• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.303-308
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• 2009

건축물의 화재시 인간의 피난에 가장 영향을 미치는 요인은 연기이다. 연기의 전파에 따라서 피난행태가 달라지고, 피난경로가 변화한다. 국외에서는 이러한 연구의 일환으로 연기의 하강속도에 관하여 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 연기에 대한 피해를 저감하기 위한 노력이 증대되고 있는 상황이다. 따라서 연기하강에 관한 기존의 문헌적인 고찰을 통하여 향후 국내의 연구방향에 관하여 고찰하였다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.107-114
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• 2020

With the development of the national industry, the importance of the elderly and children such as the elderly, disabled, and children is recognized. Similarly, the number of facilities for the elderly and children is increasing. Fires at facilities for the elderly and children cause heavy casualties. In response to these events, it is essential to activate fire alarms promptly and accurately and to secure evacuation routes. In this study, the laws and statistics related to facilities for elderly and children were reviewed, and problems with legal terms-such as elderly, children, others, unwanted alarm of fire alarm systems, blind spots of fire compartment standards, securing evacuation routes, and absence of standards for life safety rescue organizations-were identified. As an improvement measure, the legal definitions of similar terms-such as elderly, children, unwanted alarm checklist, and establishment of standards for fire prevention compartment-and introduction of other terms-evacuation elevators, the establishment of standards for life-safety rescue organizations, and provision of flame retardation objects for evacuees-were proposed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.28-34
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of occupant's path selection on the shape of the pictogram and the opening/closing of the door. This study was carried out through a simulation experiment using computer virtual reality. Exit light pictogram for exit door and exit light pictogram for passage were arranged for each scenario in type T corridor and type + corridor. The computer graphic was used to carry out the simulation. In addition, we analyzed the response of human behavior according to the two directions (left and right) of exit light pictogram for exit door and the effect of opening direction of doorway. In addition, the change of decision-making according to the presence or absence of exit light pictogram for passage was confirmed. The results of the direction selection response were as follows. First, in the case of the T-shaped corridor, if the exit light was not installed on the door, it was influenced by the opening direction of the door. Second, when the exit light is attached to the door, the selectivity in the direction that matches the exit light pictogram direction is high. As a result, it was confirmed that the pictogram direction of the exit light influenced the evacuation route selection of the occupants.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5646-5653
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• 2015

This study focused on the architectural, interior and management guidelines in rehabilitation center for visually impaired persons. For these purposes, we reviewed the movement behaviors and the characteristics of fire drill in rehabilitation center for visually impaired persons. The results are as follows. : First, the liner circulation paths and interior landmarks are recommended, and dwelling units and program rooms should be located in ground floor for barrier free evacuation. Second, It is important to establish continuous handrail, variations of paving patterns and materials, good color definition, tactile informations and directional sound. Third, it is necessary to serve more specified architectural, interior, and management guidelines according to impaired prototypes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.201-202
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• 2017

본 연구는 근거리 무선통신 장치의 하나의 비콘의 신호를 이용하여 침수위험지역에 접근하게 될 시 알림 서비스를 제공하는 어플리케이션을 개발하는데 목적이 있다. 어플리케이션의 기능은 크게 침수위험지역으로 연결되는 경로로 진입하는 경우 일정 거리 이상으로 접근하게 되면 휴대용 단말기에 알림창을 띄우는 기능과 침수대피시설에 가까워지는 경우 알림창을 제공하는 기능으로 구성되어 있다. 침수 상황에서 발생되는 인명피해의 유형을 살펴보면 침수지역의 거주민이 침수를 경험하는 경우도 있지만, 방문객과 같은 불특정인도 침수로 인한 피해를 경험한다. 특히, 관광객, 방문객과 같이 해당지역에 거주하지 않는 사람의 경우 침수예상지역에 대한 지식이 전혀 없을뿐더러 대피시설과 피난경로에 대한 인지가 상대적으로 지극히 부족하다. 또한 침수재해의 경우 위험을 인지하지 못하고 침수위험지역에 잘못 진입하게 되면 침수의 진행에 따라 피난이 불가능해 지는 상황이 발생한다는 특징이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안하는 간단한 어플리케이션으로 침수지역의 위험에 대한 인지, 대피시설에 대한 1차원적인 정보제공이 가능하다면 인명피해를 저감할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.519-526
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• 2018

