• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 1992

Because no reference on trombiculid mites (Acarina: Trombiculidae) in Cheju Island where tsutsugamushi disease is highly endemic had been available, studies on trombiculid mites in Cheju Island were implemented during the period of August 1991-Apil 1992, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The species and numbers of the field rodents collected were 143 Apodemus agrarius chejuensis (92.3%), 11 Crocidura lasiura (7. l%) and 1 Micromys minutus (0.6%) From total 12,075 chiggers harvested, 9 species of 4 genera in Trombiculidae were identified. (2) The predominant species through all seasons was 1. setum (43.3%), followed by 1. orientale (27.4%) and 1. scutellare (26.6%). However, in autumn when the most cases of tsutsugamushi disease occur, 1. scutellere was prominently predominant, having 79.8% of the collected chiggers. (3) Among 1,1421. scutellare examined for Rickettsia tsutsugpmushi by means of IFA test, 6 individuals were found positive showing 0.5% of infection rate. This is the first finding that 1. scutellere is the second vector species of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea. (4) Antibody positive rate of A. agrarius chejuensis sera were 31.2% (44/139), and 1 M. minutes serum was also found positive. The seropositive rates by season were not so significantly different. Key words: Tsutsugamushi disease, epidemiology, vector species, Cheju Island, Korea.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2002

In this study nonlinear dynamic behaviors of towed tow-tension cables are numerically analysed. In the case of a taut cable analysis, a bending stiffness term is usually neglected due to its minor effect but it plays an important role in a low-tension cable analysis. A low-tension cable may experience large displacements due to relatively small restoring forces and thus the effects of fluid and geometric non-linearities become predominant. The bending stiffness and non-linearity effects are considered in this work. In order to obtain dynamic behaviors of a towed low-tension cable, three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic equation is described and discretized by employing a finite difference method. An implicit method and Newton-Raphson iteration are adopted for the time integration and nonlinear solutions. For the calculation of huge size of matrices. block tri-diagonal matrix method is applied, which is much faster than the well-known Gauss-Jordan method in two point boundary value problems. Some case studies are carried out and the results of numerical simulations are compared with those of a in-house program of WHOI Cable with good agreements.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2020

From PC communication to the development of the internet, a new term has been coined on the social media, and the social media culture has been formed due to the spread of smart phones, and the newly coined word is becoming a culture. With the advent of social networking sites and smart phones serving as a bridge, the number of data has increased in real time. The use of new words can have many advantages, including the use of short sentences to solve the problems of various letter-limited messengers and reduce data. However, new words do not have a dictionary meaning and there are limitations and degradation of algorithms such as data mining. Therefore, in this paper, the opinion of the document is confirmed by collecting data through web crawling and extracting new words contained within the text data and establishing an emotional classification. The progress of the experiment is divided into three categories. First, a word collected by collecting a new word on the social media is subjected to learned of affirmative and negative. Next, to derive and verify emotional values using standard documents, TF-IDF is used to score noun sensibilities to enter the emotional values of the data. As with the new words, the classified emotional values are applied to verify that the emotions are classified in standard language documents. Finally, a combination of the newly coined words and standard emotional values is used to perform a comparative analysis of the technology of the instrument.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.69-81
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• 2001

The constitutive relation among capillary pressure, saturation and relative permeability should be predetermined in order to simulate immiscible water-gas flow in porous media. The relation between saturation and relative permeability becomes more important when the capillary force can be disregarded and viscous friction force governs the flow. In this study, a 2-dimensional finite difference numerical model was developed, in which the variation of viscosity with pressure and that of relative permeability with water saturation can be treated. Seven cases of parallel plate tests were performed in order to obtain the characteristic equation of relative permeability which would be used in. the developed numerical model. It was not possible, however, to match the curves of relative permeability from the plate tests with the existing emperical models. Consequently a logistic equation was proposed as a new emperical model. As this model was composed of the parameter involving aperture size, any aperture size of fracture can be applied to the model. For the purpose of verification, the characteristic equation of relative permeability was applied to the developed numerical model and the computed results were compared with those of plate test. As a result of application of numerical model, in order to check the field applicability, to single fracture surrounding an underground storage cavern, the simultaneous flow of water and propane gas was able to be simulated properly by the model.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.59-65
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• 2012

