• Title/Summary/Keyword: 표피효과

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Analysis of Medium Voltage Power-Line Channel Characteristics Considering the Skin Effect (표피효과를 고려한 중전압 전력선 채널특성 분석)

  • 김선효;이원태;이영철
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.6 no.5
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    • pp.731-738
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, we analyzed a medium voltage power line characteristics considering the skin effect for high speed data transmission. Medium power-line characteristics impedance was obtained by the S-parameter method which is used in high frequency band. Power line channel characteristics was measured using it designed coupler, it is a wide band coupler between medium powe-line and measurement system. Attenuation characteristics along the frequency was decreased linearly when skin effect was considered but attenuation characteristics along the frequency was decreased linearly when skin effect was not considered. Impedance was showed lower and lower in proportional to frequency, and variation was decreased in proportional to frequency.

고압 산소챔버를 활용한 피부표피 반응 사례 연구

  • Min, Geun-Sik;Cheon, Jeong-Min;Park, No-Guk
    • 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2017.04a
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    • pp.45-45
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구에서는 고압산소치료 후 포유동물의 피부에서 Melanin 세포의 생성이 줄어들었음을 이미 보고된 바 있고, 치료 후 전층 피부이식 생존율을 높였고, 또한 인체의 피부 진피층 확인은 더 많은 임상데이터가 필요하나 고압산소치료 후 표피면의 변화는 빠른 시간에 확인 할 수 있다고 판단됨으로 이에 피부진단기의 기준면과의 평행(parallel polarization) 이미지로 피부표피의 변화를 확인 하고자 했다. 본 연구의 고압산소챔버를 활용한 피부표피에 대한 분석 및 실험 결과, 주름살 및 상처(Wrinkle & Scar) 분석에서 피실험자 남자1 3%, 남자2 2%, 여자1 5.9%, 여자2 2.3%로 피실험자 모두 감소 현상을 보여 피부 탄력도가 좋아 지는 효과를 보였다. 피부미백(S-Gray) 분석에서는 피실험자의 피부 표피면의 멜라닌 및 에리즈마 색소의 피부 톤이 남자1 1.1%, 남자2 2.3%, 여자1 4% 로 피실험자 4명 중 3명은 상승 효과를 얻었으나, 피실험자 다른 1명인 여자2는 2.3% 하향의 결과가 나타났다. 홍도(Erythema) 분석, 피실험자 정상인 부위인 D.BLUE/BLUE 값이 남자1 5.6%, 남자2 4.9%, 여자1 17.3%, 여자2 15.3% 증가 현상을 보였으며 남자와 여자의 효과 차이가 10% 이상으로 나타낸 것으로 보아 남자 보다는 여자가 우세한 것으로 판단되었으며, 비정상인 에리즈마 색소(민감도)의 비정상인 부위인 YELLOW/RED 컬러 값에서 남자1 5.2%, 남자2 5%, 여자1 9.2%, 여자2 4.5% 감소 하였음을 보였다. 이에 피실험자 모두 에리즈마인 민감성 산소치료에 따른 피부에 미치는 영향이 효과가 있는 것으로 판명되었다.

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Epidermal Features of the Nelumbo nucifera Tissues and Lotus Effect (연꽃식물 조직의 표피 특성과 연잎효과)

  • Kim, In-Sun
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.95-103
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    • 2012
  • The cell surface sculpture of the plant epidermis has received great interest recently. It has also been an active area of research, as the biological microstructures of the surface, such as papillae and waxes, exhibit several unique properties, including self-cleaning character; namely the "Lotus effect" first described in the leaves of the lotus, Nelumbo nucifera. The Lotus effect is the phenomenon in which the super-hydrophobic and water-repellent nature of lotus leaves allow water drops to run off easily on the surface in a rolling and sliding motion thereby facilitating the removal of dirt particles. It is well-known that surface roughness on the micro- and nanoscale is a primary characteristic allowing for the Lotus effect. This effect is common among plants and is of great technological importance, since it can be applied industrially in numerous fields. In the present study, Nelumbo nucifera leaf and stem epidermal surfaces have been examined with a focus on the features of papillae and wax crystalloids. Both young and mature Nelumbo nucifera leaf epidermis demonstrated the Lotus effect on their entire epidermal surface. The central area of the upper epidermis, in particular, formed extremely papillose surfaces, with an additional wax layer, enabling greater water repellency. Despite the presence of wax crystalloids, epidermal surfaces of the lower leaf and stem lacking papillae, were much more easily wetted.

