• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.120-126
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• 2011

Recently luminous egress guide-lines are introduced for the fire safety of residents in the multi-use buildings such as Gosiwon. Little literature, however, on the quantitative and qualitative estimation for the egress performance of the luminous egress guide-lines can be found. This study carried out experimental investigations to evaluate the egress performance of the existing egress guide-lights and new luminous egress guide-lines. The results showed that both luminous egress guide-lines and egress guide-light satisfied the basic performance of KFI requirements. Under the 7 % smoke transmittance, however, luminous egress guide-lines showed 3 times longer visibility and less evacuation time than egress guide-lights. The evacuation density and smoke transmittance have significant effect on the evacuation time increase without the luminous egress guide-lines, however little effect with the installation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.228-234
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• 2016

Recent buildings are complicated and tends to be connected each other and even underground spaces. Although the risk of disaster is increasing, it does not provide training or induction refuge. In this paper, we propose evacuation induction system using directional speaker, for providing persons in danger with useful information on the disaster situation and to evacuate people effectively as an accurate and rapid evacuation guidance.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.301-308
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• 2020

Based on the analysis of fire escape situations in public facility, this study was intended to propose a design of emergency light suitable for fire in public facility. A video analysis was conducted to understand the evacuation situation of public facility because the fire could not be randomized due to the disaster. Through video analysis, we were able to identify inconvenience and necessary needs in avoiding fire in public facility and reflected them in the design of emergency light, etc. As a result of the design of emergency light, the wall type induction lamp had different LED layout structures to minimize the thickness of the product. Ceiling induction lamps have been supplemented for additional installation in corridors of complex structures. The results of this study are designed based on the criteria used in the manufacture of actual emergency light and we intend to explore ways to be practical through further experiment measurements and complementary steps through expert advice.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.115-122
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• 2007

Exiting systems are essential to prevent casualties in case of fire. However, existing guidance systems are lack of flexibility because their functionalities are fixed when they are planned. In this paper, a system is introduced which guides evacuees in realtime by processing data it gathers throughout various sensors in realtime. It is planned and designed to aid quick and efficient evacuation, and produced, installed and tested in an underground space to show its feasibility. In building the system, ubiquitous techniques are employed for its sensor network and evacuee positioning in an attempt to make it cheap and extendable.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.213-215
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 화재시 재실자의 안전한 피난을 유도하는 피난유도시설의 설치기준과 지하철역사, 대형편의점(마트), 종합병원 등 의료시설, 학교 등 교육시설과 같은 불특정 다수의 사람이 이용하는 건축물에 설치된 피난 유도등의 현장적용사례와 유지관리 실태를 조사하였다. 이러한 건축물에서 재실자의 피난에 영향을 미치는 요소, 예상되는 인명 안전 등에 대하여 분석하여 문제점을 도출하였다. 본 연구결과는 기존의 소방시스템의 문제점으로 지적되고 있는 화재 발생 위치와 확산 경로에 관계없이 획일적으로 피난 방향을 표시하고 있는 시스템의 개선을 위한 최적의 피난 경로를 표시하는 인공지능형 방향성 유도등 개발에 활용할 것이다.

• 방재와보험
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• s.107
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• pp.45-51
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• 2005

초고층 또는 대형.다중이용 건축물에서 화재 등 재해발생시 대형참사를 예방하기 위하여 대규모 관람장, 지하철역사 등의 바닥면에 설치하는 피난유도표시 설치가 주목 받고 있다. 화염으로 인해 조명과 피난표지의 식별이 곤란하게 되는 경우 피난유도표지는 피난경로를 지속적으로 확인할 수 있는 수단이기 때문이다. 특히 지난 9.11 세계무역센터 테러 당시 , 공포와 암흑 천지의 상황에서 빌딩 내에 설치되어 있던 피난유도표지는 많은 인명을 구하는데 크게 기여하기도 하였다. 축광 피난구 표지는 빛을 축적해 배터리 등의 전기적인 요소로 작동하는 비상조명과 달리 주위환경에 상관없이 작동할 수 있어 유지관리 측면에서 비상조명의 문제점을 보완할 수 있다. 더욱이 피난경로를 따라 이동할 수 있어 피난자가 얻는 심리적 이익도 함께 얻을 수 있는 잇점으로 전망 또한 매우 밝다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.462-465
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• 2011

