• Title/Summary/Keyword: 필요량

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A Study of Textbook Contents Analysis and Students' Understanding on the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowance and Food Guide in Middle School Home Economics Education (영양권장량과 식사구성안에 대한교과서 내용 분석 및 학생의 이해도 연구)

  • Park Mi-Jin;Kim Youngnam
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.113-128
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    • 2005
  • The recommended dietary allowance(RDA) and food guide are the basic and the most important concepts for practical application of food and nutrition to the dietary life. For the textbook contents analysis on RDA and food guide, 10 kinds of Technology and Home Economics middle school textbooks were examined. And a total of 283 students from 2 middle schools in Kyungkido were recruited for the analysis of students' understanding on RDA and food guide. The results o( this study were as follows. First, students were aware of food, nutrition and diet section in the middle school textbook as interesting, valuable. and easy to understand. Second, the explanation on RDA, which is the intake level of nutrients adequate to meet the needs of practically all healthy people, were not clear and enough in almost all the middle school textbooks examined. The definition of food guide was not firmly established in anywhere including the middle school Technology and Home Economics textbooks examined. Third, about 2/3 of students did not know the difference between RDA and physiological requirement. And $1/3\~2/3$ students did not know which food belongs to which food group, less than 1/3 students gave correct answer on food amount contained in single serving size, except bread, noodle and fish. As result, the RDA and food guide concepts were not throughly explained in middle school textbooks. which resulted in misconception to many students. Thus, accurate and detailed explanation on RDA and food guide should be included in the middle school Technology and Home Economics textbooks, so that to help application to healthy eating in the future daily dietary life.

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Weaning Food Practice and Assessment in Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia (철 결핍 빈혈 영.유아의 수유 형태 및 이유 지식 평가)

  • Kim, Boo-Young;Choi, Eun-Hye;Kang, Sung-Kil;Jun, Yong-Hoon;Hong, Young-Jin;Kim, Soon-Ki
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.215-220
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: Recently, the favorable merits of breast feeding have received widespread attention and the number of breast feeding children is increasing. We investigated the weaning practices between breast feeding infants and non-breast feeding infants with respect to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Methods: Between March 2006 and January 2009, we surveyed 70 parents, the children of whom had been medically diagnosed with IDA, and 140 parents, the children of whom did not have IDA, about how they feed their children and how much they know about the weaning process. The infants and children were 6∼36 months of age and attended the Inha University hospital. Results: IDA patients started weaning later than non-IDA patients. Also, breast feeding in IDA patients was more frequent than in non-IDA patients (82% vs. 30%). The breast feeding group began weaning at approximately 6.4 months of age, which was statistically meaningfully compared to non-breast feeding infants. There were no differences in knowledge between the two groups of parents. Conclusion: According to our research, we assume that if weaning begins at 6 months, we cannot supply sufficient iron to meet the infant's needs, which increase sharply around 6 months of age because of depletion of stored iron. Thus, infants need to initiate weaning from breast feeding at 4 months of age to furnish an ample amount of iron or take iron-containing supplements. These methods would be expected to prevent IDA in breast feeding infants.

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An Evaluation of the Student Performance and Perception of the Food and Nutrition Subject in the Elementary School Curriculum in Incheon, Korea (실과의 식품영양 단원에 관한 교사 학생의 인지 및 학생의 지식, 태도, 기능간의 상관 연구 -인천직할시 공립국민학교를 중심으로-)

  • 김수자
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.97-111
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    • 1993
  • 본 연구는 국민학교 실과 과목의 식품 영양 단원에 관한 교사, 학생의 인지 및 학생의 지식, 태도, 기능 평가를 위하여 71개 인천시내 공립 국민학교 4,5,6학년 교사 510명과 12개교학생 1,754명을 대상으로 설문조사를 통한 내용을 분석한 것으로 연구의 목적은 1)실과의 정해진 교육목표에 관한 교사의 인지정도 규명 2)식품, 영양 단원에서 교사가 중요하다고 인지하는 내용과 가르치기에 어려움을 느끼는 내용 규명 3)교사가 인지하는 식품영양 단원학습을 증진하기 위한 요소 4) 학생들이 흥미를 느끼는 내용 5)본 단원 학습 후 학생의 지식, 태도, 기능 정도 6)지식, 태도 기능간의 상호 상관관계 규명 등이며 그 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 교사들이 인지하는 실과의 정해진 교육목표는 거의 모두가 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 2. 교사들이 인지하는 식품 영양 단원의 중요한 내용은 영양과 질병과의 관계, 식품위생, 식품저장 등이며, 가장 중요하지 않은 내용으로는 영양 필요량이었다. 또한, 지도에 어려움을 느끼는 내용은 영양 필요량, 조리준비, 식품구성/함유량 등이며 어려움을 느끼지 않는 내용은 영양과 질병과의 관계, 식품위생, 식품저장 등이었다. 3. 교사가 인지하는 단원 학습 증진을 위한 긍정적 요소는 적합한 실습설비와 자료, 시청가자료등이었고 부정적 요소는 남교사, 실험 실습이 필요한 부분은 숙제로 미루는 것 등이었다. 4. 학생들이 흥미를 느끼는 내용으로는 간단한 음식 만들기, 영양소의 기능, 영양문제 등이었고, 쥬스나 차 준비, 조리연료, 부엌용구 사용법 등은 흥미를 느끼지 못하는 내용이었다. 5. 학생의 학업성취 중 지식은 4학년이 식품위생, 기초식품군이, 5학년은 알맞은 조리용구, 조리원리, 6학년은 여가활용의 뜻, 올바른 예절 등이 90% 이상 바르게 답하였고 5학년의 삶은 달걀의 화학적 변화, 감자의 주된 영양 등은 60%이하였다. 6 태도 테스트 결과는 5학년이 4,6학년보다 약간 높은정도(Mn=3.653) 였으나 기능테스트에서는 4학년이 5,6학년보다 약간 낮게 (Mn=3.0) 나타났다(구체적인 것은 본문 참조). 7, 4, 5, 6학년 모두 지식, 태도 기능 간에 정적 상관을 나타내었는데 특히 태도와 기능 사이에는 4학년 r=.7166, 5학년 r=.5175, 6학년 r=.6796을 나타내었고 지시과 태도(4학년 r=.1546, 5학년 r=.0872, 6학년 r=.2192)와 지식과 기능사이에서는 (4학년 r=.1631, 5학년 r=.0585, 6학년 r=.2521)태도와 기능간보다 약한 상관관계를 보였다.

