• Title/Summary/Keyword: 함산소 연료

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A study on the characteristics of fuel performance according to the oxygenated additive type for gasoline fuel Part 1. Fuel properties and evaporative emission characteristics (휘발유 연료용 함산소 첨가제 종류에 따른 성능 특성 연구 Part 1. 연료물성 및 증발가스 배출 특성)

  • Lee, Min-Ho;Kim, Jong-Ryeol;Kim, Ki-Ho;Ha, Jong-Han
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.118-128
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    • 2016
  • As the interest on the air-pollution is gradually rising up at home and abroad, automotive and fuel researchers have been working on the exhaust emission reduction from vehicles through a lot of approaches, which consist of new engine design, innovative after-treatment systems, using clean (eco-friendly alternative) fuels and fuel quality improvement. This research has brought forward two main issues : exhaust emission and PM (particulate matter) particle emissions of gasoline vehicle. Exhaust emission and PM particle of automotive had many problem that cause of ambient pollution, health effects. In addition, researcher studied the environment problems of the MTBE contained in the fuel as oxygenate additives. The researchers have many data about the health effects of ingestion of MTBE. However, the data support the conclusion that MTBE is a potential human carcinogen at high doses. Based on the oxygenated fuel additive types (MTBE, Bio-ETBE, Bio-ethanol, Bio-butanol), this paper discussed the influence of oxygen contents on gasoline fuel properties and evaporative emission characteristics. Also, this paper assessed the acceleration and power performance of gasoline vehicle for the fuel property.

A study on the effect of low emission fuel on environmental pollution and its developing situation (저공해 연료의 개발현황과 환경오염에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 정용일;박권하;김정흠
    • Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.14-20
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    • 1995
  • 연료개선 방향으로서 휘발유에 산소함유량을 증가시켜 불완전연소에 의한 유독성 배기물질을 감소시키기 위한 함산소연료와 광학스모그의 감소 일환으로 규제를 더욱 강화시킨 개질연료에 대한 개발현황과 문제점 및 대기오염에 미치는 영향을 검토하였으며, 앞으로 연구되어야 할 방향을 제시하였다. 1. 환경문제에 의한 가솔린연료의 변화. 2. 함산소연료의 특성. 3. Auto/oil programme. 4. 에탄올 연료의 실험적 고찰.

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The Effect of Low Boiling Point Oxygenates on the Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions (저비점 함산소물질이 디젤기관의 성능과 배기배출물에 미치는 영향)

  • 김봉석;송용식;궁본등
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.20-27
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    • 2004
  • In the study, the effect of low boiling point oxygenates in high viscous fuels on the exhaust emissions has been investigated for a single cylinder DI diesel engine. It was tested to estimated change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the base fuels and low boiling point oxygenates blended fuel which have six kinds of fuels and various mixed rates. The results of the study may be con eluded as follows By blending of various low boiling point oxygenated agents to lower grade fuels, significant improvements were simultaneously obtained in smoke, CO, PM, SOF and BSEC. Especially, these trends were remarkably obtained by retarding injection timing, by decreasing boiling point and increasing blending contents of additives in case of oxygenated agents rather than non-oxygenated agents. Also, it was revealed that when 20 vol.% DMM added to high viscosity fuels and injection timing was retarded, Nox-smoke trade off relationship was much better than that of ordinary diesel fuel. Thus, lower grade fuels with high viscosity could be expected to be used efficiently and cleanly in diesel operation by blending low boiling point oxygenates.

Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Biomass-Derived Oxygenates: a Review (바이오매스 유래 함산소 화합물의 수첨탈산소 촉매 반응: 총설)

