• The Korean Journal of Medicine
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.210-218
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• 2024

Background/Aims: Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are common in patients with diabetes complications, such as autonomic neuropathy. However, the prevalence of GI symptoms before the development of diabetes complications is unclear. Methods: We conducted an interview survey of functional GI disorders among patients with diabetes visiting the endocrinology clinic of a general hospital using the Rome III criteria. The survey consisted of questions regarding functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional constipation, including functional defecation disorder. Results: In total, 509 patients were included in the analysis. The patients were divided into three groups: prediabetes (n = 115), diabetes without neuropathy (n = 275), and diabetes with neuropathy (n = 119). With regard to GI symptoms, the prevalences of functional dyspepsia in the prediabetes, diabetes without neuropathy, and diabetes with neuropathy groups were 16.52%, 27.27%, and 23.53%, respectively; those of irritable bowel syndrome were 8.70%, 11.68%, and 16.81%, respectively, and those of functional constipation were 8.85%, 11.85%, and 15.25%, respectively. In the subgroup analysis, symptoms of postprandial distress syndrome (e.g., postprandial fullness and early satiety) were more prevalent than symptoms of epigastric pain. In the constipation group, symptoms of pelvic outlet obstruction (such as the sensation of anorectal obstruction or blockage and the need for manual maneuvers to facilitate defecation) were more prevalent than symptoms of slow-transit constipation. Conclusions: The prevalence of functional GI disorders increases with diabetes severity. Diabetes-related GI symptoms appear long before the onset of diabetes complications.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.422-428
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to survey the relationship of the self-esteem of high school students, their oral health knowledge and practice, AMPQ and life satisfaction in a bid to provide some information on how to lead high school students to get into the right oral health habits. The subjects in this study were the students who were in all the seven senior classes in a high school that was selected by convenience sampling from a city in Gyeonggi province. After a survey was conducted in November, 2010, the following findings were given: There were no significant gaps among the students in every regard according to whether they received academic or vocational education. But the students who received academic education had a better oral health knowledge than the others, though the intergroup gap was not significant. As a result of checking the influence of the variables affecting the oral health practice of the adolescents, AMPQ was identified as the most influential variable, and oral health knowledge and subjective health status also had an impact on oral health practice. There were statistically significant differences according to those variables (p<0.001).

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.360-372
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• 2007

We propose a fast inter-layer mode decision method by utilizing coding information of base layer upward its enhancement layer inscalable video coding (SVC), also called MPEG-4 part 10 Advanced Video Coding Amendment 3 or H.264 Scalable Extension (SE) which is being standardized. In this paper, when the motion vectors from the base layer have zero motion (0, 0) in inter-layer motion prediction or the Integer Transform coefficients of the residual between current MB and the motion compensated MB by the predicted motion vectors from the base layer are all zero, the block mode of the corresponding block to be encoded at the enhancement layer is determined to be the $16{\times}16$ mode. In addition, if the predicted mode of the MB to be encoded at the enhancement layer is not equal to the $16{\times}16$ mode, then the rate-distortion optimization is only performed on the reduced candidated modes which are same or smaller partitioned modes. Our proposed method exhibits the complexity reduction in encoding time up to 72%. Nevertheless, it shows negligible PSNR degradation and bit rate increase up to 0.25dB and 1.73%, respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.349-357
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• 2011

Inhibitors of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) kinase activity may prove useful to therapeutically intervene in cancer and to treat other proliferative diseases. In this study, we investigated the inhibitive effects of two compounds named 63013 and 63033 possess a [1,4]-dioxino quinazoline structure that links the alkoxy side chains together and their structural characteristics are considered to allow better solubility than the dialkoxyquinazoline derivatives. The EGFR kinase activities of A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells, stimulated by EGF were inhibited by treatment with 63013 and 63033 in a dose-dependent manner respectively. Consistent with the compound-mediated EGFR kinase suppression, the major EGF-related downstream target molecules, such as MEK1/2, MAPK p44/42, AKT and STAT3, were also suppressed by both compounds. Interestingly, both compounds led to cell growth inhibition at a lower concentration than that of Gefitinib (Iressa$^{(R)}$). Collectively, our study showed that both compounds may have good therapeutic potential as an EGFR kinase specific inhibitor to treat EGFR-related diseases.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.37
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• pp.223-247
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• 2018

