• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2003

To evaluate the quality of commercial ginger tea, we compared physicochemical (sugar content, pH, acidity, color, viscosity, transparancy) and sensory (7-point scoring test, 18 experienced panel members) characteristics of commercial ginger tea with home-made one. Additionally, we assessed the opinion of Food and Nutrition specialists, about commercial ginger tea. Questionaires were hand delivered to 530 subjects consisted of University students and faculties of Department of Food and Nutrition at 8 cities (Seoul, Incheon, Youngin, Taejon, Chungju, Taegu, Kwangju, Pusan) in Korea and the complete data of 328 subjects were statistically analyzed using SPSS Program for Window (mean, ANOVA, $\chi$$^2$). The questionaires were consisted of sociodemographics, frequency and occasion of purchasing, opinion of quality and improvement points. Commercial ginger tea was lower in transparancy, Hunter color (L and b value) and viscosity than home-made one. However, commercial tea was not significantly different in sugar content, pH, acidity and Hunter color a value compared to home-made one. Also, among sensory attributes, over-all preference and flavor, sweetness were not significantly different between commercial and home - made one, However, scores of color, taste and pungency of home-made ginger tea were significantly higher than commercial one (p<0.05). Factors to be improved for commercial ginger tea were in the order of ginger content (28.6%), flavor (25.2%) and sweetness (24.5%).

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.370-378
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• 2002

To assess the quality of commercial Sujongkwa, we compared physicochemical and sensory characteristics of commercial Sujongkwa with home-made one. Two different brands of Sujongkwa and home-made one were analyzed for physicochemical (sugar content, pH, acidity, color, viscosity, transparency) and sensory characteristics (7-point scoring test, 15 experienced panel members). Separately, we assessed the opinion of food and nutrition specialists about the commercial Sujongkwa. Questionnaires were hand delivered to 530 subjects consisted of university students and faculties of Department of Food and Nutrition at 8 cities (Seoul, Incheon, Yongin, Daejon, Chungju, Daegu, Kwangju, Busan) in Korea and the complete data of 328 subjects were statistically analyzed using SPSS Propam for Window (mean, ANOVA, $\chi$$^2$). The questionnaires were consisted of sociodemographics, frequency and occasion of purchasing, opinion of quality and improvement points. Both commercial Sujongkwas were lower in sugar content, transparency, color(L and b value) and viscosity, and commercial brand B was higher in pH and color a value than home-made one. Also, among sensory characteristics, over-all preference and color for brand B were significantly higher than those for brand A and home-made one (p<0.05). Especially, the scores of over-all preference were 1.9 for brand A, 5.7 for brand B, and 4.9 for home-made Sujongkwa. Points to be improved for commercial Sujongkwa were in order of sweetness (33.0%), pungency (24.2%), dried persimmon (19.1%).

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2018

Objective : It is one of the most important job tasks to write to occupational therapist, so I want to apply the writing program to the students who use mobile language as the main communication and to investigate the effect. Methods : This study was conducted with 7 freshman students for a total of 10 sessions, once a week, for 2 hours at a time. In addition, after reading the recommended books, I made a total of two manuscripts with the book report and then carried out the supplementary instruction. Changes in the writing program were made using self - questionnaires and changes in the writing of the manuscripts were confirmed by the number of times. Results : As a result of the self-questionnaire, the participants considered the logical aspect of the writing and the consistency of the writing after participating in the writing program, and after the writing, the grammatical aspect was reviewed and the sentence was revised. In addition, the number of secondary corrections was reduced by an average of 7 times more than the number of primary corrections. Conclusion : In order to create a document which is one of the important tasks for occupational therapist, systematic education will be needed to create a more logical and grammatical error-free article.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.59-74
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• 2019

According to previous studies, it shows that the metacognitive ability that makes the positive element of the problem solver positively affects the problem-solving process of mathematics. In order to accurately grasp causality, this study investigates the specific characteristics of the meta-affect factor in the process of problem-solving. To do this, we analyzed the types and frequency of data collected from collaborative problem-solving situations composed of 4th~6th grade mathematically gifted children in small group of two. As a result, it can be seen that the type of meta-affect in the problem-solving process of mathematically gifted children is related to the correctness rate of the problem. First, regardless of the success or failure of the problem-solving, the meta-affect appeared relatively frequently in the meta-affect types in which the cognitive factors related to the context of problem-solving appeared first, and acted as the meta-functional type of the evaluation and attitude. Especially, in the case of successful problem-solving of mathematically gifted children, meta-affect showed a very active function as meta-functional type of evaluation.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 2002