In this study, an algorithm to predict evacuation routes in support of shipboard lifesaving activities is presented. As the first step of algorithm development, the feasibility and necessity of an evacuation route prediction algorithm are shown numerically. The proposed algorithm can be explained in brief as follows. This system continuously obtains and analyzes passenger movement data from the ship's monitoring system during non-disaster conditions. In case of a disaster, evacuation route prediction information is derived using the previously acquired data and a prediction tool, with the results provided to rescuers to minimize casualties. In this study, evacuation-related data obtained through fire evacuation trials was filtered and analyzed using a statistical method. In a simulation using the conventional evacuation prediction tool, it was found that reliable prediction results were obtained only in the SN1 trial because of the conceptual and structural nature of the tool itself. In order to verify the validity of the algorithm proposed in this study, an industrial engineering tool was adapted for evacuation characteristics prediction. When the proposed algorithm was implemented, the predicted values for average evacuation time and route were very similar to the measured values with error ranges of 0.6-6.9 % and 0.6-3.6 %, respectively. In the future, development of a high-performance evacuation route prediction algorithm is planned based on shipboard data monitoring and analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.372-378
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• 2009

고충건물 피난경로의 제연시스템은 일반적으로 급기가압방식이 널리 쓰인다. 그러나 국내에서 널리 쓰이는 부속실 단독 가압방식은 공간용적이 너무 작아 차압을 형성하고 유지하는 문제와 방연풍속을 형성하는 문제 사이에 늘 불균형이 존재한다. 또한 거실 출입문을 여닫는 데 지장이 없는 차압 하에서도 계단실 출입문은 차압에 밀려 제대로 닫히지 않는 경우가 있을 수 있다. 이런 측면을 역학적으로 검토하고, 과압 해소방식을 제안한다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.87-93
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• 2010

The fact that the smoke hinders evacuation and fire-fighting activities as well as becomes the major cause of life casualty emphasizes the importance of smoke control system. As one of the fire safety standards designed to secure the smoke safety, NFSC501A (Design Guide for Smoke Control System of Special Evacuation Stairwell and Lobby) has been proposed, preventing smoke from penetrating into the smoke-free escape route by raising the pressure of the smoke control zone higher than fire area. For model building of 20 stories, pressurization system was designed according to standard and pressure field of compartments in whole building induced by pressurization system was analyzed using the network model.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.156-167
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• 2011

The number of buildings is growing at a rapid pace in Korea. It is driven by significant economic improvements, the rapid population growth and urban centralization. Such being this case, some city are underway to building enlargement, Manhattanization. To Solve these problem and ensure the safety of live, fire Evacuation Simulation system is used for safe check of buildings. Forecasting an egress behavior in building fire is so important in order to construct a safe and reliable environment. But, currently most of the fire evacuation simulation system used in practice are foreign software that is not reflect korean conditions. Thus, This study focus on objectives that develop a fire evacuation system considering Korean Characteristics and create 3D space-based topology. so the system calculate evacuation path. This system developed as a result of research can be used by architectural designer in practice due to it is based 3D spatial information modeling.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.947-954
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• 2017

In case of a fire in urban large structures such as super high-rise buildings, evacuation guidance must be provided to the occupants in order to minimize human deaths and injuries. Therefore, it is essential to provide emergency evacuation guidance when a major fire occurs. In order to effectively support evacuation guidance, it is important to identify major items such as fire location, occupant position, escape route, etc. Also, it is important to quickly identify evacuation areas where residents can safely evacuate from a fire. In this paper, we analyze the CCTV video and propose a method of measuring visibility of the evacuation zone from the smoke caused by the fire in order to determine the safety of evacuation area. To do this, we first extract the background video from the smoke video to measure the visibility of the specific area due to smoke. After generating an edge-extracted image for the extracted background video, the degree of visibility is measured by calculating the change in the edge strength due to smoke.