• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.327-332
• /
• 2008

This paper analyzed the visual range and arrangement of light buoy on navigation officers as the primary material to establish the standard of optimal arrangement of light buoy on the channel of the domestic trade-port. About $30{\sim}150$ questionnaires by port were distributed according to the scale of trade-ports and then Effective total 356 copies were used in analysis. The distance, $2{\sim}4$mile, occupied the highest percentage 55.0% as the visual range with naked eyes at the daytime in bright weather. At the arrangement way of light buoy the both sides buoy method showed high in the preference 62.1% among the respondents. The preferred interval between sequence buoys was averagely 1.09mile. Also, the preferred number of light buoy was two in the preference 40.6% among them to cognize without binoculars.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.249-250
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 전년도 지형참조항법(TRN; Terrain Referenced Navigation)에 근거하는 3-D 헬리콥터 항법 시스템을 위한 알고리즘 개발의 후속 연구로서 실용적 완성을 위해 수행되었다. 본 연구에서 헬리콥터의 위성항법장치(GPS)로부터의 정보(X,Y,Z 좌표)는 자동차가 도로주행중 매 1초 간격으로 수신되는 GPGGA Code로 대체되었다. 비행체는 3차원 직교 좌표 체계(Cartesian coordinate system)로 표현되는 수치지형모델(DTM; Digital Terrain Model)상에서 시점(Origination)-종점(Destination) 분석 기법에 의해 항로를 결정한다. 본 시스템은 우선 조종사에게 지형의 사전 인식을 위해 시점-종점 주변 3차원 지형도와 항로의 종단면도를 보여준다. 본 시스템은 직접적인 지상 충돌을 피하기 위해 지형 여유 층면(Terrain Clearance Floor)의 개념을 도입, 기복 지형 표면에 일정 높이의 완충 공간을 설정한다. 본 시스템은 매초 GPS로부터 실시간 수신되는 X,Y,Z 위치와 DTM상의 x,y,z를 비교하여 만약 비행체가 완충 공간에 접근하게 되면 즉시 경고음과 메시지를 발한다. 수치지형모델은 (주)첨성대가 확보하고 있는 3초 간격의 DTM을 채택, 작성하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.223-227
• /
• 2005

In adjacent sea areas of Yeosu, there are many crossing traffics between eastbound and westbound vessels. Traffic congestion is increasing in sea area of east Sori island and near Yokji Island. In this research, we established TSS near Yeokmando Areas and new recommended route which connected to Seopdo west recommended route to reduce meeting traffic between eastbound vessels and westbound vessels.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.321-330
• /
• 2022

Busan New Port manages the largest volume of traffic among Korean ports, and accounts for 68.5% of the total volume of the Busan port. Due to this increase in volume, ultra large container ships call at Busan New Port. When the additional south container terminal as well as ongoing construction project of the west container terminal are completed, various encounters may occur at the Busan New Port entrance, which may cause collision risk.s Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide a plan to improve the safety of vessel traffic, in the in/out bound fairway of Busan New Port. For this purpose, the status of arrivals and departures of vessels in Busan New Port, was examined through maritime traffic flow analysis. Additionally, risk factors and safety measures were identified, by AHP analysis with ship operators of the study area. Also, based on the derived safety measures, scenarios were set using the Environmental Stress model (ES model), and the traffic risk level of each safety measure was identified through simulation. As a result, it is expected that setting the no entry area for one-way traffic would have a significant effect on mitigating risks at the Busan New Port entrance. This study can serve as a basis for preparing safety measures, to improve the navigation of vessels using Busan New Port. If safety measures are prepared in the future, it is necessary to verify the safety by using the traffic volume and flow changes according to the newly-opened berths.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2021

In line with future changes in the marine environment, Aids to Navigation has been used in various fields and their use is increasing. The term "Aids to Navigation" means an aid to navigation prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries which shows navigating ships the position and direction of the ships, position of obstacles, etc. through lights, shapes, colors, sound, radio waves, etc. Also now the use of Aids to Navigation is transforming into a means of identifying and recording the marine weather environment by mounting various sensors and cameras. However, Aids to Navigation are mainly lost due to collisions with ships, and in particular, safety accidents occur because of poor observation visibility due to sea fog. The inflow of sea fog poses risks to ports and sea transportation, and it is not easy to predict sea fog because of the large difference in the possibility of occurrence depending on time and region. In addition, it is difficult to manage individually due to the features of Aids to Navigation distributed throughout the sea. To solve this problem, this paper aims to identify the marine weather environment by estimating sea fog level approximately with images taken by cameras mounted on Aids to Navigation and to resolve safety accidents caused by weather. Instead of optical and temperature sensors that are difficult to install and expensive to measure sea fog level, sea fog level is measured through the use of general images of cameras mounted on Aids to Navigation. Furthermore, as a prior study for real-time sea fog level estimation in various seas, the sea fog level criteria are presented using the Haze Model and Dark Channel Prior. A specific threshold value is set in the image through Dark Channel Prior(DCP), and based on this, the number of pixels without sea fog is found in the entire image to estimate the sea fog level. Experimental results demonstrate the possibility of estimating the sea fog level using synthetic haze image dataset and real haze image dataset.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.158-165
• /
• 2020