Purpose: Multidisciplinary approaches of surgical resection and chemotherapy have been widely used for the treatment of non-metastatic osteosarcomas. We aimed to assess the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for metastasis and disease-specific survival. Materials and Methods: Authors retrospectively reviewed 225 young (<30 years old) and non-metastatic osteosarcoma patients who underwent surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy between February 1984 and July 2010. Mean age was 14.4 years old (ranged: 4-29 years old) and average follow-up period was 9.1 years (2-28 years). The patients were divided into two groups according to the application of preoperative chemotherapy. Both groups were compared with clinical characteristics, metastasis-free survival and disease-specific survival. Results: All of 225 patients, 32 patients were treated with postoperative chemotherapy and 193 patients were performed preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy. Postoperative chemotherapy group showed significantly high rate of amputation (p<0.001). Metastasis was occurred in 101 patients. Postoperative chemotherapy group indicated significant higher rate of metastasis (69% vs 41%, p=0.004) and early development of metastasis (mean: 11.5 vs 20.3 months, p=0.045) than pre-and postoperative chemotherapy group. Fifty-seven patients were died of osteosarcoma. Postoperative chemotherapy group revealed significant lower rate of 5-year disease-specific survival than pre-and postoperative chemotherapy group (51% vs 84%, p=0.001). Adult (>15 years) and large sized tumor (>8 cm) were meaningful risk factors of metastasis and disease-specific survival. Although, local recurrences were occurred in 13 patients, there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy offers better disease-specific survival and metastasis-free survival.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.162-167
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• 2015

This paper describes the reason and the problem solving for the double-layer pattern of a Daejeon correlator operated in Korea-Japan Correlation Center. When the electric power of an input signal in the correlator is charged small enough to be buried in the noise, it is hard to see a signal with a specific pattern in the input signal, but when the electric power is large, a specific one is reported to be seen. By comparing data from observation with one from software correlator, it was confirmed from the analysis using the AIPS software that the amplitude gain of a source signal was affected about 3%. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of double-layer patterns, we found that a problem in the memory management module responsible for both the data input and the data serialization of the correlator is a cause for the double-layer pattern detected periodically. In other words, while data is serialized and read repeatedly in the memory area assigned to serialize the data from the serialization module, redundant last data is generated and an overlap for the memory allocation is occurred. Therefore, by modifying the program of the FPGA memory sections on serialization module to correct the problem, we confirmed that double-layer pattern is disappeared and correlation results are normally acquired.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 1990

For the purpose of investigation of demersal fisheries resources of the East China Sea, joint research between Hokkaido University and National Fisheries University of Pusan was carried out during the period from November 5 to November 12 in 1989. This joint research is due to continue for the next three years. In this report, the authors analyzed the catch of 24 draughts of trawl operating by the Oshorumaru of the training ship of Hokkaido University in the north area of the East China Sea, in order to hold the present condition of the demersal resources. The specimens collected were composed of 76 species of fishes, 6 of mollusca and 7 of crustacea. And the main species of the large catch were Raja kenojei, Zeus faber, Miichthys miiuy, Collichthys lucidus, Dentex tumifrons, Carangoides caeruleopinnatus, Trachurus japonicus, Parastromateus niger, Trichiurus leptulus, Scomberomorus niphonius, Pampus argenteus, Pampus echinogaster, Psenopsis anonala, Liparis tanakai, Thammaconus modestus, Tadarodes pacificus, Loligo edulis, and Portunus trituberculatus. Especially, Trichiurus leptulus, Pampus agrenteus and Thammaconus modestus had different modes of classes of body size individually, with changing of fishing ground. But, Tadarodes pacificus, Loligo edulis and Portunus trituberculatus were caught the maxed sizes of body individually in the same ground.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.1 s.246
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• pp.29-37
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• 2005

