• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2005

An integrated real-time monitoring software for coastal environment has been developed by using GUI. The system consists of modeling module, real-time monitoring module, and post-processing module of the modeling and monitoring results. The system was applied to a port construction site. The main purpose for the system is to setup the information system that user can obtain the environmental information easily and quickly. The system can be used to monitor environmental changes due to construction activities in coastal waters and to assess environmental impacts accurately in real-time. In conclusion, the system will be a good tool for finding out countermeasures to lessen water pollution and clean seawater.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.256-256
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• 2012

2011년 태국 차오프라야 강 유역($160,813km^2$)에서 발생한 홍수에 의해 많은 피해가 발생했다. 태국 홍수는 2011년 7월 말부터 3개월간 내린 집중호우로 중부지방에 50년 만에 최악의 자연재해를 맞이하였다. 태국 북쪽 지역에서 난 강과 핑 강의 범람을 시작으로 태국 중앙 지역을 흐르는 차오프라야 강의 수위는 상류의 홍수가 하류로 내려옴에 따라 범람하여 수도 방콕까지 침수되었다. 본 연구에서는 홍수범람시 시공간적 침수상황이 파악 가능한 Terra MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 영상을 이용하여 태국 차오프라야 강 유역의 홍수에 의한 침수지역을 추정하고자 하였다. 2011년 7월 29일에서 2012년 1월 9일까지의 500 m 해상도인 MODIS product MOD09 (Surface Reflectance) 8일 합성 영상을 수집하고 식생지수 (EVI; Enhanced Vegetation Index), 지표수분지수 (LSWI; Land Surface Water Index))와 DVEL지수 (Difference Value between EVI and LSWI)를 이용하여 홍수범람 지역과 수역관련지역을 정보화 기법을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 홍수 범람지역의 자료를 정보화하고 그 결과를 정량적으로 제시하는 방법으로 활용될 수 있으며, MODIS 자료의 이용은 시공간적 하천 홍수범람지역 탐지의 가능성을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.24-24
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• 2017

홍수와 가뭄 등 수문기상재해 분석 및 사전 예측하기 위해서는 강수뿐만 아니라 토양수분, 증발산, 유량, 등과 같이 지표?하의 수문기상정보를 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)에서 개발된 고해상도 수문기상정보 모의가 가능한 WRF-Hydro를 활용하여 남강댐 유역에서 발생되는 돌발홍수 예측 적용성 평가를 수행하였다. 모델의 시공간 해상도는 1 hr, 150 m 이며, 기상 관측자료(Automatic Weather System, Automated Synoptic Observing System)를 사용하여 매개변수 민감도 실험을 실시하여 최적 모델 설정을 제시하였다. 고려된 매개변수는 격자 침투량을 결정하는 변수, 초기 저류 깊이, 표면 저항계수, 조도계수와 초기 토양수분 정보이며, 검증에 사용된 정보는 국가수자원관리종합정보시스템에서 1시간 단위로 제공되는 유입량 정보를 사용하였다. 그 결과 유출량은 격자 침투량을 결정하는 변수와 조도계수에 따라 민감하게 반응하였으며, 초기 토양수분량의 변화에 따라 시간에 따른 유출량의 변화가 강수에 민감하게 반응하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 보정된 매개변수를 적용하여 돌발홍수 신고 지점의 유출량 변화를 살펴본 결과 강수의 발생과 동시에 매우 빠르게 유출량이 발생한 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.359-359
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• 2023

최근 기후변화로 인한 홍수 및 가뭄과 같은 자연재해가 증가함에 따라 이를 선제적으로 탐지 및 예방할 수 있는 해결책에 대한 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 수재해를 예방하기 위해서 하천, 저수지 등 가용수자원의 지속적인 모니터링은 필수적이다. SAR 위성 영상의 경우 주야간 및 기상상황에 상관없이 지속적인 수체 탐지가 가능하다. 일반적으로 SAR 기반 수체 탐지 시 송수신 방향이 동일한 편파(co-polarized) 영상을 사용한다. 하지만 co-polarized 영상의 경우 바람 및 강우에 민감하게 반응하여 수체 미탐지의 가능성이 존재한다. 한편 송수신 방향이 서로 다른 편파(cross-polarized) 영상은 강우 및 바람의 영향에 민감하지 않지만 식생에 민감하게 반응하여 수체의 오탐지율이 높다는 단점이 존재한다. 이에 SAR 영상의 편파 특성에 따라 수체 탐지의 정확도 차이가 발생하여 최적의 편파 영상 조합을 구성하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 Sentinel-1 SAR 위성의 VV, VH, VV+VH 편파 영상과 머신러닝 알고리즘 중 하나인 SVM (support vector machine)을 활용하여 수체탐지를 수행하였다. 편파 영상 조합별 수체 탐지 결과의 검증을 위하여 혼동행렬 (confusion matrix) 기반 평가지수를 사용하였다. 각각의 수체탐지 결과의 비교 및 분석을 통하여 SAR 기반 수체 탐지를 위한 최적의 밴드 조합을 도출하였다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 차후 높은 시공간 해상도를 가진 SAR 영상의 활용이 가능하다면 수재해 및 수자원 관리의 효율성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.105-123
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• 2018

