• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2006

Purpose: The purposes of this descriptive survey study were to determine the relationships between the perception on the temperament and behavior problems of their children and mothers' characteristics with preschoolers. Method: Data were collected from 125 mothers of preschoolers in Kunpo city. The instruments used for this study were Korean CBCL, childrearing burden, mother's health questionnaire, and social support. Results: There were significant differences in the behavior problems according to preschooler's temperament. Difficult children were more hyperactive, withdrawn, aggressive, and premature in behavior. Preschoolers' behavior problems showed significant relationships with mothers' health problem, childrearing burden, and social support. Conclusion: Preschoolers' behavior problems are affected by their temperament, and related with mothers' characteristics. It is important to identify parents' perception on their children's temperament and behavior problems, and the parental role education programs are necessary.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.209.2-209.2
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.9
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate conditions in private high tuition fee institutions and also assess mothers’' perception for their children’'s preschool education. Participants were 37 mothers in Seoul and Geonggido, whowere interviewed individually. Results were as follows: Firstly, 78.9% of the mothers hadtheir children attend private high tuition fee institutions five days a week. Furthermore, 70% of their children aged three to five were enrolled in more than three early educational programs. Secondly, 43.2% of the institutions charged over 600,000 Won by month. 48.7% of the mothers have paid over 900,000 Won by month. Thirdly, 89.2% of the mothers were satisfied with the institutional services and convinced that the institutions would benefit in developing their children’'s wholesome characters and academy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.2713-2725
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• 2015

Because a variety of factors affects children in the development process in order to act practice of life safety behaviors aggressively, this study examined the relationships among academic stress, self-esteem and practice of life safety behaviors of school-age children. Data was collected through a self reported structured questionnaire from 510 Korean school-age children using convenient sampling methods from April 1 to 30, 2013. Stepwise multiple regression revealed the Help of safety education (${\beta}=.254$, p<.001), academic stress (${\beta}=-.222$, p<.001), grade(${\beta}=.201$, p<.001), gender(${\beta}=-.180$, p<.001) to be significant predictors of practice of life safety behaviors of school-age children. These variables accounted for 23.9% of practice of life safety behaviors. Therefore, to facilitate the practice life safety behaviors in school-age children, academic stress needs to be decreased by efficient management and intervention.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2009

Purpose: In an attempt to develop a parental health improvement education program for day care children, survey questions were devised to measured the extent of parental health knowledge, health-guidance execution and needs. Method: Participants were 727 parents whose children attended daycare centers in J province informed consent was provided prior to participation. Result: Respondents were overwhelmingly (91.6%) mothers. Questions with high percentage of incorrect answers were "What should I do if my child swallows harmful drugs, bleach or detergents?" (98.1%) and "What should I do if insects or other bugs enter my child's ear?" (96.6%). In most cases, parental health-guidance execution exceeded 90% except in response to the survey question "Does your child have a dental check-up every 6 months" (51%). Taken together, parental education is necessary concerning growth and development (12.8%), nutrition (12.1%), healthy life styles (10.3%) and general health issues (10.0%). Conclusions: Parental health knowledge about preschooler's health varies with degree of income, education and type of employment. Consideration of these variables is important in a parental health education program.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2015

The necessity on children dresses for cultural events and emotional aspects in designs have become important according to the development of kids industry and revitalization of party culture, and so grasping emotional requirements of consumers is necessary actually. This study aims at purpose of this research, the study used 27 color pictures on the whole bodies of children who wore children dresses that mixed clothing design factors differently (sleeve, skirt length, waist line, materials, color, decoration type and location) through a survey. Regarding the survey objects, this study objected children of 5~6 years old in full and their mothers who lived in Gwangju Metropolitan City, and its results were same as follows. First, dress preferences between children group and mother group were similar generally, but differences were displayed from dress lengths. That is, children preferred long length in general, and whereas mothers were come out to prefer shot length comparatively. Second, the study could get results by mixing ranking 1 and ranking 2 according to clothing design factors that were preferred by children group and mothers group deduced through an empirical analysis. Merely, the location according to decoration type was limited to ranking 1. Based on the research, this study expects that various forthcoming researches have been made continuously, and it could become a guideline for the development of children dress industry afterwards.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.24 no.11 s.210
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• pp.923-928
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• 1986

