• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 1998

This paper performed terrain analysis using DTM(digital terrain model) with TIN/ GRID structure on PC environment. Contour layer from 1:5,000 scale map was used to produce DTM. DTHs were produced with and without considering breakline for each data structure. Processing time, file size, mean elevation and standard variation were analyzed for each DTM. slope map, aspect map were analyzed for grid structure with consideration of TEX>$5\times{5m},\;l0\times{10m},\;15\times{15m},\;l0\times{30m},\;45\times{45m},\;60\times{60m}$ cell size respectively. The results suggest following; The incorporation of breakline does improve mapping accuracy for highly disturbed landscape, Mean elevation doesn't increase as the grid size increases, while processing time, storage room is significantly lessened. Thus, the optimal grid size must be determined in advance for efficient application. slope decreases, while aspect increases as grid size is increasing.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.345-349
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soaking in dairy products on the reduction of fishy odor in steamed crab meat using a mass spectrometer-based electronic nose. The steamed crab meat was soaked in three different dairy products (whole milk, soymilk, and yogurt) and the changes in the pattern of volatile components were analyzed by discriminant function analysis. The discriminant function first score (DF1) moved significantly from a negative position to a positive direction with an increase in soaking time. This suggested that the intensity of the fishy odor became weaker as soaking time increased. The effect of whole milk on the reduction of fishy odor was better than that of yogurt. The results of this study demonstrate that off-flavors can be reduced using dairy products.

• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.3069-3085
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• 2018

In this study, we examined the effect of non-cognitive factors on job tenure and tenure using KLIPS. We examine the internal consistency of the big5 personality trait and of the locus of control, and use the parameterized proportional hazards model. As a result, we confirmed that non-cognitive skill such as personality traits and locus of control affect individual labor market performance. Conscientiousness has shown that the job seeking period of adult job seekers is lengthened, thereby lowering the unemployment rate. It can be understood that high attentiveness under uncertainty can misinterpret information, and that lack of decision restricts escape from unemployment. In the tenure analysis, people with internal locus of control tendency were less likely to leave the job due to longer tenure. Those who have internal control can not only be preferred by the organization but also the internal control tendency seems to be the factor that maintains the long-term job because of the motivation and self-control of their actions.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.469-487
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• 2007

Grain-Size Trend Analysis is the methodology to identify net sediment transport pathways, based on the assumption that the movement of sediment from the source to deposit leaves the identifiable spatial pattern of mean, sorting, and skewness of grain size. It can easily be implemented with low cost, so it has great potentials to contribute to geomorphological research, whereas it can also be used inadequately without recognition of its limitations. This research aims to compare three established methods of grain-size trend analysis to search for the adequate way of application, and also suggest the research tasks needed in improving this methodology 1D pathway method can corporate the field experience into analyzing the pathway, provide the useful information of depositional environments through X-distribution, and identify the long-term trend effectively. However, it has disadvantage of the dependence on subjective interpretation, and a relatively coarse temporal scale. Gao-Collins's 2D transport vector method has the objective procedure, has the capability to visualize the transport pattern in 2D format, and to identify the pattern at a finer temporal scale, whereas characteristic distance and semiquantitative filtering are controversial. Le Roux's alternative 2D transport vector method has two improvement of Gao-Collins's in that it expands the empirical rules, considers the gradient of each parameters as well as the order, and has the ability to identify the pattern at a finer temporal scale, while the basic concepts are arbitrary and complicated. The application of grain sire trend analysis requires the selection of adequate method and the design of proper sampling scheme, based on the field knowledge of researcher, the temporal scale of sediment transport pattern targeted, and information needed. Besides, the relationship between the depth of sample and representative temporal scale should be systematically investigated in improving this methodology.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 2014

The effect of solar irradiance has been used to estimate daily maximum temperature, which make it possible to reduce the error inherent to lapse-rate based elevation difference correction in mountainous terrain. Still, recent observations indicated that the effect of solar radiation would need correction for estimation of daily maximum temperature. It was attempted to examine what would cause the variability of solar irradiance effect in determination of daily maximum temperature under natural field conditions and to suggest improved methods for estimation of the temperature distribution over mountainous regions. Temperature at 1500 and the wind speed for 1100 to 1500 were obtained at 10 validation sites with various topographical features including slope and aspect within a mountainous $50km^2$ catchment for 2012-2013. Lapse-rate corrected temperature estimates on clear days were compared with these observations, which would represent the differential irradiance effect among sloped surfaces. Results indicated a negative correlation between the mean wind speed and the estimation error. A simple scheme was derived from relationship between wind speed and estimation error for daily temperature to correct the effect of solar radiation. This scheme was incorporated into an existing model to estimate daily maximum temperature based on the effect of solar radiation. At 10 validation sites on clear days, estimates of 1500 LST temperature with and without the correction scheme were compared. It was found that a substantial improvement was achieved when the correction scheme was applied in terms of bias correction as well as error size reduction at all sites.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.61-70
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• 2008