Currently, satellite images act as essential and important data in water resources, environment, and ecology as well as information of geographic information system. In this paper, we will investigate basic characteristics of satellite images, especially application examples in water resources. In recent years, researches on spatial and temporal characteristics of large-scale regions utilizing the advantages of satellite imagery have been actively conducted for fundamental hydrological components such as evapotranspiration, soil moisture and natural disasters such as drought, flood, and heavy snow. Furthermore, it is possible to analyze temporal and spatial characteristics such as vegetation characteristics, plant production, net primary production, turbidity of water bodies, chlorophyll concentration, and water quality by using various image information utilizing various sensor information of satellites. Korea is planning to launch a satellite for water resources and environment in the near future, so various researches are expected to be activated on this field.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 2016

Numeric weather prediction is important to prevent meteorological disasters such as heavy rain, heat wave, and cold wave. The Korea meteorological administration provides a realtime special weather report and the rural development administration demonstrates information about 2-day warning of agricultural disasters for farms in a few regions. To improve the early warning systems for meteorological hazards, a nation-wide high-resolution dataset for weather prediction should be combined with web-based GIS. This study aims to develop a web service prototype for early warning of meteorological hazards, which integrates web GIS technologies with a weather prediction database in a temporal resolution of 1 hour and a spatial resolution of 1 km. The spatially and temporally high-resolution dataset for meteorological hazards produced by downscaling of GME was serviced via a web GIS. In addition to the information about current status of meteorological hazards, the proposed system provides the hourly dong-level forecasting of meteorologic hazards for upcoming seven days, such as heavy rain, heat wave, and cold wave. This system can be utilized as an operational information service for municipal governments in Korea by achieving the future work to improve the accuracy of numeric weather predictions and the preprocessing time for raster and vector dataset.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2013

The aim of study is to present how to estimate and use the FRI (Flood Risk Index) for classifying area zones based on regional flooding risk in terms of the integrated flood risk management. To estimate the FRI at a spatial resolution of city/county/town units for the Nakdong River Watershed, the 17 representative flood indexing factors are carefully selected for the three flood indexes, such as PI (Pressure Index), SI (State Index), and RI (Response Index) under the P-S-R (Pressure-State-Response) classification system. Because flood indexing factors are measured at different scales and units, they are transformed into a common domain by the T-Score normalization technique. The entropy weight coefficient method is also applied to calculate the weight of flood indexing factors in order to reduce subjective judgement on the effect of weight coefficients. The three flood indexes of PI, SI, and RI are integrated for an overall value of the FRI to evaluate the flood risk of districts. To examine the practical application of the proposed FRI, the FRI results with/without the weight coefficients are compared with flooding zones of natural disaster risk areas officially announced in 2010. It is expected that the FRI ensured by full verification can make regional protection plans against flooding disasters with respect to causes and characteristics of past floods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.448-456
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop basic data for the prevention of shipboard disasters and measures to improve the safety and health of seafarers by using a survey on the safety and health activities of seafarers. The questionnaire was administered to 437 people who have worked on a ship in the last six months. According to the results from the analyses (t-test, crosstab, and ANOVA), the level of safety and health activities of seafarers averaged at 68.82 points. The workplace clearance was the highest at 76.08 points, and the safety and health management system were the lowest at 62.78 points. As a result of the differences in the level of safety and health activities, the number of marine workers was higher than workers on land, and higher education was higher than lower education (p<0.01). It was higher for workers in coastal zones than for those in pelagic areas, and special cargo ships were higher than other ship types (p<0.01). Larger ships had a higher number of activities than small ships, and ships that were less than five years old had more activities (p<0.01). Therefore, in order to raise the level of safety and health activities of seafarers, it is necessary to develop safety and health education programs that take individual, job, and ship characteristics into consideration, and promote active safety and health activities on ships.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.345-356
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• 2022

A severe flooding occured at a small urban catchment in Daejeon-si South Korea on July 30, 2020 causing significant loss of property (inundated 78 vehicles and two apartments) and life (one casualty and 56 victims). In this study, a retrospective analysis of the inundation event was implemented using a physically-based urban flood model, H12 with high-resolution data. H12 is an integrated 1-dimensional sewer network and 2-dimensional surface flow model supported by hybrid parallel techniques to efficiently deal with high-resolution data. In addition, we evaluated the impact of the flooding barriers which were installed after the flood disaster. As a result, it was found that the inundation was affected by a combination of multiple components including the shape of the basin, the low terrain of the inundation area located in the downstream part of the basin, and lack of pipe capacity to drain discharge from the upstream during heavy rain. The impact of the flooding barriers was analyzed by modeling with and without barriers on the high-resolution terrain input data. It was evaluated that the flood barriers effectively lower the water depth in the apartment complex. This study demonstrates capability of high-resolution physically-based urban modeling to quantitatively assess the past inundation event and the impact of the reduction measures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.366-374
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• 2013

Maritime transportation circumstance is changing rapidly in accordance with the increase of cargo volume between countries and increase of marine leisure activities by improvement of quality of life. And the circumstance for ship operation is also changing due to aging of seafarers and increasing of foreign seafarers. To cope with such changes in maritime environment well, it requires higher safety management skills from shipping companies, the main subject in charge of the safety matter. In this paper, we analyzed domestic and foreign similar system, and then applied imitation strategies for introduction of an unific evaluation and management system that was consist of marine accidents, port state control, ISM Code and so on from shipping companies. We defined that the imitation industry and system are converted accident ration of construction industry and traffic safety excellence company of road transportation, and then extracted relevant law, evaluation index, incentive system as a imitation subject. We also proposed scheme that introduction of basis law, and evaluation tool with marine accidents ratio, port state control & ism code result, and incentives such as immunity of safety inspection or reduction of commission for introduction of company's safety management level evaluation system. Finally, we proposed the imitation timing and plan in stages for system's sustainable development through the prompt introduction and continuous enforcement.