Buoys are a necessary component for the safety of vessel traffic. However, if the buoy becomes inoperable from damage and loss, it can have significant impact on vessel traffic safety as well as unexpected budget spending. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of accidental contact by applying the marine traffic assessment index that can reflect the traffic flow in the sea area. First, Busan Port No. 5 fairway, with a high number of buoys and many contact accidents, was set as the sea area for assessment. to investigate the status of accidental contact and evaluate risk of contact accidents based on the IALA Waterway Risk Assessment Programme (IWRAP MkII) and Potential Assessment of Risk Model (PARK Model). As a result, buoys are near the P recautionary Area wherein the traffic flow was complicated by the Masan port vessel and Busan new port vessel, and buoys are near the entrance of the Gadeok waterway, wherein vessels show a pattern of navigation across the fairway and buoys are near the breakwater in the inner fairway were considered as high risk for contact accidents. This study can be used as basic data for establishing an integrated model to evaluate the risk of buoy contact accidents.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.409-417
• /
• 2013

Mu-communication board supported by multi-communication is designed with Atxmega 128A1 which is a low power energy consuming of 8-bit microcontroller. ATxmega128A1 microcontroller consists of 8 UART(Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) ports which can be setting appropriate user interface having command line interpreter(CLI) program with each port, 2 kbytes EEPROM, 128 kbytes flash memory, 8 kbytes SRAM. 8 URAT ports are used for the multi communication modem, GPS module, etc. and EEPROM is used for saving a configuration for program running, and flash memory of 128 kbytes is used for storing a Firm Ware, and 8 kbytes SRAM is used for stack, storing memory of global variables while program running. If we uses the hybrid communication of path optimization of VHF, TRS and CDMA to remote control AtoN(aid to navigation), it is able to remove the communication shadow area. Even though there is a shadow area for individual communication method, we can select an optimum communication method. The compatibility of data has been enhanced as using of same data frame per communication devices. For the test, 8640 of data has been collected from the each buoy during 30 days in every 5 minutes and the receiving rate of the data has shown more than 99.4 %.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2012.06a
• /
• pp.501-503
• /
• 2012

국내 많은 연안 어선들은 해사안전법, 개항질서법 및 선박안전법 등과 같은 안전에 관한 법률을 외면하고 있는 실태이다. 국내 항만 진출입로에는 항로가 설정되어 있고, 상선들은 관제실과 상호 연락하면서 통항안전에 최선을 기울이고 있으나, 어선의 무질서 함으로 인하여로 해상안전에 위협을 받고 있다. 한일 어업협정과 배타적 경제수역 선포에 의해 어장이 축소되고, 이에 따른 어획량 감소가 선주나 어선 선원들을 위축시켜 안전을 위한 제안이나 규제에는 더욱 배타적이 된 것으로 볼 수 있다. 이 연구에서는 어선의 특징을 분석하여 어선 측과 의사 소통을 위한 통신방법의 제안과 아울러 AIS 정보제공 방안을 제시함으로서, 어선의 통항 안전을 증진시키고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2014.06a
• /
• pp.41-42
• /
• 2014

최근 우리나라에서는 새로운 항만설계 혹은 변경 등을 함에 있어 해상교통안전진단을 우선적으로 실시하여 해상교통의 안전을 도모하고 있다. 이 해상교통안전진단은 자연환경 및 해상교통조사, 선박조종시뮬레이션, 해상교통류 시뮬레이션, 계류안전성, 그리고 안전대책 등으로 구성되어 있다. 그 중 선박조종과 관련된 선박조종시뮬레이션이 아주 중요하다. 이것은 해당 항만에서 선박 조종을 담당하는 도선사 혹은 선장들에게 직접적인 관련이 있기 때문이다. 선박조종시뮬레이션에서 근접도 평가는 항로 혹은 접이안 조선의 안전도를 평가하는 중요한 요소이다. 그러나 근접도 평가는 시뮬레이션의 횟수를 얼마 이상으로 할 때 제대로 된 평가를 할 수 있는가 하는 점은 밝혀져 있지 않다. 중심극한정리에 따르면 30회 이상이면 표본 집단은 정규분포를

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.69-90
• /
• 1999

The Korean airspace is very much limited, but its users are many. Especially many special using airspaces for military aircraft are formulated within the Taegu Flight Information Region and it is so restricted for civil aircraft to use the military airspaces. However, as the demand of civil air traffic is increasing, positive cooperation among the users of the airspace is needed to cope with the demand and to uplift the utilitation of the Korean airspace. Most of airspace except airways within the FIR are restricted areas, prohibited areas or operation areas for the military purpose. This thesis shows how to improve the utilitation of the Korean airspace and how much economical benefit the suggestion gives.