Purpose: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is common, affecting between 7% and 25% of school-aged children and young adult. This study was designed to assess the relationship between RAP and depressive trends in school-aged children. Methods: In 1999, We surveyed 1,181 elementary school children (566 boys and 615 girls) whose ages ranged from 9 to 12 years. The degree of depression was compared between the group with RAP and normal control group without RAP according to Korean Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) of Kovacs and Beck. Results: The number of the group with RAP was significantly higher in female (25.7%) than in male (18.9%). The most common site of abdominal pain was periumbilical. The mean depression score in the group with RAP was higher than that of the control group. The depression score was significantly higher in the group with RAP who has frequently pain and additional symptoms. The depression score was significantly higher in the group with RAP who prefered to play alone, did not enjoy going to school and had few friends than in the group with RAP who had a lot of friends, had active and meticulous characters. The depression scores were not significantly different according to the duration of abdominal pain, the onset time of pain, and the day of pain in the group with RAP. Conclusion: The depression score of the group with RAP was higher than that of normal group. So, there is relatively a specific association between childhood RAP and depression in school aged children. It is good for physicians to consider psychological support in the treatment of childhood RAP.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.175-184
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• 2019

This study aims to find out that major-related voluntary services of university students have an effect on forming their community spirit and occupational value somehow. This study carried out the survey targeting students in 'D' University, which is located at Jeonnam Province of Korea, on September 6 through 13, 2017. The self-administered questionnaire was structured in questions about community spirit and occupational value. 566 copies of the questionnaires handed out were collected. As a result, participation in voluntary services makes a significant difference according to gender, grade, and departments but major related voluntary services was ignificant difference according to departments. There was a significant difference in community spirit and occupational value of participants in voluntary services. However, major-related voluntary services showed significant difference in occupational value only. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop a lot of volunteer programs in order to encourage students to join major-related voluntary activities.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.313-323
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• 2024

This study aims to explore educational methods to help students and citizens, who are exposed to numerous manufactured risks, better understand the nature of science and technology. It also seeks to develop their ability to identify, analyze, and evaluate the risks associated with science and technology, ultimately enabling them to live safer lives in society. To achieve this, through an extensive literature review, we explored the definition of risk, the necessity of risk education, and the relationship between SSI (Socioscientific Issues) education and risk education. Based on the results, we proposed the SSI-CURE (Socioscientific Issues Centered on the Understanding of Risk and its Evaluation) model, which can systematically educate about risks in the context of SSI. The SSI-CURE model proceeds through the following four steps: 1) Confrontation of SSI, 2) Understanding the Nature of Science and Technology with SSI, 3) Risk Assessment in SSI, and 4) Enactment of Countermeasures for SSI. These steps represent the key elements for education on risks in the context of SSI: Conceptual understanding of risks (risk knowledge), competencies necessary for discussing or addressing risk situations (risk competency), scientific content knowledge needed to understand risks (knowledge in science), and knowledge required to understand the causes of risks and their impacts (knowledge about science). We expect that the SSI-CURE model can be used not only as a guide for instruction but also as a representative framework for developing programs to educate about risks in the SSI context.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2003