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A Study on Calculation Methods and Amounts Changes of Recommended Protein Intake in the Recommended Dietary Allowances for Koreans and Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (한국인의 단백질 섭취권장량 산출방법과 단백질 섭취권장량 변화 - 한국인 영양권장량과 한국인 영양섭취기준을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Young-Nam
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.51-62
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    • 2012
  • This research examined the method and amount changes of recommended protein intakes(RPI) for male and female adult, and pregnant lactating women from 1962's Recommended Dietary Allowances for Korean(KRDA) to 2010's Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans(KDRIs) revised. As male and female adult's RPI calculation, factorial method was applied until 1989 KRDA, after that nitrogen balance study was applied. Basal factor in factorial method was standard protein(egg or milk protein) requirement or obligatory nitrogen(protein) loss. On the other hand, basal factor in nitrogen balance study was minimum dietary protein requirement to maintain nitrogen equilibrium balance(nitrogen intake = nitrogen excretion). Adjusting factors of RPI were stress and/or protein requirement difference among people. The RPI of male adults were 50~80 g/day, that of female adults were 45~70 g/day. The additional RPI of pregnant women were 10~30 g/day, were calculate based upon the extra protein needs caused by unborn child development. The pregnant women's additional RPI of 2010's KDRIs revised in the periods of first, second, and third trimester were 0, 15, 30 g/day, respectively. The additional RPI of lactation women were 20~30 g/day, were calculated based upon the extra protein needs caused by maternal milk secretion.

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Effective Water Supply Operating System of Dam Considering River Flow (하류 유황을 고려한 댐의 효율적 용수공급방안 연구)

  • Jang, Suk-Hwan;Lee, Je-Chan;Lee, Chang-Hae;Park, Sang-Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.647-650
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 기존댐의 효율적 이용을 위해 하류유황을 고려한 효율적 용수공급방안을 새로운 방법으로 제시하고자 하며 용수공급의 효율적 증대방안을 연구하는데 목적이 있다. 새로운 용수공급방안을 위하여 모의 적용되는 지역은 안동댐 유역을 선정하였으며 낙동강하류를 대표하는 진동지점의 유황특성을 파악하고 안동댐 실측운영자료를 기준으로 HEC-5 모형을 이용하여 안동댐 용수공급 신뢰도를 평가하여, 비홍수기에 추가 용수공급량에 대하여 방안별 용수공급능력을 평가하였다. 연구결과, 낙동강 유량이 풍부한 홍수기에 댐하류 공급량을 안동댐에 저장하였다가 비홍수기에 추가 공급하는 3가지 시나리오별로 분석하여 추가 용수 공급 가능량은 각 시나리오별로 $1.35m^3/s^{\sim}2.12m^3/s$정도로 평가하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 현시점에서 국내 기존댐에 대해 댐건설 당시 적용된 농업용수 사용량을 재조사하여 최적의 필요량을 공급하고 비홍수기에 공급할 수 있는 방안 등의 효율적인 용수공급증대 방안에 대하여 발전적인 연구와 실효성있는 댐운영을 기대한다.

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Improving Instruction Cache Performance by Dynamic Management of Cache-Image (캐시 이미지의 동적 관리 방법을 이용한 명령어 캐시 성능 개선)

  • Suh, Hyo-Joong
    • KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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    • v.23 no.9
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    • pp.564-571
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    • 2017
  • The burst loading of a pre-created cache-image is an effective method to reduce the instruction cache misses in the early stage of the program execution. It is useful to alleviate the performance degradation as well as the energy inefficiency, which is induced by the concentrated cold misses at the instruction cache. However, there are some defects, including software overhead on the compiler and installer. Furthermore, there are several mismatches as a result of the dynamic properties for specific applications. This paper addresses these issues and proposes a cache-image maintenance/recreation policy that can conduct dynamic management using a hardware-assisted method. The results of the simulation show that the proposed method can maintain the cache-image with a proper size and validity.

