• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.9-19
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• 2022

In this study, a systematic review was conducted to analyze the method of applying sEMG to evaluate the swallowing function of the elderly at each stage of swallowing, and to help objectively measure the swallowing stage of the older adults in clinical practice. From 2011 to 2021, 7 studies that met the selection criteria were selected using Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS). As a result of this study, the older adults and adults were divided into an experimental group and a control group and the swallowing phase was analyzed using sEMG only for the older adults. sEMG was used to evaluate swallowing in the oral and pharyngeal stages, and the sEMG attachment site was attached to the swallowing muscle involved in each stage. The collected sEMG data were filtered using a bandpass-filter and a notch-filter, and were analyzed using RMS, amplitude, and maximum spontaneous contraction. In this study, it was found that sEMG can be used as a tool to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the swallowing function in stages. Therefore, it is expected that this study will activate various studies that incorporate sEMG to evaluate the swallowing function in stages.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.261-266
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• 2013

Myofascial pain is a condition associated with regional pain and muscle tenderness characterized by the presence of myofascial trigger points. In this case report, a subject complaining of nighttime bruxism was clinically assessed, and a latent trigger point of the anterior temporalis muscle was identified with manual palpation. A surface electromyographic (SEMG) exam of the anterior temporalis muscle harboring the latent trigger point demonstrated several SEMG features, including post-contraction irritability, delayed relaxation following contraction and accelerated muscle fatigue. It was concluded that a SEMG exam may detect abnormal masticatory muscle function and, therefore, assist in the evaluation of myogenous temporomandibular disorders.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.36 no.3 s.116
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• pp.218-227
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• 2006

Although the submentovertex radiograph and surface EMG are not often used due to the difficulty of interpretation, they are accepted as useful diagnostic and analytic aids for skeletal asymmetry. There have been reports which state that they were also useful for the evaluation of vertical skeletal relations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlations between EMG data, measurements from submentovertex radiographs, facial types and facial asymmetry following examination of 60 asymmetric patients. The radiographic corpus length were greater in the nonaffected sides (p<0.001), gonion to interspinosum axis were greater in the affected sides and the mandibular condyle and gonion were located more anteriorly in the non-affected sides than in the affected sides but not significant (p=0.07). The activity of the anterior temporal muscle in rest position was higher in the affected sides than in the non-affected sides (p<0.01). The activity of the masseter muscle at maximum clenching was found to be nonsignificant but it was higher in the affected sides than in the non-affected sides (p=0.09). There was positive correlation between facial index and the intercondylar axes angle (p<0.01). There was positive correlation between masseter muscle activity in maximum occlusion and facial index in the affected and non-affected sides (p<0.05). The results demonstrate that the submentovertex radiograph and EMG can provide useful information for the evaluation of horizontal and vertical skeletal relations.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.265-265
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• 1997

음성이란 성대내근과 성대외근의 운동에 의해 진성대에서 규칙적이고 조화로운 진동이 이루어져 나타나는 것으로, 이러한 운동 등에 이상이 생기거나 진성대에 기질적인 변화가 왔을 때 음성이 변하게 된다. 그러나 이런 환자들의 진단을 위하여 후두소견을 관찰해 보면 진성대 뿐만 아니라, 상후두에서도 여러 가지 양상의 다른 움직임을 확인할 수가 있는데, 상후두는 진성대와는 달리 특별한 자체를 움직일 만한 근육들이 발달되어 있지 않은 구조물임에도 불구하고 여러 다른 발성에 따라 다양한 움직임을 나타내게 된다. 이러한 것들은 진성대와 연결되어 있는 성대내근이나 후두의 외부에 붙어있는 성대외근의 영향에 의해 나타날 수가 있다고 생각이 되고, 이러한 것들은 일차적으로 또는 이차적으로 성대의 진동에 영향을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 이에 저자들은 발성시 상후두의 움직임과 성대외근과의 관계를 확인하기 위하여 상후두의 움직임을 여러 가지 모양으로 만들도록 훈련한 후 스트로보스 3102;을 이용하여 상후두의 움직임을 확인하면서, 각각의 경우에 따라 근육의 수축정도를 비교할 수 있고 비침습적인 표면전극을 이용한 근전도 검사를 시행하여 이들에 관한 연구를 하였다.다.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) program on the balance for the promotion of life care of elderly obese women. Ten participants of elderly obese women who were able to walk independently without surgery experience of lumbar, hip or knee joint within the past year were recruited and under went the pretest, CLT (20 sessions), followed by the post-test. The test included BMI test using In-body, joint kinematics using myoVIDEO, muscle activation using surface EMG test (erector spinae (ER), external oblique abdominalis (EO), quadriceps femoris (Quad), hamstring muscle (Ham)) and balance tests including dynamic balance test using forced treadmill, Berg balance scale (BBS) and timed up go (TUG). The CLT program was conducted 60 minutes a day, 5 days a week, over 4 weeks period. As a result of this study, The the trunk and hip joints kinematics during the stance and swing phases of gait were a statistical significance levels were set at p <0.05. The ER and EO muscle activation were significantly improved after intervention (p <0.05). The length of gait line and single support line of change of center of pressure (COP) were significantly increased after intervention (p <0.05). The BBS and TUG were also significantly enhanced after intervention (p <0.05). The results of this study showed that CLT program for the improvement of life care had significant effects on improving postural instability, muscle weakness, reduced balance ability and falling risk of obese elderly women. Therefore, it is recommended to apply CLT program to improve life-care through improving balance ability and preventing fall of obese elderly women.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2016