  • Ha, Jeong-Myeong
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.174-181
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    • 2022
  • Biomass is a sustainable alternative resource for production of liquid fuels and organic compounds that are currently produced from fossil fuels including petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Because the use of fossil fuels can increase the production of greenhouse gases, the use of carbon-neutral biomass can contribute to the reduction of global warming. Although biological and chemical processes have been proposed to produce petroleum-replacing chemicals and fuels from biomass feedstocks, it is difficult to replace completely fossil fuels because of the high oxygen content of biomass. Production of petroleum-like fuels and chemicals from biomass requires the removal of oxygen atoms or conversion of the oxygen functionalities present in biomass derivatives, which can be achieved by catalytic hydrodeoxygenation. Hydrodeoxygenation has been used to convert raw biomass-derived materials, such as biomass pyrolysis oils and lignocellulose-derived chemicals and lipids, into deoxygenated fuels and chemicals. Multifunctional catalysts composed of noble metals and transition metals supported on high surface area metal oxides and carbons, usually selected as supports of heterogeneous catalysts, have been used as efficient hydrodeoxygenation catalysts. In this review, the catalysts proposed in the literature are surveyed and hydrodeoxygenation reaction systems using these catalysts are discussed. Based on the hydrodeoxygenation methods reported in the literature, an insight for feasible hydrodeoxygenation process development is also presented.

A study on the characteristics of fuel performance according to the oxygenated additive type for gasoline fuel Part 2. Exhaust and Non-regulated, PM emission characteristics (휘발유 연료용 함산소 첨가제 종류에 따른 성능 특성 연구 Part 2. 배출가스 및 미규제 물질, 입자상 물질 특성)

  • Lee, Min-Ho;Kim, Ki-Ho;Ha, Jong-Han
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.374-384
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    • 2016
  • Concern about air pollution is gradually rising up in domestic and foreign, automotive and fuel researchers are trying to reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, through a lot of approaches, which consist of new engine design and innovative after-treatment systems, using clean (eco-friendly alternative) fuels and fuel quality improvement. This research is proceeding by two main issues : exhaust emissions and PM particle emissions of gasoline vehicle. Exhaust emissions, non-regulated emissions and PM (particulate matter) particles of automotive are causing many problems which ambient pollution and harmful effects on the human body. The main particulate fraction of automotive exhaust emissions consists of small particles. Because of their small size, inhaled particles can easily penetrate deep into the lungs. The rough surfaces of these particles make it easier for them to combine with other toxins in the environment. Thus, the hazards of particle inhalation are increased. Based on the oxygenated fuel additive types (MTBE, Bio-ETBE, Bio-ethanol, Bio-butanol), this paper discussed the influence of oxygen contents on gasoline vehicle exhaust emissions, non-regulated emissions and nano-particle emissions. Also, this paper assessed exhaust emission characteristics at 2 type test modes. The test modes were FTP-75 and HWFET. All measurement items be verified less than the value of regulated emissions. It could be known difference increase and decrease by each measurement item depending on increase the oxygen contents.

Characteristics of Particle Number and Exhaust emission by Alteration of MTBE Contents in Gasoline (휘발유의 MTBE 함량 변화에 따른 입자개수 및 배출가스 특성)

  • Lim, Taeyoon;Song, Hoyoung;Park, Cheonkyu;Hwang, Inha;Ha, Jonghan;Na, Byungki
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2015
  • While the oxygen content of gasoline for automobiles in Korea is regulated to less than 2.3 weight %, European and World-Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC) regulate it to less than 2.7 weight %. The oxygen content of oxygen-containing materials increases the octane number of the fuel due to the secondary combustion in the internal combustion engine. It has been reported to be effective in reducing emissions, such as CO, HC, which is caused by incomplete combustion. Before 2000s in the United States and Europe, there has been many researches about vehicle application of the changes in oxygen content of gasoline. However, there are not many domestic researches which reflect the improvement of the fuel quality and automotive technology. In this study, fuels of three different oxygen contents were applied to GDI and MPI engines. As a result, the changes of fuel consumption and emission gas were very similar depends of the oxygen content changes. The PN in GDI engine was decreased as the oxygen content was increased.

