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The Systemic Effects of Hypothermic and Normothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery  

Park Jae Min (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Cho Yong Gil (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Hwang Yoon Ho (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Lee Yang Haeng (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Yoon Young Chul (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Junng Hee Jae (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Han Il Yong (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Choi Seok Cheol (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan)
Cho Kwang Hyun (Deparment of Thoracic & Cardiovasclar Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital College of Mediine, Inje University)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.38, no.1, 2005 , pp. 29-37 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was prospectively designed to determine the physiologic effects of normothermic CPB and to compare its influences with hypothermic CPB. Material and Method: Thirty-six adult patients scheduled for el­ective cardiac surgery were randomly assigned to moderate hypothermic (hypothermic group nasopharyngeal tem­perature $26\~28^{\circ}C,\;n=18)$ ornormothermic (normothermic group, nasopharyngeal temperature > $35.5^{\circ}C\;n=18)$ CPB. Arterial blood samples were taken before CPB (Pre-CPB), 10 minutes after the start of CPB (CPB-10), and imme­diately after CPB stop (CPB-off) for determining total leukocyte counts, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), interleukin-6 (IL-6), endothelin-1 (ET-1), cortisol, troponin I (TNI), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and the pulmonary index $(Pi,\;PaO_{2}/FiO_{2}),$Other parameters such as urine output, mechanical ventilating period, ICU-staying period, postoperative complications and hospitalized days were also evaluated. Result: Total leukocyte counts, increased rate in NSE, in IL-6 and in cortisol at CPB-10 and CPB-off were significantly higher in normothermic group than in hyphothermic group. Urine output during CPB was lower in normothermic group than in hyphothermic group. The duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU-stay, and hospitalization were longer in normothermic group than in hyphothermic group. Conclusion: These findings sug­gested that normothermic CPB caused higher inflammatory and stress responses than hypothermic CPB during car­diac surgery using cold crystalloid cardioplegia. However, further studies with large number of cases should be carried out to validate this hypothesis.
Keywords
Cardiac surgery; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Hypothermia; Normothermia; Inflammation;
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