Dietary Reference Intakes for Protein: Protein Requirement and Estimation Method, AMDR (Amount of Macronutrient Distribution Range), for Protein (단백질 섭취기준: 단백질 필요량과 추정 방법 및 단백질에너지 적정비율)

  • Chang, Soon-Ok
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.338-343
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    • 2011
  • This study assessed the current EAR, RDA, and AMDR for protein, which were set in 2005 and revised in 2010 as the DRIs for Koreans. A classical approach to establish the EAR for protein has been the nitrogen balance method. This method has practical limitations and problems in statistical analysis by giving over estimations of nitrogen balance. Thus, the present EAR for protein might be lower than the true requirement. Recent reevaluations of nitrogen balance studies by bilinear regression analysis and the IAAO method have indicated that the EAR of 0.66 g/kg bw/d should be increased by 39% to give 0.92 g/kg bw/d. The AMDR for protein in the Korean DRIs was set at 7-10%, which covers almost the entire population's protein intake. Since the 5th percentile of Korean protein intake is close to 10% of energy and due to the beneficial effects of protein beyond the maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium, the lower range of 7% needs to be increased up to 10%. For practical meal arrangement, 15% of energy as protein, which is close to the average protein intake of Koreans, seems to be proper, although the value is almost two times the EAR.

A Study on the Efficient Energy Management using Mobility Management in Distributed Wireless Network Environments (분산 무선 네트워크 환경에서의 이동성 관리를 통한 효율적인 에너지 사용에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Tae-Kyung
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.57-63
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    • 2007
  • Providing the sufficient energy to the mobile device is essential to process the job in distributed wireless network. To solve the restrained conditions of energy problems of mobile devices, this paper suggests the efficient method of processing the distributed job using mobility management in wireless network. Energy consumption can be analyzed using the statistical model and required energy of processing the distributed job in mobile device can be predicted using the mobility management. Therefore, this paper suggests the reliable algorithm to process distributed job through the mobile devices with regular mobility and shows the efficiency of the suggested algorithm.

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Concept research of fuel cell system for the UUV (무인잠수정용 연료전지 시스템 개념 연구)

  • Kim, Hyeong-Dong
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.751-760
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    • 2014
  • The unmanned underwater vehicle(UUV) requires the highly dense energy source because of its limited space. Especially, for the UUV designed for long-term operation, it should be reviewed first whether it is possible to install the energy source against required total power. Therefore, this study identifies whether it is possible to install the energy source for the energy requirement of the UUV. And fuel and oxidizer requirement for the fuel cell system are calculated to determine its location and layout inside of the vehicle. Finally, we design the closed type 1kW polymer-electrolytic fuel cell system and check the applicability to underwater operations with UUV.

The Nitrate-Nitrogen Contamination Monitoring of Groundwater from Low Concentration Liquid Manure Application in Forestry Watershed (산림유역에서 SCB액비 시용에 따른 지하수 질산성질소 모니터링)

  • Hong, Eun-Mi;Choi, Jin-Yong;Yoo, Seung-Hwan;Nam, Won-Ho;Choi, In-Gyu
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2011.05a
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    • pp.471-471
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    • 2011
  • 2012년 가축분뇨 해양투기가 전면 금지됨에 따라 가축분뇨의 자원화의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 하지만 현재 가축분뇨 발생량의 일부는 퇴비화로 농경지로 환원되고 있으며, 지역에 따라 일부 지역에서는 농경지면적 대비 가축분뇨 필요량을 초과하는 것으로 나타나, 산림지 및 조림지역으로의 가축분뇨 환원이 새로운 대안중 하나로 대두되고 있다. 특히, SCB (Slurry Composting and Biofiltration) 액비는 성분이 비교적 균질하고 저농도이며 냄새가 없어 산림유역에 시비가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 하지만, 액비 시비량에 따라 수분 및 영양성분 수지 불균형 등을 초래하여 토양에 축적될 우려가 있고, 지하수로 침출될 가능성이 있어 이에 대한 모니터링이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 산림유역 중 백합나무 조림지인 바이오순환림과 포플러 조림지인 유휴지에 SCB액비를 시용하였을 때 지하수에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 매주 지하수 수질 모니터링을 실시하였다. 특히, 청색증 등을 유발시켜 지하수 오염의 지표인 질산성질소를 중심으로 지하수 수질 분석을 하였으며 질산성질소의 오염원을 판단하기 위하여 질소 동위원소비를 분석하였다. 시험림의 물리적 특성이 다른 두 산림유역에서의 SCB액비 시용에 따른 지하수 모니터링 결과는 향후 지속적인 모니터링이 이루어진다면 산림지에서 SCB액비 시용에 따른 수질영향 평가 및 모델링 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

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