• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.17-22
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• 2004

Recently, deep ocean water (DOW), which is plentiful in the East sea, has been recognized a global resources for 21st century. To clarify the characteristics of DOW of the East Sea, the quality of DOW has been investigated and analyzed for 5 years in situ and laboratory in the viewpoints of stability of low-temperature, mineral balance, rich nutrition and cleanness. And it characteristics were compared with foreign DOW used for commercial applications. This study do finally suggest the various utilization methods of DOW based on each characteristics and suitable examples for fisheries and industrial purpose.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.323-328
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• 2003

A basic design on a flexible riser in a floating type development system for upwelling deep ocean water is presented. In the numerical study, an implicit finite difference algorithm is employed for three-dimensional riser equations. Fluid and geometric non-linearity and bending stiffness are considered and solved by Newton-Raphson iteration. To keep the depth of end point of a flexible and light riser is very important for upwelling deep ocean water in a floating type development system. Weight attached at the end point of the riser in order to keep its intake depth is designed under the strong surface current and the configuration of the riser is predicted. The results of this study can be contributed to the design of the development system in floating type for upwelling deep ocean water.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.329-332
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• 2003

Aquaculture have been important role to supply food resources for mankind. However, competitive power of domestic mariculture industry was declined due to increase of labor and feed expenditures, and quantity import of low-priced livefishes from the developing underdeveloped nations in North and South East Asia. Mass production and quality enhancement can be pointed out to overcome such an industrial environment in this decade. To meet these requirement, movable mariculture base remodeling feasible vessel of chemical tanker or crude oil carrier has been proposed for more advanced mariculture management system by using deep seawater from about 200m which is sustainablely clean, nutrient-rich and cold seawater. Deep seawater can be applied for control of seawater temperature for mariculture base and cultivation phytoplankton and seaweed as feed. Besides mariculture, strategic marketing can be implemented by raw water and ice of deep seawater. Feasibility of applying deep seawater was considered after evaluating general movable mariculture base and management system.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.333-335
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• 2003

Deep Ocean Water is formed within restricted area including polar sea (high latitude) by cooling of surface seawater and globally circulated in the state of insolation with surface seawater. Although not as obvious as estuaries mixing, Brine groundwater is mixture of recirculated seawater and groundwater. Seawater having high osmotic pressure infiltrate into unconfined aquifer where is connected to the sea. The ions dissolved in seawater are present in constant proportions to each other and to the total salt content of seawater. However deviation in ion proportions have been observed in some brine groundwater. Some causes of these exception to the Rule of constant proportions are due to many chemical reactions between periphery soil and groundwater. While Deep Ocean Water (DOW) have a large quantity of functional trace metals and biological affinity relative to brine groundwater, DOW have relatively small amount of harmful bacteria and artificial pollutants.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.24-29
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• 2003

Deep sea water has cold temperature, abundant nutrients and minerals, and good water quality that is pathogen-free and stable. Compared with surface water, deep sea water contains more nutrition salt, such as nitrogen and phosphor. Moreover, if has the good balance of minerals. Because of the ability of the spray drying process to produce a free-flowing power considering of spherical particles with a well-defined size distribution and the rapid drying times for heat-sensitive material, spray drying is attractive for a wide range of applications spray drying is a unique unit operation in which powders are produced from a liquid feed in a single processing step. Key component of the process are atomizer, spray chamber. Design of spray chamber should be based on the atomizer type, the production rate, and the particle size required. Because of the complex processes taking place during spray drying, traditional design method are based on pilot-plant tests and empirical scale-up rules. Modern technique such as CFD have a role to play in design and troubleshooting.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.29-34
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• 2004

Numerical and experimental studies on pipeline laying for intake Deep Ocean Water are carried out. In the numerical study, an implicit finite difference algorithm is employed for three-dimensional pipe equations. Fluid non-linearity and bending stiffness are considered and solved by Newton-Raphson iteration. Seabed is modeled as elastic foundation with linear spring and damper. Top tension and general configuration of pipeline at a depth are predicted. It is found that control for tension to prevent being large curvature of pipeline is needed on th steep seabed and, it should be considered 23.5 ton of tension at a top of pipe on the process of pipeline laying at 400m of water depth The largest top tension of pipe on condition of the beam sea during pipe laying is shown from the experiment. The results of this study can be contributed to the design of pipeline laying for upwelling deep ocean water.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.7-12
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• 2004