A New CMOS RF Model for RF IC Design (RF IC 설계를 위한 새로운 CMOS RF 모델)

  • 박광민
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.40 no.8
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    • pp.555-559
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, a new CMOS RF model for RF IC design including the capacitance effect, the skin effect, and the proximity effect between metal lines on the Si surface is proposed for tile first time for accurately predicting the RF behavior of CMOS devices. The capacitances between metal lines on the Si surface are modeled with the layout. And the skin effect is modeled with a parallel branch added in equivalent circuit of metal line. The proximity effect is modeled by adding the mutual inductance between cross-coupled inductances in the ladder circuit representation. Compared to the BSIM 3v3. the proposed RF model shows good agreements with the measured data and shows well the frequency dependent behavior of devices in GHz ranges.

Fabrication and testing of jelly-roll type inductor for high current pulse forming (대전류 펄스 성형을 위한 젤리롤형 인덕터의 제작과 특성분석)

  • Kim, Young-Bae;Kim, Jong-Soo;Jin, Yun-Sik;Ryu, Hong-Je;Kim, Jin-Sung;Lee, Byung-Ha
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2009.07a
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    • pp.1389_1390
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    • 2009
  • 펄스파워 전원장치에서 전류펄스 파형을 성형하기 위해 인덕터를 이용한다. 이 인덕터는 고주파용이므로 철심(core)이 없는 공심이어야 하며, 또한 표피효과(skin effect)로 인한 저항손실의 영향을 줄일 수 있는 구조로 제작되어야 한다. 표피효과를 줄이기 위해서, 인덕터는 권선의 동판을 3장 겹쳐서 나선형으로 감은 젤리롤(jelly roll)형으로 제작하였고, 실험을 통하여 인덕턴스값과 저항값을 측정한 결과를 소개 하고자 한다.

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A Study on the Induction Heating for Aluminum Sheet Using High-Frequency Resonant Inverter) (고주파 공진형 인버터를 이용한 알루미늄 박판가열에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Dae-Chul;Kim, Sung-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.90-94
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    • 2004
  • In this treatise, The "Induction-Heating" and "The Skin Effect" which resulted from the High-Frequency using the High-Frequency Resonant Inverter are showed by this paper. It would research into "The Electro-magnetic Induction" and "The skin Effect" with an aluminum which is the typical paramagenetic metal. Ultimately, it was focused on the possibility of the heating for an aluminum sheet and draw up its practical use-plan.

Comparison of Dietary Carotenoids Metabolism and Effects to Improve the Body Color of Cultured Fresh-water Fishes and Marine Fishes (양식 담수어 및 해산어의 사료 Carotenoids 대사의 비교와 체색개선에 미치는 영향)