In this research, load-transfer-function method was selected, because that is widely used in geotechnical engineering among the analysis methods to verify the behavior of load-lateral displacement. Lateral loading test of field scale was conducted, this measured data was analyzed. From the analysis, the model of load-lateral displacement was suggested. The test results were studied and compared to the commercial programs, 'LPILE', which contain the load transfer functions proposed before. By analysis of measure data of load-lateral displacement that expressed to several functions, $y=ae^{bx}$ model was the simplest and applicable to the field. In that case a value converged about 1.3, b value had a tendency to converge about 0.02. From the comparison analysis between measured data and load transfer function by 'LPILE', it is examined that if the lateral load is small, calculated displacements of them show a similar value compared to measured values. Furthermore, the bigger lateral loads, the bigger calculated values compared to the measured data. If the results are compared by Matlock-Reese method and Matlock-API method, Matlock-Reese method shows result of safe side because lateral displacement is calculated greatly relatively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1472-1475
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• 2009

SPI(Standard Precipitation Index)가 기상학적 가뭄을 표현하는 지수인 반면, PDSI(Palmer Drought Severity Index)는 가뭄에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 수문기상학적 요소인 강수량, 기온뿐만 아니라 유효토양수분량과 일조시간 등의 자료에 근거한 물수지 분석에 의해 산정된다. 특히 PDSI 지수는 토양습윤조건의 민감한 영향을 측정하는데 매우 유용하다는 것을 장점으로 가지고 있다. PDSI에서 토양수분과 관련된 요소들을 다룰 때, 토양수분저장량은 토양을 상부와 하부의 2개 층으로 나누어 상부 층은 1inch(25.4mm)의 수분을 저장할 수 있고 하부층은 토양의 성질에 따라 유효용량이 결정되는 것으로 하부층의 수분은 상부 층의 수분이 모두 제거 될 때까지 손실되지 않으며 하부 층 손실량은 초기수분함유량과 산정된 잠재증발량(PE) 및 토양유효용량(AWC)에 따라 결정되는 것으로 가정한다. 하지만 산정방법에서 토양의 유효용량에 따른 물수지 방정식을 통해 각 잠재량들을 구하는 과정은 기후학적으로 필요한 값을 결정하는 매우 중요한 과정임에도 불구하고 기존의 PDSI 지수 산정 시, 모든 지역에서 상하부토양심도를 지역적 분포를 고려하지 않고 10inch(25.4cm)로 일정하게 사용함으로써 유효 토양수분함량에 대한 신뢰도를 저하시키는 결과를 가져오는 경향이 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 GIS 정밀토양도를 사용하여 토양심도의 지역적 분포에 근거한 토양수분함량을 산정한 후 물수지 분석을 실시하고 그에 따른 PDSI 지수를 산정하여 그 영향을 분석하고 기존의 PDSI 지수값과 비교 분석하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.17 no.7 s.124
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• pp.638-648
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• 2007

A principal components analysis of the entire median HRIRs in the CIPIC HRTF database reveals that the individual HRIRs can be adequately reconstructed by a linear combination of several orthonormal basis functions. The basis functions represent the inter-individual and inter-elevation variations in median HRIRs. There exist elevation-dependent tendencies in the weights of basis functions, and the basis functions can be ordered according to the magnitude of standard deviation of the weights at each elevation. We propose a HRIR customization method via tuning of the weights of 3 dominant basis functions corresponding to the 3 largest standard deviations at each elevation. Subjective listening test results show that both front-back reversal and vertical perception can be improved with the customized HRIRs.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper is to formulate and apply the stability analysis of toppling failure by considering the variation of discontinuity characteristics, slope geometry, and loading conditions. The stability condition on toppling failure of rock slope is mainly iuluenced by the dip angle $\alpha_B$ and H/t ratio. In order to check toppling failures in design, the stability charts composed of dip angle $\alpha_B$ versus H/t ratio have been constructed in the paper. In general, smaller dip angle $\alpha_B$ and smaller dip angle $\alpha_B$ and smaller H/T ratio give safer condition. The suggested curves change rapidly at the chitical point around the sone, H/t=4~6. The stable zone in stability charles becomes smaller due to step angle $\data$.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.185-192
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• 2007

음성 사용자 인터페이스(Voice User Interface, 이하 VUI) 는 음성을 매개로 일어나는 인간과 기계 간 인터페이스를 뜻한다. 음성 인식율의 향상과 음성 재생 장치의 발달에 힘입어 최근 들어 휴대폰과 카 네비게이션 시스템에 주로 적용되고 있다. 최근 이러한 경향은 A/V 시스템 등 가전제품(Domestic Appliance) 에도 확대되고 있는데 본 연구에서는 사용자와 필수적이고 빈번한 상호작용이 일어나는 백색 가전을 대상으로 사용자를 만족시키는 음성 인터페이스의 주요 속성 중 음성 생성(Speech Generation)과 관련된 음성 표현을 중점 연구하였다. 연구방법으로 먼저 주부들이 느끼는 가전에서의 문제점과 VUI 로서 해결가능성에 대하여 F.G.I. 를 통하여 조사하여 주요 이슈를 도출하고, 대표적 백색 가전인 에어컨, 세탁기, 김치냉장고, 냉장고, 식기세척기, 오븐레인지 등 6개 제품에 대하여 음성의 물리적 특성, 내용적 특성, 기능에 따른 배치에 대하여 조건에 따라 다양한 프로토타입을 제작한 후 실제 환경과 유사한 실험실 상황에서 사용자의 선호도, 적합도 및 수행을 측정하였다. 연구 결과 각 이슈에 따라 가전제품에 적합한 VUI 가이드라인 특성을 찾아내었다.