대부분의 소아치과 환자는 그들의 불안감과 공포감에 대해서 이해를 시킨후에는 성공적으로 치료를 받게 할 수 있다. 그러나 일부의 소아치과 환자는 이러한 일반적인 방법으로는 행동조절을 할 수 없어 치료를 하여줄 수 없는 경우가 있다. 이러한 소아치과 환자는 주로 정상적으로 문제가 있거나 정신적, 육체적으로 장해가 있는 어린이일 수 있으며 또한 겁이 많은 어린이나, 아주 어린 학령전 아동인 경우가 대부분이다. 치과 치료전, 또는 치료중에 약물을 사용하여서 이러한 어린이들의 치과 치료에 대한 불안감과 공포감을 해소시키는데 도움을 줄 수 있고 치과의사는 양질의 치료를 환자에게 하여 줄 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2022

This study attempted to analyze the consonant perception ability and errors and to verify compatibility items for hearing impaired children wearing hearing aids and cochlear implants using the Phoneme Perception Test for School-Aged children (PPT-S). As a result of the study, it was found that children with hearing impairments have more difficulty in perceiving final consonants than initial consonants. The hard type of PPT-S, in which the articulation method and articulation place of the target and foil words are similar, felt more difficult than the easy type. Among the initial consonants, the incorrect response rate for aspiration sound was higher. In the case of final consonants, the incorrect answer rate for 'ㄷ' and 'ㅁ' was relatively higher. There was no significant difference in the percentage of correct response rate according to the gender of the speaker. The above results can be usefully used as basic data for standardizing of PPT-S and evaluating the intervention effects before and after hearing rehabilitation with hearing impaired children.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.293-298
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• 2012

Purpose: We compared static retinoscopy in eyes opened with cycloplegic refraction depending on the hyperopia for school-aged children. Methods: There were 59 eyes (30 patients) who were divided into 3 groups - the mild hyperopia (+0.25 D ~ +1.00 D), moderate hyperopia (+1.25 D ~ +2.00 D) and high hyperopia (+2.25 D or more). They all had 0.8 visual acuity or more. Autorefraction and retinoscopy were performed prior to cycloplegic refraction, and then copmared with manifest refraction and cycloplegic refraction. Results: Hyperopia measured with static retinoscopy tends to be measured higher than manifest refraction for school-aged children. Changes of spherical power was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Changes of astigmatism was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The difference between cycloplegic refraction and static retinoscopy was not significant for hyperopic school-aged children. The use of retinoscopy was limited for opticians because of legal constraints. The usage of static retinoscopy in eyes opened for optician should be generalized under the conditions not using the cycloplegic.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 1995

본 연구는 정신지체아 어머니의 디스트레스에 관하여 살펴봄으로써 정신지체아 어머니의 정신건강을 도모하여 동시에 정신지체아 가족이 가족생활에서 건강한 삶을 영위할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상자는 서울시에 거주하는 학령전 정신지체아 자녀를 둔 어머니 135명이 연구문제를 중심으로 한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 아동의 일반적 특성 변인, 어머니의 일반적 특성 변인에 따라 어머니의 디스트레스에 차이가 있는가에 대해서는 아동의 연령 변인과 지체정도 변인 그리고 어머니의 학력 변인에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2) 어머니 스트레스 변인에 따라 어머니의 디스트레스에 차이가 있는가에 대해서는 가족생활 스트레스원 변인, 비형식적 지지 변인, 문제해결적 대처 변인, 정서적 대처 변인에 서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3) 정신지체아 어머니의 디스트레스에 영향을 미치는 관련 변인들의 설명력을 파악해 본 결과 아동의 일반적 특성 변인, 어머니의 일반적 특성 변인, 가족생활 스트레스원 변인, 사회적 지지 변인, 대처 변인들을 단계적으로 넣었을 때 디스트레스에 대한 설명력은 33%로 나타났다. 이때 디스트레스를 설명하는 구체적인 변인은 아동의 연령, 가족생활스 트레스원, 비형식적 지지, 문제해결적 대처 변인이었다.