  • Ha, Bong-Seuk;Kweon, Moon-Jeong;Park, Mi-Yeon;Baek, Sung-Han;Kim, Soo-Young;Baek, In-Ok;Kang, Seok-Joong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.270-284
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    • 1997
  • Effects of dietary carotenoids were investigated on the metaboβsm and body pigmentation of rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri), masu salmon(Oncorhynchus macrostomos), eel(Anguilla japonica), rock fish(Sebastes inermis) and black rock fish(Sebastes schlegeli). Three weeks later after depletion, these fishes were fed diet supplemented with ${\beta}-carotene$, lutein, canthaxanthin', astaxanthin or ${\beta}-apo-8'-carotenal$ for 4 to 5 weeks, respectively. Carotenoids distributed to and changed in integument were analyzed. In the integument of rainbow trout. zeaxanthin, ${\beta}-carotene$ and canthaxanthin were found to be the major carotenoids, while lutein, isocryptoxanthin and salmoxanthin were the minor carotenoids. In the integument of masu salmon, zeaxanthin was found to be the major carotenoids, while triol, lutein, tunaxanthin, ${\beta}-carotene$, ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$ and canthaxanthin were the minor carotenoids. In the integument of eel, ${\beta}-carotene$ was found to be the major carotenoids, while lutein, zeaxanthin and ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$ were the minor carotenoids. In the integument of rock fish, zeaxanthin, ${\beta}-carotene$, tunaxanthin$(A{\sim}C)$ and lutein were found to be the major carotenoids, while ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$, ${\alpha}-cryptoxanthin$ and astaxanthin were the minor carotenoids. Likely in the integument of black rock fish, ${\beta}-carotene$, astaxanthin and zeaxanthin were found to be the major carotenoids, whereas ${\alpha}-cryptoxanthin$, ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$, lutein and canthaxanthin were the minor contributor. The efficacy of body pigmentation by the accumulation of carotenoids in the integument of rainbow trout and masu salmon were the most effectively shown in the canthaxanthin group and of eel, rock fish and black rock fish were the most effectively shown in the lutein group. Based on these results in the integument of each fish, dietary carotenoids were presumably biotransformed via oxidative and reductive pathways. In the rainbow trout, ${\beta}-carotene$ was oxidized to astaxanthin via successively isocryptoxanthin, echinenone and canthaxanthin. Lutein was oxidized to canthaxanthin. Canthaxanthin was reduced to ${\beta}-carotene$ via isozeaxanthin, and astaxanthin was reduced to zeaxanthin via triol. In the masu salmon, ${\beta}-carotene$ was oxidized to zeaxanthin. Lutein was reduced to zeaxanthin via tunaxanthin. Canthaxanthin was reduced to zeaxanthin via ${\beta}-carotene$. and astaxanthin was reduced to zeaxanthin via triol. In the eel, ${\beta}-carotene$ and lutein were directly deposited but canthaxanthin was reduced to ${\beta}-carotene$, and cholesterol lowering effect by Meju supplementation might be resulted from the modulation of fecal axanthin, astaxanthin and ${\beta}-apo-8'-carotenal$ were oxidized and reduced to tunaxanthin via zeaxanthin. In the black roch fish, ${\beta}-carotene$ was oxidized to ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$. Lutein was reduced to ${\beta}-carotene$ via ${\alpha}-cryptoxanthin$. Canthaxanthin was reduced to ${\alpha}-cryptoxanthin$ via successively ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$ and zeaxanthin. Astaxanthin converted to tunaxanthin via isocryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin, and ${\beta}-apo-8'-carotenal$ was reduced to ${\alpha}-cryptoxanthin$ via ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$ and zeaxanthin.

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Design Considerations of Gigabit Interconnection for High-speed Communication Systems (고속통신시스템의 기가비트 연결설계 고려사항)

  • Park, Jong-Dae;Park, Yeong-Ho;Nam, Sang-Sik;Kim, Su-Hyeong
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.8C no.4
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    • pp.415-420
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    • 2001
  • VLSI 기술의 빠른 발전으로 디지털 시스템의 동작주파수가 높아짐에 따라 고속 통신시스템 의 하드웨어 설계 시 신호 무결성을 고려한 설계가 필수적이다. 디지털시스템에서의 잡음원 은 전송선에서의 전원장치, 접지 바운스, 실장 재료 등에 관련된다. 본 연구에서는 고속네트 워크/통신시스템의 기가비트 연결 설계기술에 필요한 요소들을 언급하였고, 실제 설계 신호 불연속에 영향을 미치는 커넥터의 누화 및 전송선의 표피 효과, 유전손실 등을 고려한 백플 레인보드를 시뮬레이션 하였다.

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