A reading aloud performance is an activity in which the actors convey the meaning of the play to the audience through reading the play without memorizing the play. Although this term has been used for a long time, it can be said in the early 2000s that Korea began to pay attention to reading aloud performance in the cultural world. As the theater education is strengthened in the 2015 revision curriculum, interest in this "reading aloud performance" is also growing. In this article, we analyzed the reading aloud performance of the 8th contemporary Japanese drama '2018' in order to utilize the reading aloud performance in the educational field and to utilize it in the lecture of the children education. There are two types of rehearsals for the actors on stage: 'Reading by watching drama', 'Playing by memorizing drama', and 'Mixing two types'. In the end, the key is that there is no set rule for the type of reading aloud performance. It's not trouble to see or not to see the play. It is not necessary to have a stereotype that you should do a proper reading aloud performance in consideration of your situation, but that you should do this. If children understand the concept of read aloud performance in a flexible way, the educational effect will be greater. Based on this analysis, we suggested 'not sticking to the form of reading aloud performance' and 'choosing various types of reading aloud performance' as a criterion for applying to the education field for children. In addition, the sub-criteria required for selecting 'various types of lecture performances' include' selecting a specific scene in the content of the play ',' considering the level or situation of the student ',' not hesitating to make a new type of lecture performance '. I hope that this article will be a stepping stone to revitalize the discussion in the educational world where discussion on the performance of reading aloud is requested, and to solve the problem of lack of educational design due to lack of theory.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.105-125
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• 2014

The purposes of this study are to develop the standardized tests of career preparation behavior of career preparation behavior for college students. For these, the 'Career Preparation Behavior Scale for College Students' which was developed in 2011 was reviewed and revised. After 609 students were involved and analyzed for the pretest, 1,244 subjects were collected by taking into account gender, grade, major, and location of colleges for developing a standardized test. The Career Preparation Behavior Scale consisted of 3 subareas and 30 items: 11 items for learning area, 12 items for counseling and information collecting area, 7 items for employment action area. The levels of reliabilities, construct validity, discriminant validity, and the concurrent validity were relatively high. Also, the suitability index of the structural model was analyzed to check the structural significance. The degree of career reparation behavior among norm groups was increased in general according to the grades. Scores of students majoring in humanities and social sciences received significantly high scores compared with those of majoring in science and technology or in art and music. But the levels of satisfaction on career preparation behavior were no difference according to gender, grade, and major. 'The Standardized Career Preparation Behavior Scale for College Students' would be used for conducting career education or programs for college students in the future.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.193-205
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to look into how social support for high school students was affecting suicidal ideation and verify how the moderating effect worked on risk factors in the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation. Specifically, three sub-factors of social support were classified into friend support, teacher support, and parent support, and were set as independent variables. In addition, suicidal ideation was dependent variables, gender, grade level, and school type as moderating variables. The main research results are as follows. First, teacher support, friend support, and parent support all appeared to have a significant negative effect on suicidal ideation. Second, the suicidal thoughts were higher in female students than in male students than in male students and in students of general high school than in those of vocational high school. Third, support from friends and parents was more effects in reducing suicidal thoughts for female students than male students. Fourth, the effect that teacher support that support and parent support reduce suicidal thoughts was greater for first graders than second graders. Bases on the results of the analysis, interviews were also conducted with high school teachers. Through the results of this study, I would like to propose practical measures to alleviate social problems related to suicide in high school students and to provide basic data for policy measures.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.371-389
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• 2018