Purpose : Amont the various issues concerning bio-ethics, the concern on euthanasia has increased along with the development of medical technology. Thus, the general public tends to have more liberal opinion. They have detail research data and real practices in US, Europe and Australia, but we lack such studies in our country. This study was undertaken to address the need of studies on the recognition of euthanasia among the public because the existing studies have been focused on the medical staff. Methods : Survey 413 people the age of 17 or more, from May to July 2000. Testify the data on the variation of demography and the recognition of euthanasia by using SAS 6.12, the statistic program. Results : 304 people (73.6%) think that euthanasia should be legislated, 156 people (37.8%) permit euthanasia to the rage of voluntary one, and 234 people (56.6%) permit passive euthanasia. When the subject of voluntary euthanasia was himself, more people whose age is 35 or more (P=0.001) responded that they will undertake euthanasia. And, on issues related to the passive euthanasia, one's educational background (P=0.046) and economic power (P=0.040) arrangement showed significant differences. When the subject of voluntary euthanasia is other people, more people whose age is 35 or more than 35 (P=0.001), whose sex is male (P=0.001), and married people (P=0.002) were for allowing the matter. For the subject of passive euthanasia, survey participant's occupation (P=0.016) created meaningful difference. More people whose age is 35 or more than 35 responded that they want voluntary euthanasia for themselves (P=0.001), and in the case when euthanasia is legislated, marital status (P=0.002) also shows meaningful difference. Passive euthanasia is permitted by the more people whose age is less than 35 for respondents other people (P=0.001), marital status show meaningful difference in case for respondent himself. In the case of legal euthanasia is more people whose age is 35 or more than 35 (P=0.001), sex is male (P=0.004) and more married people (P=0.001) responded that they want voluntary euthanasia for other people. And, age (P=0.002), sex (P=0.001), education (P=0.025) and economic power (P=0.001) show meaningful difference for case the subject of passive euthanasia. Conclusion : Most of general public responded that the legislation on euthanasia is required; and, age, education and economic power seem to have an influence on their decisions on euthanasia. Not only such a study of demographic and sociological correlation; but, various basic data on the legislation of euthanasia are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.175-184
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• 1991

To identify the eating behaviour of customers at a hotel buffet styled restaurant, a survey was conducted. The age range of the respondents was 6 through 70, but consisted mainly people in their twenties, thirties, and forties of the respondents, 65.1% were female. The occupation ranged from student 30.3%, housewife 27.2%, office worker 19.3%, professional 17.3%. 43.9% of respondents visited buffet styled restaurant 1 to 2 times every three or four months. Some respondents had a positive opinions: they had many choices in food selection, they could take and choose as much as they wanted, the appearance and the arrangement of the food was great, etc. But some also had negative attitudes(i.e. unhappy with self service and expensive prices). Of the respondents, 31.1% said they visited the buffet styled restaurant was for family parties and the average number of the party member was $9.3{\pm}4.3$. The average time period of eating was 1 hour $32{\pm}26$ minutes. The average frequency of taking food was $3.7{\pm}1.2$. The average frequency of taking food after satiety was $1.2{\pm}0.8$. The first selection of the buffet service food was soup 23.9% of the respondents and salad 23.9%. Females chose more of the soups and salads the males chose more of the meats and seafoods. The standard of food selection was 70.7% of 'my favorite'. This tells customers' low cognition level of desirable food selection and the order of a meal. 64.0% of the respondents responded overeating, from mild and extreme. We think that information on nutrition education and health problems are necessary. For better service, 82.9% wanted to lower the price by decreasing similar items. Respondent wanted; one, to increase more Korean food items and make a traditional Korean buffet styled restaurant, two, to use more seasonal food and decrease the redundant food items to reduce the price, and three, to have different price rates according to the age or gender of the grown ups.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.5C
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• pp.664-672
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• 2004

Widespread popularity of wireless data communication devices, coupled with the availability of higher bandwidths, has led to an increased user demand for content-rich media such as images and videos. Since such content often tends to be private, sensitive, or paid for, there exists a requirement for securing such communication. However, solutions that rely only on traditional compute-intensive security mechanisms are unsuitable for resource-constrained wireless and embedded devices. In this paper, we propose a selective partial image encryption scheme for image data hiding , which enables highly efficient secure communication of image data to and from resource constrained wireless devices. The encryption scheme is invoked during the image compression process, with the encryption being performed between the quantizer and the entropy coder stages. Three data selection schemes are proposed： subband selection, data bit selection and random selection. We show that these schemes make secure communication of images feasible for constrained embed-ded devices. In addition we demonstrate how these schemes can be dynamically configured to trade-off the amount of ded devices. In addition we demonstrate how these schemes can be dynamically configured to trade-off the amount of data hiding achieved with the computation requirements imposed on the wireless devices. Experiments conducted on over 500 test images reveal that, by using our techniques, the fraction of data to be encrypted with our scheme varies between 0.0244％ and 0.39％ of the original image size. The peak signal to noise ratios (PSNR) of the encrypted image were observed to vary between about 9.5㏈ to 7.5㏈. In addition, visual test indicate that our schemes are capable of providing a high degree of data hiding with much lower computational costs.