• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.316-323
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• 2018

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of Salvia Plebia R. Br. (SP) powder on the antioxidative defense system and oxidative stress in rats which were fed a high fat high cholesterol diet. Accordingly, the rats were divided into four experimental groups which were composed of a high fat high cholesterol diet group (HF), HF diet with 5% SP powder supplemented group (PA), a HF diet with 10% SP powder supplemented group (PB), and a normal group (N). Consequently, the hepatic catalase activity of the HF group was decreased compared to the normal group (N), but it is recorded that of the PA and PB groups were significantly increased. With this in mind, the PA and PB groups resulted in the case of significantly increased activities of hepatic GSH-px and SOD. The hepatic superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide contents of the PA and PB groups were significantly decreased, as compared to the HF group. The GOT and GPT activities of the PB group were also significantly decreased when thus compared to the HF group. Notably, the carbonyl values contents of the PA and PB groups were significantly reduced compared to the HF group. The hepatic TBARS values in the liver were significantly reduced as measured in the PA and PB groups. These results suggest that the SP powder may reduce the incidence of oxidative damage, by the activation of an antioxidative enzyme in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diets.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2009

Ozone tolerance of tree species was determined by standard index of physiological damages and biochemical defense responses under short-term ozone exposure. At the end of 150ppb $O_3$ fumigation, photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidative enzyme activities were analyzed in the leaves of five species(Koelreuteria paniculata, Firmiana simplex, Styrax japonica, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Viburnum sargentii). Injury index was determined by the effect of ozone on photosynthetic parameters and malondialdehyde(MDA) content, and tolerance index was calculated using the rate of increase in superoxide dismutase(SOD), ascorbate-peroxidase(APX), glutathione reductase(GR) and catalase(CAT) activities. Apparent quantum yield(AQY), carboxylation efficiency(Ce) and photo-respiration rate(PR) decreased in the leaves of five species with increasing ozone exposure time. These parameters were considered as an appropriate indicator for stress evaluation. Antioxidative enzyme activities showed various results depending on the tree species, exposure time, and enzyme types. SOD activity of K. paniculata increased with ozone exposure time, and that of F. rhynchophylla increased only after 6 hours of ozone exposure. CAT activity of $O_3$-exposed F. simplex was lower than the control. Based on standard index, ozone tolerance ability of five species was determined as two tolerant species(F. rhynchophylla > K. paniculata) and three sensitive species(S. japonica > F. simplex > V. sargentii).

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2024

The study was conducted to examine age-related development of digestive organs, intestinal microvilli hydrolase, and hepatic antioxidant enzyme in Korean native chicks (KNC) aged from 0-d to 28-d of post-hatching. Body weight did not significantly increase from 0-d to 3-d-old, but after that remarkably increased from 3-d to 28-d-old (P<0.05). The relative weight (g/100 g of BW) of the proventriculus, gizzard, and liver was significantly higher at 3- and 7-d-old chicks than that of the other ages. The relative weight of the intestine, mucosal tissues, and pancreas was markedly developed at the ages of 3-, 14-, and (or) 21-d-old chicks (P<0.05). In the small intestine, the specific activities of maltase and sucrose were significantly higher at 14-d-old compared with the other ages (P<0.05). Leucine aminopeptidase activity showed a constant level from 0- to 28-d-old without significance. The specific activity of alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher at 0-d-old compared with the other ages (P<0.05). In the liver, the specific activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase were shown to be lowest at 0-d-old, but they continued to increase as the age increased. The lipid peroxidation was significantly high at the age of 21-d (P<0.05), after that its level decreased at 28-d old. In conclusion, the KNC rapidly developed digestive organs and intestinal microvilli hydrolase activity from 3- to 14-d-old after hatching. Hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity continued to increase as the age increased after hatching, resulting in 28-d-old chicks showing the highest antioxidant enzyme activity in the KNC.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.247-255
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• 2021

Purpose: The goal of this study was to see how different aerobic exercise intensities affected AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), reactive oxygen, and antioxidant enzymes in young mice during an 8-week period. Methods: Forty male C57BL/6 mice, aged seven weeks, were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control (n=10), low-intensity exercise (n=10), moderate-intensity exercise (n=10), and high-intensity exercise (n=10). For eight weeks, aerobic activity was performed once a day for 35-40 minutes, five days a week. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-squared tests, and the Tukey test in the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: Weight (p=.001) was substantially different between the moderate-intensity exercise group and the control group in AMPK (p<.001). In addition, there were no significant differences between the moderate-intensity exercise group and the control group in reactive oxygen malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (p=.136) and antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels (p=.521). Conclusion: These findings suggest that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise increased AMPK activation and helped young mice shed weight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the effect of water extract of green tea (GT), persimmon leaf (PL) and safflower seed (SS) on heme synthesis and erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities in lead (Pb)-administered rats. Male rats were divided into five groups. a normal, Pb-control (Pb-Con), Pb-GT, Pb-PL and Pb-55 groups with ten rats per group. Pb (25 mg/kg. BW) was orally administerd once a day for 4 weeks. The extract of GT, PL and 55 were administered based on 1.26 g of raw traditional tea/kg BW/day. Blood hematocrit, homoglobin level and red blood cell counts were significantly lower in rb-Con group than in normal group. However, the supplementation of GT, PL and 55 were effective to improve the hematological parameters. Plasma AST and ALT activities were significantly lower in Pb-GT, Pb-PL, Pb-SS groups than in Pb-Con group. The $\delta$ -amino-levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity of blood and liver were significantly lowered in Pb-Con group com-pared to those of the normal group. The ALAD activity in Pb administered rats was recovered to tile normal level by the water extract of GT, PL and 55 supplementation. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and catalse activities were significantly higher in Pb-Con group than in normal group, whereas glutathione peroxidase activity was lowered in Pb administered rats. The extract of GT, PL and SS supplement attenuated changes of these erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities by Pb intoxication.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.559-568
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• 2003