최근 우리나라에서는 대형 화재사고가 빈번히 발생함에 따라 그로 인한 재산 및 인명피해가 날로 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 건축물 내에서 화재가 발생할 경우 인명피해를 최소화하기 위하여 피난유도설비의 설치를 의무화하고 있다. 지금까지 일반적으로 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 피난유도설비로는 유도등이 있으며, 최근 들어 피난유도선의 설치도 다중이용업소를 중심으로 점차 확대되어가고 있는 추세이다. 피난유도설비는 평상시 이용되는 교류 상용전원에 의해서뿐만 아니라 비상시 이용되는 직류 비상전원에 의해서도 정상적으로 작동되어야 하기 때문에, 피난유도설비의 전원장치는 주어진 전원으로부터 주어지는 교류 또는 직류를 발광부에 맞게 일정한 전압과 주파수로 변환시켜주어야 한다. 실제로 LED(발광다이오드) 유도등은 상용전원으로부터 220V의 교류를 받아서 전원장치에서 정류변환을 통해 얻어지는 낮은 전압 24V의 직류를 이용하며, 대부분의 유도등 백라이트로 사용되고 있는 CCFL(냉음극형광램프)에는 상용전원으로부터 220V, 60Hz 교류를 인가받아 전원장치에서 정류 역변환을 통해 만들어진 100kHz의 고주파 교류가 공급된다. 더욱이 유도선의 전원장치에서는 상용전원 220V, 60Hz의 교류를 인가받아 정류 역변환 및 교류변환 과정을 차례로 거쳐 최종적으로 100V, 400Hz의 교류로 전환하여 TFEL(박막전계발광) 소자로 전송하게 된다. 한편, 상용전원이 차단된 상태에서도 전원장치는 마찬가지로 비상전원으로부터 24V의 직류를 공급받아 인버터를 통해 역변환 하여 100kHz의 고주파 교류를 만들어 주거나 추가적인 교류변환을 거쳐 100V, 400Hz의 교류로 변환시켜 내보낸다. 본 연구에서는 상대적으로 복잡한 전력변환 회로들을 포함하고 있는 유도선의 전원장치를 개선하여, 전원장치의 연결가능길이를 기존의 60m에서 최대 100m까지 연장시킴으로써, 터널이나 지하도와 같은 곳에서 특히 경쟁력을 갖게 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.569-574
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• 2018

This paper proposes and implements a LoRa-based emergency exit guide system which can direct the optimal refuge path accounting for the real state of the fires. Each 4-way emergency exit guide sign presents a right direction through one of four LED signs toward the possible exit dynamically calculated by the shortest path algorithm. We constructed a simulation environment with 8 spots of the emergency exit guide signs and 2 exits, which can simulate variant cases of fire accidents, and showed that the proposed algorithm can presents the right guidance for each emergency exit guide sign. We also evaluated the performances of LoRa-based wireless communications using a self developed communication module in the various indoor and outdoor environments. The proposed system can be applied to small and medium sized buildings as well as larger ones in terms of cost efficiency, in which there's no needs to invest for the complex equipments except only sensors and emergency exit guide signs.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.100-107
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• 2011

In this study, a simulated situation in which the visions of the evacuees were blocked by the smoke, which is one of the most dangerous factors that cause casualties in case of an emergency, was conducted for the evaluation of the performance of an evacuation guidance system. For this purpose, the behavior and time taken by the experiment subjects in simulated evacuation test were measured and analyzed. When the evacuation guidance sound signals were given by 4 speakers at the same time, most of the subject were disoriented and took generally longer in getting to the pre-designated evac point. And, using only one speaker instead of two showed a better result in terms of the evacuation behavior or and orientation. Also, when there were two or more speakers used for the broadcasting of the guidance message, it turned out that using Hass effect, and placing the speakers closer, could result in higher awareness of the guidance message and maintenance of the orientation, while it also made the subjects took short to get to the evac point.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.64-71
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• 2022

In this study, fire and egress simulation was conducted for the egress safety evaluation of the nursing hospitals. A fire simulation was performed with or without the smoke exhaust system using the FDS, and the available safe egress time (ASET) of the nursing hospitals was calculated. In addition, an egress simulation considering the characteristics of occupants and egress delay time was performed using Pathfinder, and the required safe egress time (RSET) was calculated. By comparing the ASET and RSET, the egress safety of the nursing hospital with or without a smoke exhaust system was evaluated according to the number of egress guides and the egress delay time. The simulation results show that the number of casualties increased as the egress delay time increased, and the required safe egress time decreased as the number of egress guides increased. In addition, it was found that if a smoke exhaust system with the capacity specified in the KFPA is secured, the available safe egress time can be greatly increased and the number of casualties can be greatly reduced.