This study focuses on the fact that students and teachers commonly have difficulty in 'selecting the topic' in many activities including student-led research that is conducted from topic selection to the drawing of conclusion. The purpose of this study is to develop a manual for science teaching research. The instructional manuals of 4 stages were developed based on practical knowledge that can be implemented in the actual class through previous research and literature. Each stage is composed of , , , and . In the third stage, students are expected to find scientific questions and develop them into research topics through detailed class research on newspaper articles, scientific magazines, traditional knowledge, proverbs, daily life, and textbook experiments. In the experimental group, the final research topic was selected through a variety of sources such as textbook experiments, proverbs, YouTube images, newspaper articles, individual WHY NOTEs, and understood the conditions of the scientific research topic and expressed the variables in the research title. However, in the control group, some students did not consider the research scope of the selected research subjects to be specific or not to be able to study at their level. As a result of giving the students as much autonomy as possible, many groups did not fully understand the previous research and submitted it. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that development and use of a 'topic selection stage' centered practice manual for general high school teachers would not only improve the students' abilities to discover solutions to scientific questions, but it will also help shift their attitudes towards science in a positive direction.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.31-43
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• 2022

Startups are recognized as the vitality of the economy, and countries are competing to attract competitive overseas entrepreneurs and startups to their own startup ecosystem. In this global trend, entrepreneurs cross the border without hesitation, expecting abundant available resources and a startup friendly environment. Despite the increasing frequency of start-up migration between countries, studies related to this are very rare. Therefore, this study has chosen the cross-border migration of startups between countries as a research topic, and those who have been involved in the cross-border entrepreneurial migration to South Korea as a research sample. This study consists of two stages. The first research stage hires a Delphi method to collect expert opinions and find major factors related to the global startup migration. Drawing on the prior literature on the regional startup ecosystem at the national level, this stage is to conduct expert interviews in order to discover underlying factors and subfactors important for global migration of startups. The second stage measures the importance of the factors and subfactors using the AHP model. The priorities of factors and factors were identified hiring the overseas entrepreneurs who moved to Korea as the AHP survey samples. The results of this study suggest some interesting implications. First, a group of entrepreneurs with nomadic tendencies was found in the trend of global migration of entrepreneurs. They had already started their own businesses with the same business ideas in multiple countries before settling down in Korea. Second, important unique factors and subfactors in the context of global start-up migration were identified. A good example is the government's support package, including start-up visas. Third, it was possible to know the priority of the factors and subfactors that influence the global migration of startups This study is meaningful in that it preemptively conducted exploratory research focusing on a relatively new phenomenon of global startup migration, which recently catches attention in the global startup ecosystem. At the same time, it has a limitation in that it is difficult to generalize the meanings found in this study because the research was conducted based on the case of South Korea

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.55-66
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• 2021

The mobile application (APP) market is growing at an unprecedented speed. Amid such growth, the global platform providers are mandating exclusive in-app payments and charging 30% for platform commission fees. A serious tension has arisen between mobile global platform providers and local content providers. The present study attempts to analyze the domestic mobile game market and in-app payment commission fees. This study estimates the size of the domestic mobile game market and platform commission fees by directly using publicly available financial statements and footnote information of some representative listed mobile game firms. Also, the study analyzes the cost structures of the same sample firms and attempts to draw some implications on sustainable growths of the mobile game ecosystem. We estimated that, in 2019, the domestic mobile game market is around 4.9 trillion Won and the ensuing in-app payment commission fees market was 1.5 trillion Won. High market share firms display a proportional increase in in-app payment commission fees in relation to sales growth. This, in turn, makes the in-app payment commission fees a primary cost item far exceeding employee salaries and R&D expenses. During the same period, low market share firms generated a mere profit or experienced net loss. Analysis of the cost structure reveals that these firms are even more liable to higher in-app payment commission fee cost structure than high market share. Most constituents of the mobile game ecosystem are small business entrepreneurs. By employing a micro-level analysis, the study estimates that, in 2019, a representative median firm generates 530 million Won in sales. At the same time, it spends 190 million Won in employee salaries, 50 Won million in R&D and 190 million Won in in-app payment commission fees, respectively. In the absence of other cost items, these three cost items alone account for 73.8% of sales revenue. The results imply that a sustainable growth of the local mobile game market heavily depends upon the cost structure of such representative median firm, the in-app payment commission fees being the primary cost item of such firm.