helpful to the governance of port authorities in Korea. The Port Authority's governance is characterized by decentralization of personnel rights, open meetings policy, freedom of information policy, public hearings, and fiscally self-supporting system. Those characteristics are helpful in overcoming the agent problems of public agency, such as adverse selection, moral hazard, and complicated external structure, through reinforcing of monitoring agent by principal, easing of information asymmetry between principal and agent, and clarification of organizational ownership structure. Those characteristics may give many implications for the design of governance structures of port authorities in Korea.