• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2003

A new self-organizing neuro-fuzzy network based rate control algorithm for MPEG-4 video encoder is proposed in this paper. Contrary to the traditional methods that construct the rate-distorion (RD) model based on experimental equations, the proposed method effectively exploits the non-stationary property of the video date with neuro-fuzzy network that self-organizes the RD model online and adaptively updates the structure. The method needs not require off-line pre-training; hence it is geared toward real-time coding. The comparative results through the experiments suggest that our proposed rate control scheme encodes the video sequences with less frame skip, providing good temporal quality and higher PSNR, compared to VM18.0.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.53-61
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• 2024

This paper presents a novel M-shaped encoder-decoder architecture for skin lesion segmentation, achieving better performance than existing approaches. The proposed architecture utilizes the left and right legs to enable multi-scale feature extraction and is further enhanced by integrating an attention module within the skip connection. The image is partitioned into four distinct patches, facilitating enhanced processing within the encoder-decoder framework. A pivotal aspect of the proposed method is to focus more on critical image features through an attention mechanism, leading to refined segmentation. Experimental results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating superior accuracy, precision, and Jaccard Index compared to existing methods

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.3B
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• pp.510-518
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• 2000

A new video interpolation technique based on variable skip rate of video sequence is proposed in this paper. in the proposed technique. the determination whether a frame is skipped or not is done by the degree of motion complexity of the frame. If the motion complexity of a frame is low the frame is skipped. otherwise it is coded and transmitted. To determine the motion complexity of a frame a new technique using MEF (moving edge in frame),the set of pixels considered as moving edges in a frame. is introduced. In the course of decoding and interpolating of receiver., the motion field is segmented. For the purpose of dividing vector field morphological filtering is applied. Morphological filtering also used to smooth the boundaries between the changed and unchanged region. In the simulation results, the proposed technique shows higher quality and lower fluctuation of picture quality than the conventional techniques on conditioning of the same bit rate.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.132-141
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• 2019

The necessity of transmitting video data over a narrow-bandwidth exists steadily despite that video service over broadband is common. In this paper, we propose a scalable video coding framework for low-resolution video transmission over a very narrow-bandwidth network by super-resolution of decoded frames of a base layer using a convolutional neural network based super resolution technique to improve the coding efficiency by using it as a prediction for the enhancement layer. In contrast to the conventional scalable high efficiency video coding (SHVC) standard, in which upscaling is performed with a fixed filter, we propose a scalable video coding framework that replaces the existing fixed up-scaling filter by using the trained convolutional neural network for super-resolution. For this, we proposed a neural network structure with skip connection and residual learning technique and trained it according to the application scenario of the video coding framework. For the application scenario where a video whose resolution is $352{\times}288$ and frame rate is 8fps is encoded at 110kbps, the quality of the proposed scalable video coding framework is higher than that of the SHVC framework.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.8B
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• pp.1424-1435
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• 2000

A bit-rate controller that can achieve a constant bit rate when coding object-based video sequences is an important part to achieve an adaptation to bit-rate constraints, desired video quality, distribution of bits among objects, relationship between texture and shape coding, and determination of frame skip or not. Therefore we design content-based bit rate controller which will be used for relevant bit-rate control. The implementation is an extension of MPEG-4 rate control algorithm which employs a quadratic rate-quantizer model. The importance of different objects in a video is analyzed and segmented into a number of VOPs which are adaptively bit-allocated using the object-based modelling. Some test sequences are observed by a number of non-experts and interests in each object are analysed. The initial total target bit-rate for all objects is obtained by using the proposed technique. Then the total target bits are jointly analyzed for preventing from overflow or underflow of the buffer fullness. The target bits are distributed to each object in view of its importance, not only of statistical analysis such as motion vector magnitude, size of object shape, and coding distortion of previous frame. The scheme is compared with the rate controller adopted by the MPEG-4 VM8 video coder by representing their statistics and performance.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.127-146
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• 2023

Recently, digital advertising has shifted towards delivering messages through short ads of less than 15 seconds, and on social media, ads need to convey the message within 5 seconds before consumers skip them. Although the length of advertisements has decreased, advancements in artificial intelligence algorithms and big data analysis have made it possible to deliver personalized messages that cater to consumers' interests. In this changing landscape, the importance of delivering tailored messages through short and efficient ads is increasing. In this study, we examined the effects of message framing as part of effective message delivery. Specifically, we examined the differences in the effects of two framings, "health" and "environment," for vegan products. The growing consumer interest in health and the environment has elevated the interest in vegan products, and the vegan market is expanding rapidly. Consumers purchase vegan products not only for personal health benefits but also due to their ethical responsibility towards the environment, which can be considered ethical consumption. Previous research has not shown the differences in the effects between health and environment message framings, and the research has been limited to vegan food products. This study investigates the differences in the effects of health and environment message framings using a dish soap product category. By identifying which advertising messages, either health or environment, are more effective in promoting vegan products, this study provides insights for companies to enhance their message framing strategies effectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.167-173
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• 2015

This paper presents a study on the Full-HD HEVC(High Efficiency Video Coding) encoder IP(Intellectual Property) design. The designed IP is for HEVC main profile 4.1, and performs encoding with a speed of 60 fps of full high definition. Before hardware and software design, overall reference model was developed with C language, and we proposed a parallel processing architecture for low-power consumption. And also we coded firmware and driver programs relating IP. The platform for verification of developed IP was developed, and we verified function and performance for various pictures under several encoding conditions by implementing designed IP to FPGA board. Compared to HM-13.0, about 35% decrease in bit-rate under same PSNR was achieved, and about 25% decrease in power consumption under low-power mode was performed.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.642-652
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• 2010

Recently, DVC (Distributed Video Coding) techniques are drawing a lot of interests as one of the future research works to achieve low complexity encoding in various applications. But, due to the limited computational complexity, the performances of DVC algorithms are inferior to those of conventional international standard video coders, which use zig-zag scan, run length code, entropy code and skipped macroblock. In this paper, in order to overcome the performance limit of the DVC system, the distortion for every block is estimated when side information is found at the decoder and then we propose a new selective block encoding scheme which provides the encoder side with the motion information for the highly distorted blocks and then allows the sender to encode the motion compensated frame difference signal. Through computer simulations, it is shown that the coding efficiency of the proposed scheme reaches almost that of the conventional inter-frame coding scheme.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.1330-1338
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• 2015

In wireless communication network, the amount of packet data for the video streaming in the playout buffer of the receiver is changed with time according to network condition. If the amount of packet data is less than a specific buffer amount, the buffer underflow problem is generated. On the contrary, if the amount of packet data is more than a given buffer amount, the buffer overflow problem is occurred. When the playout of the video streaming is processed, these buffer underflow and overflow problems cause stop and skip phenomenons and then provide the discontinuity of playout. Therefore, to solve the buffer underflow and overflow problems of the video streaming in wireless communication network, This paper analyzes the combined effect of Token Bucket scheme, which controls the bursty traffic, and AMP(Adaptive Media Playout) scheme, which adaptively changes the playout speed of receiver. Through simulation, we found that the combination of Token Bucket and AMP schemes provides the superiority in terms of the occurrence number of buffer underflow and overflow, the stop duration time and the number of removed frames generated by underflow and overflow, and PSNR.