We investigated the potential of electromyography (EMG) for diagnosing imbalance in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) to apply functional cerebrospinal therapy (FCST). The electromyography signals were measured in the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) while a FCST specialist conducted a restricted cervical rotation test. In addition, we also observed the changes in the electromyography signals according to pre-treatment or treatment with a TMJ balancing appliance (TBA), a customized TMJ balancing appliance (CBA), or a CBA with one paper bar. The right SCMs of the two patients with right TMJ imbalance had high EMG signals in the right cervical rotation test, while the left SCMs showed low EMG signals in the left rotation. In addition, the high EMG signals in the right SCMs decreased when using the TBA or the CBA, but the EMG signals of the left SCMs showed low EMG values during the treatments. Furthermore, the EMG signals of the right SCMs rose again after artificial imbalance of the right TMJ by the CBA with one paper bar. This case report demonstrated the potential of EMG as an objective diagnostic method for FCST.

• Journal of Electrodiagnosis and Neuromuscular Diseases
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.84-90
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• 2018

Objective: To assess the correlation between surface electromyography (SEMG) and conventional EMG in patients with facial nerve palsy. Additionally, compare the discomfort and the time required by the patients in two methods. Method: 36 patients with facial palsy were given nerve conduction studies (NCS) via conventional EMG. Then, the peak root mean square (RMS) values were obtained from the SEMG. We also recorded visual analogue scale (VAS), House-Brackmann scale, and the time required for the examination. Results: Pearson's correlation coefficient between the amplitude loss ratio of the RMS values obtained by SEMG compared to the unaffected side (RSEMG) and the amplitude loss ratio of CMAP amplitudes compared to the unaffected side (RCMAP) was 0.567 at the frontalis, 0.456 at the orbicularis oculi, 0.393 at the nasalis, and 0.437 at the orbicularis oris. An increase in RSEMG is positively correlated with an increase in RCMAP. The mean VAS score with conventional EMG was $3.55{\pm}1.42$, whereas that experienced when using SEMG was $0.11{\pm}0.52$ and the mean time required for conventional EMG was $610{\pm}103.84$ seconds, while that required for SEMG was $420{\pm}86.32$ seconds. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant positive correlation between facial muscle activities as measured by SEMG and conventional EMG in patients with facial nerve palsy. SEMG has the benefits of being more comfortable and faster when diagnosing facial palsy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1995