The aim of present study is to investigated on the development of the functional doenjang possessing antioxidative and fibrinolytic activity. A strain, BH-23 showing antioxidative and fibrinolytic activity was isolated from traditionally doenjang, and then identified as Bacillus subtilis based on moophological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, and named as Bacillus subtilis BH-23. The optimal pH level and temperature conditions were 5.0 and $40^{\circ}C$, NaCl concentration was grown well at 15% Antioxidative and fibrinolytic activity of Bacillus subtilis BH-23 was accoidance with growth conditions of the original state. By comparising with traditionally commercialized doenjang, it is prepared with Bacillus subtilis BH-23. The final results evaluated with positive elements rised above the surface such as color, taste and flavor without ammonia. Therefore, it is safe to assume, doenjang has strong market value in the food industry.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.205-217
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• 2023

This study aimed to produce novel bioactive compounds from non-pathogenic pigmented wild yeasts. Culture supernatants and cell-free extracts of non-pathogenic pigmented yeast strains were prepared, and their physiological functionalities and enzyme activities were measured. Cell-free extracts from Rhodosporidium paludigenum HHGG35-1 and culture supernatants from Rhodosporidium diobovatum NMD18-1 demonstrated very high antioxidant activity (76.6%) and anti-gout xanthin oxidase inhibitory activity (86.2%), respectively. Maximal production of the antioxidants (76.9%) was obtained when Rh. Paludigenum HHGG35-1 was cultured in a yeasts extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium (pH 6.5) at 30℃ for 24 h. The xanthin oxidase inhibitor was also maximally produced (91.6%) when Rh. Diobovatum NMD18-1 was cultured at 30℃ for 96h in a YPD medium (pH 6.5). Rh. Paludigenum HHGG35-1 was oval in shape and formed ascospre. The Rh.diobovatum NMD18-1 specimen displayed dimensions of 1.6 × 1.6 ㎛ and produced ascospores; however, it did not form pseudomycelium. Both of Rh. Paludigenum HHGG35-1 and Rh. Diobovatum NMD18-1 grew well in a 40%-glucose-containing YPD medium and 10%-NaCl-containing YPD medium.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.651-657
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• 1995

The antioxidative activity of each fraction in human milk was examined using H2O2 and FeSO4-induced lipid peroxidation of mouse liver homogenate in order to elucidate the antioxidative substances of human milk. High molecular weight(~>20KD) fraction had more antioxidative effect on lipid peroxidation than low molecular weight(~ <20KD) fraction. Furthermore, the changes of antioxidative enzyme activities were estimated during lactation to study the roles of human milk. The human milk showed high activities of catalase, glutathione(GSH) peroxidase and GSH S-transferase. These results suggest that the antioxidative activities may mostly be attributed to high molecular weight fraction containing catalase, GSH peroxidase and GSH S-transferase.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2011

Korean bennudagrass collections showed diverse genetic variations in their morphology, growth habit, and cytological aspects. Chromosome number and nuclear DNA content of the bennudagrasses indicated a ploidy level ranging from triploid (2n=3x) to hexaploid (2n=6x). In this study, we investigated the different responses of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase) and cell membrane stability of those bennudagrass cytotypes to lower temperature and shorter day length, which meets a dormant induction in Korea. All the antioxidant enzymes were found to be higher during dormant stage, while the heme-containing catalase which converts hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) to water and oxygen molecules was activated before dormant initiation in the three cytotypes except for hexaploid bennudagrass. The triploid and tetraploid which exhibited relatively finer leaves and a rapid establishment speed were found to show increased activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzyme. The malondialdehyde(MDA) which is a product of lipid peroxidation in the cell membrane damaged by the hydroxyl radical was increased in all cytotypes as temperature declined, and tri- and tetraploids which had more protective antioxidant enzymes demonstrated a significantly lower MDA production. Similarly electrolyte leakage was higher in penta- and hexaploidy, seemingly more damage to cell membrane when low temperature was implemented. Results indicated that antioxidant responses of different cytotypes were genetically specific, which needs to be investigated the relevance with the low temperature tolerance in the bermudagrass further at the molecular level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.406-413
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• 2010

To enhance the yield and bioactivity of hot-water extract from herbal medicine, Astragalus membranaceus was hydrolyzed with carbohydrases, such as ClariSEB and Fungamyl. After hot-water extracts were prepared from each hydrolysate (HW-C/F), physicochemical property, antioxidant activity and sensory property were evaluated. The solid content ($^{\circ}Brix$) of HW-C/F was higher than hot-water extract from A. membranaceus no treated enzyme (control). Although pH of HW-C/F was lower than that of the control, the acidity was higher. Lightness of Hunter's color values was increased in HW-C/F whereas redness and yellowness were decreased. The contents of reducing sugar, flavonoid and polyphenol of HW-C/F were higher than the control but the content of ascorbic acid was not different from control. The inhibitory activity of HW-C/F against lipid peroxidation was slightly higher than control, but DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS reducing, metal chelating activities were significantly increased by HW-C/F. The sensory evaluation also revealed that the sensory panelists preferred HW-C/F to that of control. Therefore, hydrolysis by carbohydrases for preparation of hot-water extract from A. membranaceus is one of the good methods to improve antioxidative activity and sensory property of hot-water extract.