• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.37-58
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to find ways to improve the legal system for supporting libraries for the disabled. For the stdy, related precedent studies were historically analyzed, and the legal definition of libraries for the disabled and related laws were discussed. Through this, it was confirmed that the current 「Library Act」 does not have sub-regulations of the Enforcement Decree and Enforcement Rules supporting the regulations related to library support for the disabled, and the 「Welfare of Persons with Disabilities Act」 replaces them. In addition, through research on the current status of libraries for the disabled and interviews with field workers in libraries for the disabled, the need for improvement of the legal system related to libraries for the disabled was confirmed. In conclusion, three improvement plans for supporting libraries for the disabled were proposed as follows: First, the definition and duties of libraries for the disabled through the 「Library Act」; second, preparation of regulations on support for library services for the disabled and fulfillment of duties through the 「Enforcement Decree of the Library Act」; third, through the 「Library Act」 and 「Enforcement Decree of the Library Act」, standards for facilities, collections and manpower of libraries for the disabled are presented.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.81-91
• /
• 2021

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea did not have direct legislation on natural environmental conservation until the early 1970s when the regime was still in the early stage. The Law on Land was enacted in 1977 to provide the legal basis for protecting the natural environment, including land protection, protection zones, and forest formation and protection. The enactment of the Law on Environmental Protection in 1986 made progress on environmental conservation in the DPRK. The constitutional amendment in 1992 stipulated "the preservation and creation of the natural environment as the responsibility of the state." Based on the Framework Law on Environmental Protection, subordinate statutes in various fields were enacted after the1990s. While the committee designated and managed the protected zones in the early days, the Framework Law on Environmental Protection established the ground for the designation of legally protected areas, and the Law on Protection of Scenic Spots and Natural Monuments enacted in 1995, and the Law on Environmental Protection enacted in 2009 provided the details. Furthermore, the types of nature reserves include biosphere reserves, primeval forest reserves, animal reserves, plant reserves, and scenic reserves. The 2nd National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan established in 2007 based on the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD) stated 326 protected zones in the DPRK. However, the 2018 United Nations list of Protected Areas shows only 31 registered zones, indicating the need to establish basic information on protected areas in DPRK. This study can provide basic information for a better understanding of the nature conservation system in the DPRK. Considering that environmental protection activities such as protection of endangered species and recovery of environmental pollution are subject to exceptions under the current sanctions against North Korea (UN Security Council, the United States), it will be possible to contribute to identifying possible inter-Korean cooperation projects in the field of the natural environment.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.1-29
• /
• 2012

Based on the spatial and land price data of innovation cities and their periphery areas in Korea, this study examines the degree and timing of changes in land price in relation to projects concerning innovation city. The study result confirms that the current system is inconsistent with the principle of restitution of development gain and therefore, this study attempts to seek improvement measures so that the current system can better fit the principle. The analysis reveals that most innovation cities, excluding Sinseo-dong of Daegu and Ujeong-dong of Ulsan, recorded a statistically significant increase in land prices since 2005, compared to those of their neighboring areas. It can be said that the information related to projects concerning innovation city was reflected in the land price since 2005. However, the standard land price pursuant to Article 70 of the Land Compensation Act is the officially assessed land price released on 1st of January 2007, and this official land price was actually applied to the compensation process. Therefore, estimating the compensation amount for land expropriation based on this land price will contradict the principle of restitution of development gain. In other words, despite the fact that development-related information was already reflected in land prices of innovation cities from 2005 to the end of 2006, the compensation process were carried out without institutional arrangements or efforts to exclude such reflection. To solve this problem, this study makes two suggestions. First, it is necessary to cast aside the limitations of the official land price that can be retroactively applied in accordance with Paragraph 5 of Article 70 of the Land Compensation Act, and instead apply the land price which is the most latest but deemed to have no reflection of development gains. Based on this revised standard land price, if the compensation amount is corrected by the average inflation rate and the average rate of increase in land price during the period until the time of the recognized land price, the amount would better satisfy the principle of restitution of development gain. Second, it is necessary to clearly stipulate the standards of development gains being reflected on the land price by including it in the secondary legislation. Under the current system, it is highly likely that appraiser's arbitrary interpretation on development gains is included in the process of calculating the amount of compensation for land expropriation. In this regard, it is necessary to improve the standards on determining whether development gains are reflected based on the results of this academic research and the existing guidelines for appraisal of compensation for land expropriation published by the Korea Association of Property Appraisers.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.16
• /
• pp.39-96
• /
• 2007

Traditionally, the concept of transfer is that physical records such as paper documents, videos, photos are made a delivery to Archives or Records centers on the basis of transfer guidelines. But, with the automation of records management environment and spreading new records creation and management applications, we can create records and manage them in the cyberspace. In these reasons, the existing transfer system is that we move filed records to Archives or Records centers by paper boxes, needs to be changed. Under the needing conditions of a new transfer paradigm, the fact that the revision of Records Act that include some provisions about electronic records management and transfer, is desirable and proper. Nevertheless, the electronic transfer provisions are too conceptional to apply records management practice, so we have to develop detailed methods and processes. In this context, this paper suggest that a electronic records transfer process model on the basis of international standard and foreign countries' cases. Doing transfer records is one of the records management courses to use valuable records in the future. So, both producer and archive have to transfer records itself and context information to long-term preservation repository according to the transfer guidelines. In the long run, transfer comes to be the conclusion that records are moved to archive by a formal transfer process with taking a proper records protection steps. To accomplish these purposes, I analyzed the 'OAIS Reference Model' and 'Producer-Archive Interface Methodology Abstract Standard-CCSDS Blue Book' which is made by CCSDS(Consultative committee for Space Data Systems). but from both the words of 'Reference Model' and 'Standard', we can understand that these standard are not suitable for applying business practice directly. To solve this problem, I also analyzed foreign countries' transfer cases. Through the analysis of theory and case, I suggest that an Electronic Records Transfer Process Model which is consist of five sub-process that are 'Ingest prepare ${\rightarrow}$ Ingest ${\rightarrow}$ Validation ${\rightarrow}$ Preservation ${\rightarrow}$ Archival storage' and each sub-process also have some transfer elements. Especially, to confirm the new process model's feasibility, after classifying two types - one is from Public Records center to Public Archive, the other is from Civil Records center to Public or Civil Archive - of Korean Transfer, I made the new Transfer Model applied to the two types of transfer cases.