이 논문의 주목적은 정상인을 대상으로 각기 다른 3가지의 (체중의 1.5 %, 3.0 %, 9.0 %) 부하를 통해서 자세의 불균형을 유발시켰을 때 나타나는 postural movement patterns을 기술하기 위한 연구이다. 연구대상의 허리중심에 체중부하를 주어 균형이 뒤로 이동하게 하여, surface EMG(표면 근전도)를 통하여 Tibialis anterior(Ta), Gastrocnernius(Gc), Quadriceps femoris(Qc), Hamstring(Ha), Rectus abdominalis(Ab)와 Paraspinalis(Pa) 근육들의 motor recruitment pattern(운동회집형태)를 측정하였다. 그리고 비디오 촬영은 고관절, 슬관절, 족관절의 움직임을 보기 위해 사용하였다. 특히 근전도 (EMG)는 자세반응 검사에 있어 첫 근반응(근수축) 경과시간(FR)과 분절간격간의 (ID)시간을 조사하는데 사용되었다. 이 연구의 결과는 4가지 중요한 사실을 전해주고 있다. 첫 번째로서, 연구대상자에게 체중의 1.5 %의 부하를 적용하였을 때 Ta가 가장 먼저 수축을 시작하였고(FR:$88{\pm}19.4$ ms) 발목과 대퇴사이의 분절 간격간(ID)의 평균은 +9.3 ms였다. 또한 족관절의 변화가 가장 뚜렷하여 Nashner(1985)의 족기전을 뒷받침하고 있다. 둘째로는 연구대상자에게 체중의 3.0 %의 부하를 주었을 때 Qc와 Ab근육이 원위부에서 근위부 순서로 수축하였고, 첫 번째 근육수축시간은 ($82{\pm}39.2$ ms)였다. 그리고 이때 분절간격의 평균은 +8.3ms 이였고 Ta는 거의 반응하지 않았다. 족관절과 슬관절에 비해 고관절의 변화가 가장 현저하게 나타났고, 이 또한 Nashner의 고관절 기전과 같은 현상을 보였다. 셋째로 연구 대상자에게 체중의 9.0 % 부하를 허리에 적용하였을 때 근수축은 근위부에서 원위부 순서를 이루어졌다. 즉 Ab,Qc, Ta, Ps순으로 근수축 되었다. Ab가 처음으로 수축하여 첫 반응(FR)은 $73{\pm}3.2$ ms 이였고 슬관절과 고관절의 변화가 가장 뚜렷하였다. 넷째로 연구 대상자에게 체중의 9.0 %부하를 적용하였을 때, 균형을 잡기 위해 뒷걸음치는 것이 관찰되었고 이때 근수축 순서는 Ta,Ab.Ps,Qc,Hs였다. 이 결과는 Nasher의 결과와 불일치하였다. 이상과 같은 결과에서 연구대상자의 자세운동형태(postural movement patterns)는 각기 다른 부하 정도와 시간에 따라 합성적으로 이루어지는 것으로 보여졌다. 특히, 자세운동형태는 부하의 적용위치와 연구대상자의 최근의 경험에 영향을 받은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 결론적으로 말하면 자세운동형태는 중앙신경계의 제한적(한정적) 명령 시스템에 의해서 움직임(movement)이 발생하기 전에 조직된다는 Nashner의 가설을 뒷받침하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.132-140
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• 2008

Conventional rectal catheters which are used for the measurement of abdominal pressure can cause erroneous result affecting detrusor pressure, and the catheter itself is not comfortable to the patients. To reduce these problems, we invented a new method for measuring abdominal pressure in non invasive manner using surface electromyography (EMG) signals of the rectus abdominis muscle. Our results showed that the correlation coefficient and root mean square error (RMSE) between the measured abdominal pressures by the conventional rectal catheters and the estimated values by our proposed algorithm were $0.79{\pm}0.06$ and $0.10{\pm}0.07$, respectively. These findings suggest that the surface EMG of rectus abdominis muscle might be used indirectly for more convenient measurement of abdominal pressure on ambulatory urodynamic study.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.291-296
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• 2014

Most of the statistical signal analysis processed in the time domain and the frequency domain are based on the assumption that the signal is weakly stationary(wide sense stationary). Therefore, it is necessary to know whether the surface EMG signals processed in the statistical basis satisfy the condition of weak stationarity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the accuracy of the Run-test, modified Run-test, RA(reverse arrangement)-test, and modified RA-test for assessing surface EMG signal stationarity. Six stationary and three non-stationary signals were simulated by using sine wave, AR(autoregressive) modeling, and real surface EMG. The simulated signals were tested for stationarity using nine different methods of Run-test and RA-test. The results showed that the modified Run-test method2 (mRT2) classified exactly the surface EMG signals by stationarity with 100% accuracy. This finding indicates that the mRT2 may be the best way for assessing stationarity in surface EMG signals.