Extension of Low Temperature Combustion Regime by Turbocharging Using Diesel and Biodiesel Fuels (과급에 의한 디젤 및 바이오디젤의 저온연소 운전영역 확장에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Jae-Hoon;Oh, Seung-Mook;Lee, Yong-Gyu;Lee, Sun-Youp
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.36 no.11
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    • pp.1065-1072
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    • 2012
  • Due to its oxygen (O) content, biodiesel (BD) is advantageous in that it lowers PM emissions in CI engines. Therefore, BD is considered one of the best candidates for low temperature combustion (LTC) operation because its use can extend the regime for simultaneous reduction of PM and $NO_x$. Thus, in this study, LTC operation was realized using BD and diesel with a 5~7% $O_2$ fraction. Engine test results show that the use of BD increased the efficiency and reduced emissions such as PM, THC, and CO; furthermore, IMEP reduced by 10~12% owing to the lower LHV of the fuel. In particular, smoke was suppressed by up to 90% because O atoms in the BD enhanced the soot oxidation reaction. To compensate the IMEP loss, turbocharging (TC) was then tested, and the results showed that the power output increased and PM was reduced further. Moreover, TC in BD engine operation allowed a similar level of reduction in both $NO_x$ and PM at 11~12% $O_2$ fraction, suggesting that there is a potential to widen the operating range by the combination of TC and BD.

The Problem and it's Countermeasure of the Gasohol (가소홀의 문제점과 그 대책)

  • 류정인
    • Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.12-16
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    • 1987
  • 세계각국에서는 원류의 소비절약과 대체연료의 개발에 발차를 기하는 등 유류파동에 휘말리지 않 으려고 노력하고 있다. 그러한 노력의 일찬으로 기존기한을 크게 개조 및 수정하지 않는 범위 에서 메타놀 등의 알콜류에 대한 연국가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그 예로서 가솔린에 10-20%의 알콜을 혼합하면 안티노크성이 증가되고 기관의 운전이 원활하다는 것이 오래전부터 알려져 있 었다. 자동차의 배출가스문제가 제기되면서 이와 같은 종류으 혼합연료를 배기대책에 이용하는 것이 검토되었다. 더욱이 가솔린이나 경유에 알콜 등의 함산소화합물, 기타 첨가제를 혼합하여 연소를 개신하고 배출가스를 저장하는 가능성에 대한 연구가 많이 진행되었다. 지금까지의 연 구에서는 알콜, 에테르 등 항산소화합물의 일부가 적당하게 이용됨에 따라 순수가 솔린만을 사 용하는 것 보다도 배출가스의 점에서 유리하다고 알려졌다. 또 최근에는 석유자원을 절약하는 보조연료로서 또 장래의 대체연료로서 그 평가의 관점이 바뀌고 있다.

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자동차연료의 저 공해화 기술

  • 김경원
    • Journal of the KSME
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    • v.32 no.12
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    • pp.1049-1058
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    • 1992
  • 자동차 공해를 저감하기 위해서는 정부 당국의 도로 여건 개선을 통한 교통 체증의 해소, 자동차 제조기술(연소, 제어, 배기가스 정화등)의 개선, 정유사의 저공해 연료 개발 및 운전자 개개인의 운전 습관 개선, 차량 정비 점검 등 제반 노력이 합치되어야 할 것이다. 이중 연료 측면에서의 대기오염 개선을 위한 저공해화 기술을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 자동차 배기가스에 영향을 미치는 휘발유의 황함량을 낮추면 휘발유 자동차의 유해 배기가스 배출이 전반적으로 감소한다. RVP와 방향족 함량은 낮을수록, 함산소화합물함량은 높을수록 HC와 CO를 저감시키며 특히 CO의 저 감이 현저하다. 90% 증류점을 낮추면 HC 배출량이 크게 감소하고 올레핀함량을 낮추면 $NO_{x$ 배출이 억제된다.

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An Experimental Study on the Simultaneous Reduction of Smoke and NOx by Oxygenated Fuel Additives in DI Diesel Engine (직접분사식 디젤기관에서 함산소연료 첨가에 의한 매연과 NOx 동시 저감에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • ;近久 武美
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.106-114
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    • 1996
  • Extensive experiments were conducted to investigate the emission of DI diesel engine by using DMC(dimethyl carbonate) as an oxygenated fuel additives. The results indicate that smoke reduces almost linearly with fuel oxygen contents. Reductions of HC and CO were attained noticeably, while a small increase in NOx was encountered concurrently. The effective reduction in smoke with DMC was maintained with the presence of CO2, which suggested a low NOx and smoke operation could be obtained in combination of using oxygenated fuel and EGR. Further experiment was conducted a thermal cracking set-up for mechanism studies.

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