Desalination system of revers osmosis(RO) membrane has been proven to be the most economical not only for the desalination of water containing salts, but also for the concentration of solute. RO membranes were traditionally made of inorganic polymers such. as cellulose acetate(CA), Polyamide(PA). To retain more minerals in deep ocean water, a new hybrid membrane composed of tourmaline film as organic material onto inorganic layer of CA polymer in asymmetric structure was developed for RO membrane process. The performance tests were carried out in the permeability of pure water and the rejection of NaCl solution to evaluate the adaptability for DOW desalination. The results of these basic tests show possibility to apply the new hybrid RO membrane for the desalination with function control.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2004

Static and dynamic analyses of a very flexible and light riser, for upwelling the deep ocean water, is performed. In this numerical study, an implicit finite difference algorithm is employed for three-dimensional riser equations. Fluid non-linearity and bending stiffness are considered and solved, using the Newton-Raphson iteration. Maintaining the depth of end point of a flexible and light riser is very important for upwelling deep ocean water in a floating type development system. Weight is attached at the end point of the riser in order to maintain its intake depth. It is designed under the strong surface current and the configuration of the rise is predicted. In the dynamic analysis, the tension variation at the top point of the riser is presented. T e results of this study can contribute to the design of the development system in floating type for upwelling deep ocean water.

• 에너지공학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.567-575
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• 1999

한국동해 연근해역의 표층수온은 일반적으로 온대해역에서의 표층수온과 같이 계절변화를 하지만, 심층에서는 연중 1 $^{\circ}C$이하의 온도를 유지하는데 동해고유수로 인하여 표층의 온수와 심층의 냉수간의 온도차를 이용한 해양온도차 발전의 충분한 잠재성이 있다. 해양온도차 발전의 제 1 조건인 표층수와 심층수간의 온도차에 관련된 한국 동해의 해양 환경적 특성을 정량화 하고자 온도차에 대한 연평균, 연진폭, 연위상을 구하고 연중 15$^{\circ}C$이상의 온도차가 유지된는 기간을 일일 단위로 표현하였다. 한국동해 연근 해역 중 온도차 발전의 최적합 해역은 포항 동쪽 35km 해역 (36$^{\circ}$05'N, 129$^{\circ}$48'E)에서 55km 해역 (36$^{\circ}$05'N, 130$^{\circ}$00'E)까지로 조사 연구되었다. 이들 최적합 해역에서는 온도차는 8월의 경우 누년 평균 약 24$^{\circ}C$로 나타났으며, 년 중 15$^{\circ}C$이상의 온도차가 유지되는 기간은 최대 215일 (5/5-12/10)로 나타났다. 아울러 이 해역에서 온도차의 연진폭은 6$^{\circ}C$이며 , 연위상은 236$^{\circ}$로 계획성있는 전력생산을 할수 있을것으로 사료된다. 한국 동해 연근해역에서 표층으로부터 수직으로 최단거리에 존재하는 동해고유수(수온 1$^{\circ}C$이하의 해수)의 수심에 대한 계절변화는 평균 300m를 중심으로 하여 50m 미만의 작은 변동폭을 나타내었다. 향후 이러한 안정된 위치를 나타내는 심층 냉수를 에너지로 전환하기 위한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.4658-4664
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• 2013

본 논문은 심층수 이용 열교환기 개발을 위해 열교환기의 구성 재질로서 티타늄, 알루미늄, 스테인리스, 철, 구리와 알루미늄의 전착코팅 관 등을 이용한 이중관 열교환 실험 장치를 구성하여 열교환 성능을 실험하였다. 기존 심층수 이용 열교환기는 대부분 티타늄 금속으로 이루어져 있다. 티타늄의 재질은 해양 심층수에 적합하나 고가의 금속이다. 티타늄 금속을 대체할 금속으로 알루미늄, 스테인리스, 철, 구리와 알루미늄 전착코팅 관 등을 고려하여 시험하였다. 또한 EES 프로그램을 사용하여 각 관들의 열전달률을 해석하고 이중관 열교환 실험결과와 비교 분석하였다. 열교환시의 성능에 대한 해석값과 실험값을 비교해 보았을 때 10% 내외의 오차범위 내에서 잘 일치하였다. 또한 티타늄 대비 구리관이 가장 좋은 결과치를 보였고 알루미늄 전착코팅 관은 다소 낮은 열전달 수치를 보여 주었으나, 전착처리된 코팅관의 내부식성이 우수한 것을 고려한다면 티타늄 대체가능성이 충분하다고 사료된다.