This study was prospectively designed to determine the physiologic effects of normothermic CPB and to compare its influences with hypothermic CPB. Material and Method: Thirty-six adult patients scheduled for el­ective cardiac surgery were randomly assigned to moderate hypothermic (hypothermic group nasopharyngeal tem­perature $26\~28^{\circ}C,\;n=18)$ ornormothermic (normothermic group, nasopharyngeal temperature > $35.5^{\circ}C\;n=18)$ CPB. Arterial blood samples were taken before CPB (Pre-CPB), 10 minutes after the start of CPB (CPB-10), and imme­diately after CPB stop (CPB-off) for determining total leukocyte counts, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), interleukin-6 (IL-6), endothelin-1 (ET-1), cortisol, troponin I (TNI), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and the pulmonary index $(Pi,\;PaO_{2}/FiO_{2}),$Other parameters such as urine output, mechanical ventilating period, ICU-staying period, postoperative complications and hospitalized days were also evaluated. Result: Total leukocyte counts, increased rate in NSE, in IL-6 and in cortisol at CPB-10 and CPB-off were significantly higher in normothermic group than in hyphothermic group. Urine output during CPB was lower in normothermic group than in hyphothermic group. The duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU-stay, and hospitalization were longer in normothermic group than in hyphothermic group. Conclusion: These findings sug­gested that normothermic CPB caused higher inflammatory and stress responses than hypothermic CPB during car­diac surgery using cold crystalloid cardioplegia. However, further studies with large number of cases should be carried out to validate this hypothesis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.2052-2063
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• 1998

Various full-scale radio location systems have been developed since ground-based radio navigation systems appeared during World War II, and more recently global positioning systems (GPS) have been widely used as a representative location system. In addition, radio location systems based on cellular systems are intensively being studied as cellular services become more and more popular. However, these studies have been focused mainly on macrocellular systems of which based stations are mutually synchronized. There has been no study about systems of which based stations are asynchronous. In this paper, we proposed two radio location algorithms in microcellular CDMA systems of which base stations are asychronous. The one is to estimate the position of a personal station at the center of rectangular shaped area which approximates the realistic common area. The other, as a method based on road map, is to first find candidate positions, the centers of roads pseudo-range-distant from the base station which the personal station belongs to and then is to estimate the position by monitoring the pilot signal strengths of neighboring base stations. We compare these two algorithms with three wide-spread algorithms through computer simulations and investigate interference effect on measuring pseudo ranges. The proposed algorithms require no recursive calculations and yield smaller position error than the existing algorithms because of less affection of non-line-of-signt propagation in microcellular environments.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 2010

Purpose : The Dipslide culture test is a rapid method for diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic availability of a urine Dipslide test for evaluation of UTI in febrile children. Methods : Urine specimens from 151 febrile infants were inoculated by a routine blood agar urine culture method and the Dipslide test at the same time. Following incubation for 16-24 hours, the results of the Dipslide test were read at the next visit. Both results of Dipslide and those of routine culture were compared. Results : The mean age of subjects was 15${\pm}$10.6 months. There were 150 infants (99.3%) who had fever with a mean duration of 2.6${\pm}$2.6 days. Thirty two infants (21.2%) were diagnosed as having UTI. Sensitivity and specificity of Uricult Trio CLED medium were 59.4% and 84.8%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of Uricult Trio E. coli medium were 60.0% and 96.2%, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient between results of Uricult Trio CLED medium and urine culture was 0.438 (P=0.01). Correlation between results of Uricult Trio E. coli medium and urine culture was 0.617 (P=0.01). Conclusion : The Dipslide test requires only 16-24 hours with high specificity in terms of UTI caused by E. coli without the problems associated with specimen delay. This test seems to be helpful for exclusion of UTI in febrile infants and it may reduce unnecessary hospitalization and antibiotic use. However, further studies are required before the product can be recommended as a routine diagnostic tool.